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facility is located in neighboring Macungie, Pennsylvania.

(“The Gallup Organization” Wikipedia. 27 Sept. 2007. 27 Sept 2007 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mack_Trucks>.)

Some practitioners even take the approach of calculating the cost of advertising for the same amount of space and then multiplying that total three or six times to reflect a number of research studies that show a news story has higher credibility than an advertisement. Consequently, if Mack Trucks multiplied the equivalent advertising space by three, it could say that the editorial space was worth $3.6 million in publicity.

Although such dollar amounts apparently impress some top managements, the technique of calculating advertising equivalency is really comparing apples and oranges. In fact, Ron Levy, president of North American Precis Syndicate, told O’Dwyer’s Public Relations Newsletter that he thought the technique was “blatantly ridiculous.”

One reason is the fundamental difference between advertising and publicity. Advertising copy is directly controlled by the organization and can be oriented to specific objectives. The organization also controls the size and placement of the message. News mentions, on the other hand, are determined by media gatekeepers and can be negative, neutral, or positive. In addition, a news release can be edited to the point that key corporate messages are deleted. In other words, the organization can’t control size, placement, or content.

It becomes a question of what is being measured. Should an article be counted as equivalent advertising space if it is negative? It also is questionable whether a 15-inch article that mentions the organization only once among six other organizations is comparable to 15 columninches of advertising space. And the numbers game doesn’t take into account that a 4-inch article in the Wall Street Journal may be more valuable in reaching key publics than a 20-inch article in the Denver Post.

In summary, the dollar-value approach to measuring publicity effectiveness is somewhat suspect, and there has been a rapid decline of such statistics in PRSA award entries. The equating of publicity with advertising rates for comparable space also does not engender good media relations. The technique reinforces the opinion of many media gatekeepers that all news releases are just attempts to get “free advertising”

(Wilcox, Dennis L., et al. Essentials of Public Relations. New York: Longman., 2001. P. 168)

Match the words (1-10) with the definitions (a-j).

1. productivity

a. people in the media whose job is to monitor messages and decide

 

which messages will be published or broadcast

 

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