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to circulate information

f. information that has value

3. Reading

 

Reading 15.1.

 

Match the halves of the sentences.

 

1.

The government seeks to establish

a) more profits than in 2005.

2.

It is important for a multinational corporation

b) in global terms.

 

to foster

 

3.

PR practitioners may have to counter

c) mutually beneficial relations with

 

 

the authorities of a neighboring country.

4.

Nowadays for a company to be successful

d) a uniform approach to customer

 

it is necessary to think and act

relations.

5.

Lowering of trade

e) unfavorable public attitudes.

6.

This year the company has generated

f) barriers allowed a lot of companies

 

 

to go global.

Read the text and match these headings with the paragraphs.

The new age of global marketing Opportunities in international work

International Public Relations

What is international public relations? Language and cultural differences

1______________________________________________

International public relations may be defined as the planned and organized effort of a company, institution, or government to establish mutually beneficial relations with the publics of other nations. These publics, in turn, may be defined as the various groups of people who are affected by, or who can affect, the operations of a particular firm, institution, or government.

International public relations may also be viewed from the standpoint of its practice in individual countries. Although public relations is commonly regarded as a concept developed in the United States at the beginning of the twentieth century, some of its elements, such as countering unfavorable public attitudes by means of disclosure of operations through publicity and annual reports, were practiced by railroad companies and at least one share-holding corporation in Germany as far back as the mid-nineteenth century, to mention only one such country.

2______________________________________________

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For decades, hundreds of corporations based in the United States have been engaged in international business operations including marketing, advertising, and public relations. These activities swelled to unprecedented proportions during 1990s, largely because of new communications technologies, development of 24-hour financial markets almost worldwide, the lowering of trade barriers, growth of sophisticated foreign competition in traditionally “American” markets, and shrinking cultural differences bringing the “global village” ever closer to reality.

Today almost one third of all U.S. corporate profits are generated through international business. In the case of Coca-Cola, probably the best-known brand name in the world, international sales account for 80 percent of the company’s operating profit.

At the same time, overseas investors are moving into American industry. It is not uncommon for 15 to 20 percent of a U.S. company’s stock to be held abroad. The United Kingdom, for example, has a direct foreign investment in the United States exceeding $230 billion, followed by Japan, Germany, the Netherlands, and France with nearly half that sum each, according to the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Public relations is an essential ingredient in the global megamarketing mix being created. The 15 largest public relations organizations now generate more than 40 percent of their fees outside the United States. Giant companies such as Burson-Marsteller, Hill and Knowlton, and Shandwick earn about half of their fees abroad. Because of fax machines, e-mail, online services, and Internet, boutique firms are challenging the big agencies for international business.

3______________________________________________

Companies operating in foreign countries are all confronted with essentially the same public relations challenges, which, however, can be aggravated by the following conditions:

Differences in languages and the multiplicity of languages in some cultures

Longer chains of command, stretching back to the home country

Evident and subtle differences in customs

The varying levels of development of the media and public relations

Antipathy expressed toward “multinationals”, a pejorative word in many countries

A dislike grounded in such factors as national pride, past relationships, envy, and apprehension concerning foreign cultural, economic, political, and military influence.

Differences in language, laws, and cultures among countries pose serious problems. There is also a need for both managers and employees to learn to think and act in global terms as quickly as possible. Burston-Marsteller, with offices in many countries, has been spending more than $1 million a year on training tapes and traveling teams of trainers and seminars to foster a uniform approach to client projects.

4_________________________________________________

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Many transnational corporations, putting an increased emphasis on international customer relations, are hiring “corporate protocol” officers to be responsible for doing everything from booking hotels, planning banquets, and hiring limousines, to scheduling plant tours, arranging security, and selecting gifts for foreign officials and major customers. They even brief company executives on current events and advise on the correct protocol for greeting royalty.

(Wilcox, Dennis L., et al. Essentials of Public Relations. New York: Longman., 2001. P. 283-289)

Answer the following questions:

1.What is meant by international public relations?

2.What are some of the reasons for the growth of public relations in recent decades?

3.How does public relations fit into the new mix of global marketing operations?

4.What are some of the difficulties that a corporation is likely to encounter when it conducts business in another country? How can they be overcome?

5.What are the responsibilities of corporate protocol officers?

Find the word or phrase in the text which means the same as:

1.have effect on

………………………………………………………………

2.an eye opener

………………………………………………………………

3.promotion

………………………………………………………………

4.form a particular amount or part of something

………………………………………………………………

5.earnings before interest and tax

………………………………………………………………

6.investment made to acquire lasting interest in companies outside of the economy of the investor

………………………………………………………………

7.small agencies

………………………………………………………………

8.can be made worse

………………………………………………………………

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9.structure of decision-making responsibilities from the higher levels of authority to the lower levels

………………………………………………………………

10.a company or corporation operating in more than two countries

………………………………………………………………

Reading 15.2.

Read the press release issued by the Dubai Department of Tourism and Commerce Marketing about the campaign to promote international tourism in Dubai.

“Dubai Heart” Campaign Unveiled

The Dubai Department of Tourism and Commerce Marketing (DTCM) has launched a mega marketing campaign titled Dubai Heart. The campaign, targeting international tourists and residents of Dubai, was unveiled at a press conference held today (April 30, 2005).

The campaign will run through the upcoming Arabian Travel Market 2005 (ATM) where DTCM will participate with a 623 square metre stand. ATM, being held from May 3 to 6 at the Dubai World Trade Centre, is the leading travel industry event for the Middle East and Pan Arab region and is expected to attract thousands of international travel and hospitality trade professionals. The Department has planned several on-site promotions at ATM to coincide with the new campaign, to promote Dubai in international markets.

The campaign was introduced through a series of ‘teaser adverts’ at strategic outdoor venues throughout the emirate. The hoardings used Arabic calligraphy motifs to create a heart shape that spells Dubai.

Commenting on the launch of the campaign, DTCM Director Operations and Marketing, Mr. Mohammed Khamis bin Hareb said, “This campaign is the result of a well-researched and carefully thought-out strategy wherein our media team has worked from concept through objectives and mechanics to practical issues such as timing.”

“The heart means different things to different people and is symbolic of the courage and dynamism shown by our leaders in creating a trade and tourism destination unlike any other,” Mr. bin Hareb said.

“Dubai attracts visitors from around the world and is home to people from over 150 different nationalities who live and work in the emirate in perfect harmony. This campaign

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embodies the vibrancy of Dubai in all vividness and makes use of real people from all walks of life to present their compelling opinions,” Mr. bin Hareb added.

Justifying the rationale for using real people, Mr. bin Hareb said, “Our experience in promoting Dubai over the years has helped us devise this campaign and incorporate pragmatic elements into the brand communications to connect with the target audience.”

“Increasing media fragmentation, ease of changing channels, shortened attention span of consumers and the sheer volume of marketing messages means a lot of noise but very little opportunity for a message to reach its target audience,” he said.

“Consumers too have become more sophisticated so we have moved beyond traditional branding to enable the consumer to be immersed in the brand and have made use of real people living in Dubai as models to develop a stronger association,” Mr. bin Hareb stressed.

“This campaign provides essential attributes of consumer engagement that will enable us to stand out in a crowded market-place that is the tourism industry, where differentiation is the key to success,” said Mr. bin Hareb.

He added that the heart reflects Dubai’s character - strong, healthy and vibrant and always full of life. “Even when the whole body is fast asleep, the heart is at work diligently pumping and that is an expressive comment about Dubai,” Mr. bin Hareb noted. “It also represents the positive sentiment that visitors feel – of being welcome in a warm, hospitable city that is simply bustling with life,” he said.

The campaign features a Dubai logo, with an open D signifying an open-minded culture; the font itself denotes motion reflecting Dubai’s fast-paced growth and development, a city that is constantly moving forward; and a bold typeface, reflects the clear and bold impact that Dubai is making across the world.

The campaign will make an impact from today (May 1st) in newspapers, on the radio, television, on the DTCM website and on taxicabs, at the airport, at Visitor Information Bureaus throughout the city as well as leading hotels in the emirate simultaneously.

The Department has also organized radio promotions to give away ‘Dubai Heart’ merchandise including caps, T-shirts, pins and mugs. “The promotional items have been tastefully designed to give people a sense of pride while sporting them anywhere in the world.

“The print advertisements will feature local residents and expatriates talking about why they love Dubai. The campaign has a strong emotional appeal to allow people to easily identify what makes Dubai tick,” said Mr. Ahmed Al Tunaiji, DTCM Manager Media and Advertising.

“The campaign has been timed to coincide with the staging of ATM to target the large groups of delegates and visitors from key international markets. The DTCM stand will display ‘Dubai Heart’ branding prominently. The stand will also feature a wind tower dispensing Dubai

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