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2.

to creep into the

b. buying or selling in return for what has been given

 

vernacular

 

3.

to hide or obscure facts

c. to attract people’s attention to products

4.

to release information

d. to publish or broadcast information about goods

5.

coercion

e. gradually appear in the language spoken in a particular area

6.

quid pro quo

f. not to allow people to know true information or make it difficult

 

transactions

to understand it

7.

to promote goods

g. the use of lies and tricks

8.

place messages in the

h. to put information in the newspapers, radio, television, the

 

media

Internet

9.

public

i. the use of force or threats to make someone do something

10.

to publicize products

j. people of a particular type

3. Reading

Reading 1.1.

Read the text “How Public Relations Differs from Journalism” and answer these questions.

1.What do journalists and public relations professionals have in common?

2.In what way are journalism and public relations different?

How Public Relations Differs from Journalism

Writing is a common activity of both public relations professionals and journalists. Both also do their jobs in many of the same ways; they interview people, gather and synthesize large amounts of information, write in a journalistic style, and are trained to produce good copy on deadline. In fact, many reporters eventually change careers and become public relations practitioners.

This has led many people, including journalists, to the incorrect conclusion that little difference exists between public relations and journalism. For many, public relations is simply being a “journalist-in-residence” for a nonmedia organization.

However, despite the sharing of many techniques, the two fields are fundamentally different in scope, objectives, audiences, and channels.

Scope. Public relations has many components, ranging from counseling to issues management and special events. Journalistic writing and media relations, although important, are

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only two of these elements. In addition, effective practice of public relations requires strategic thinking, problem-solving capability, and other management skills.

Objectives. Journalists gather and select information for primary purpose of providing the public with news and information. For them communication activities are an end in themselves. Public relations personnel also gather facts and information for the purpose of informing the public, but the objective is different. Communication activity is only a means to the end. In other words, the objective is not only to inform but to change people’s attitudes and behaviors, in order to further an organization’s goals and objectives.

Audiences. Journalists write primarily for a mass audience – readers, listeners, or viewers of the medium for which they work. Mass audiences are not well defined, and a journalist on a daily newspaper, for example, writes for the general public. A public relations professional, in contrast, carefully segments audiences into various demographic and psychological characteristics. Such research allows messages to be tailored to audience needs, concerns, and interests for maximum effect.

Channels. Most journalists, by nature of their employment, reach audiences through one channel – the medium that publishes or broadcasts their work. Public relations professionals use a variety of channels to reach the audiences previously described. The channels employed may be a combination of mass media outlets – newspapers, magazines, radio, and television. Or they may include direct mail, pamphlets, posters, newsletters, trade journals, special events, and posting messages on the Internet.

(Wilcox, Dennis L., et al. Essentials of Public Relations. New York: Longman., 2001. P. 11-12)

Reading 1.2.

Read the text “Toward an Integrated Perspective” and answer these questions.

1. What does the author mean by an integrated approach?

What PR stunts were used by the practitioners?

2. Give the process analysis of the PR campaign.

Toward an Integrated Perspective

Although well-defined differences exist among the fields of advertising, marketing, and public relations, there is an increasing realization that an organization’s goals and objectives can be best accomplished through an integrated approach.

For example, working in harmony, PR and advertising make a powerful combination. When the computer entertainment giant Sega launched its Mega CD games console to its target

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