Раздел 5. Третье занятие

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connect up LANs remotely over telephone links so that they look as ijiough they are a single LAN.

Originally, networks were used to provide terminal access to an­other computer and to transfer files between computers. Today, net­works cany E-mail, provide access to public databases and bulletin boards, and are beginning to be used for distributed systems. Networks also allow users in one locality to share expensive resources, such as printers and disk-systems.

Distributed computer systems are built using networked com­puters that co-operate to perform tasks. In this environment each part of the networked system does what it is best at. Distributed com­puter networks should improve our work environments and techni­cal abilities.

5. Контроль умения аннотировать и реферировать.

Текст 5.3 С

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What Is the Internet?

What is this computer phenomenon called the Internet, or the Net? Do you personally have need of it? Before you decide to get “on” the Internet, you may want to know something about it.

What is it?

Imagine a room filled with many spiders, each spinning its own web. The webs are so interconnected that the spiders can travel freely within this maze. You now have a simplified view of the Internet — a global collection of many different types of computers and computer networks that are linked together. The Internet enables a person to sit bis computer and exchange information with other computers and ^niputer users in any place in the world.

Some refer to the Internet as the information superhighway. Just ** ^a road allows travel through different areas of a country, so the In­ternet allows information to flow through many different interconnect­ed computer networks. As messages travel, each network that is reached

Микроэлектроника настоящее и будуще

contains information that assists in connecting to the adjacent net­work. The final destination may be in a different city or country.

Each network can “speak” with its neighbor network by means of a common set of rules created by the Internet designers. World­wide, how many networks are connected? Some estimates say over

0. According to recent surveys, these networks connect over

0. 000 computers and some 30,000,000 users throughout the world. It is estimated that the number of connected computers is doubling each year.

What can people locate on the Internet? It offers a rapidly grow­ing collection of information, with topics ranging from medicine to science and technology. It features exhaustive material on the arts as well as research material for students and coverage of recreation, en­tertainment, sports, shopping, and employment opportunities. The Internet provides access to almanacs, dictionaries, encyclopedias, maps, and any other information.

6. Контроль умения говорить.

18. Выскажите свое мнение (два-три предложения) по поводу следующих выс­казываний:

1. Microcomputers have been on the scene since the late 1970s.

2. The concept of software generators is not new.

3. The system dynamics method of analysis has been associated with computer simulation (моделирование).

4. The real world is not static, but constantly changes.

Текст 5.4 С

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Services and Resources of the Internet

A common resource provided by the Internet is a worldwide sys tem for sending and receiving electronic mail, known as E-mail. In fact, E-mail represents a large portion of all Internet traffic and is for many the only Internet resource they use. How does it work?