Раздел 4. Второе занятие

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The next major advance in systems came in the early 1960s, with the invention of the transistor and its implementation in the next gen­eration of computers.

These systems were smaller, faster and more reliable.

In the 1970s, the arrival of integrated circuitry resulted in fast and reliable computer systems. Advances in operating systems technology precipitated the rapid spread of multiuser systems, and data commu­nications systems enabled more and more applications to be accessed from remote locations by employees working at CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) terminals. The applications began to provide information that resulted in a wide range of benefits, from significantly improved cus­tomer service to tighter management control over widely dispersed operations and functions.

In the 1980s, the microcomputer brought low-cost computer pow­er to virtually anyone who wishes to use it.

In the decade of 1990s, administrative applications evolved into tools for the strategic use of an organization’s information assets to create a competitive advantage for the organization. Advances in elec­tronic technology improved the cost-performance of computer sys­tems; they continued to shrink in size and increase in power.

Advances in communication technology placed more and more information at the fingertips of the average worker, as systems were tied into local, national, and integrational networks. The use of the Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW) has become ubiquitous in a few short years.

4. Учитесь говорить.

4.11. Прочитайте краткое содержание второй части основного текста (см. домаш­нее задание). Подготовьте 10 вопросов по содержанию. Задайте вопросы ва­шим товарищам.

4*12. Обсудите тему: “The Potential for Microcomputer Application”.

Микроэлектроника настоящее и будупа

Внеаудиторная работа

1. Проверьте, знаете ли вы слова.

13. Назовите синонимы следующих слов (вы можете найти их в основном тексте):

13. Найдите в основном тексте английские эквиваленты следующих речевых отрезков:

14. независимо от цели

15. средство для сбора, записи, анализа и распределения огром­ной массы информации

16. управлять операциями всей системы, подавая команды

17. считывать информацию из памяти

18. компьютер включает в себя микропроцессор

19. пользователь не может использовать этот язык

20. особый интерес представляют информационные системы

21. очевидно, что ...

22. препятствовать коммуникации «человек-машина»

23. получить доступ к ...

24. Переведите следующие речевые отрезки из основного текста:

25. artificial language designed for that system is ...

26. there is a trend towards language with free format

27. the fields of computers and communications are merging

28. language barrier hinders man-machine communication

29. program optimisation is of crucial importance

30. the idea of sharing programs across different hardware platforms

13. the booming of brand new programming languages can ...

14. to adapt currently available popular programming languages was. 9- to gain access to important distinctions of computing is ...

13. used, utilized

14. at the beginning, originally

15. kind, class

16. a number, mass

17. ask, demand

13. absorb, consume

14. control, observe

15. development, step

16. finish, perform

17. collection, examples

is...