- •Psychology
- •Contents
- •Передмова
- •Part I. Introducing psychology Text 1. Special Fields of Psychology
- •Assignments
- •Text 2. Physiological Psychology
- •Assignments
- •Text 3. Gestalt Psychology
- •Assignments
- •Text 4. Social Psychology
- •Assignments
- •Part II. Family psychology Text 1. Family Relations
- •Assignments
- •Text 2. Cohabitation.
- •Assignments
- •Text 3. Family Problems
- •Assignments:
- •Text 4. Single-Parent Families
- •Assignments
- •Text 5. Stepfamilies
- •Assignments
- •Text 6. Ten Tips for Building a Marriage
- •Assignments
- •Text 7.The Difficult Child
- •Assignments
- •Text 8. Handling Aggressive Children
- •Assignments
- •Агресивні діти
- •Part III. Psychology of sex relations. Behavioral therapies.
- •3.1 Psychology of sex relations Text 1.Can Men and Women Be Friends?
- •Assignments
- •Text 2. Men and Women Really do Think Differently
- •Assignments
- •Text 3. Psychological Problems of Sex Relations
- •Assigments
- •3.2. Behavioral therapies Text 1. The Approaches to Therapy.
- •Assignments
- •Text 2. Reciprocal Inhibition
- •Assignments
- •Text 3. Desensitization in Real Life Situations
- •Assignments
- •Text 4. Other Methods of Treating Psychological Disorders.
- •Assignments
- •Text 5. Assertive Training
- •Assignments
- •Part IV. Temperament. Emotions
- •4.1 Temperament Text1. Personality: What is Temperament?
- •Assignments
- •Text 2.The Four Temperaments in General
- •Assignments
- •Text 3. How to Define Your Temperament
- •Assignments
- •Text 4. Personality and Handwriting
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Assignments
- •Text 5. Left-Handed People
- •Assignments
- •Про що можливо дізнатися з почерку?
- •4.2 Emotions Тext 1. What Are Emotions?
- •Assignments
- •Text 2. Kinds of Emotions
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Assignments
- •Text 3. Loving
- •Assignments
- •Text 4. Fear and Anger
- •Assignments
- •Text 5. Long-Тerm Arousal
- •Assignments
- •Text 6. Attributions
- •Assignments
- •Text 7. Locus of Control
- •Assignments
- •Part V. Human feelings. Phobias.
- •5.1 Human feelings. Text 1. Our Feelings as the Motor of Our Life
- •Assignments
- •Text 2. How do We Loose Our Feelings?
- •Assignments
- •Text 3. Negative Feelings
- •Assignments
- •Text 4. Find Constructive Ways to Release Your Anger
- •Assignments
- •Text 5. Shyness is a Common Social Problem
- •Assignments
- •Text 6. What is Modesty?
- •Assignments
- •5.2 Phobias Text 1. Social Phobia
- •Assignments
- •Text 2. Facts about Phobias
- •Assignments
- •Text 3. Social Phobia in Children
- •Text 4. Panic
- •Assignments
- •Part VI. Stress Text 1. Types of Stress
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Assignments
- •Text 2. Common Stress Symptoms
- •Assignments
- •Text 3. Stress Areas
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Assignments
- •Text 4. Priorities in Managing Stress
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Assignments
- •Text 5. Stress Management and Communication
- •Assignments
- •Text 6. Stress Management Techniques
- •Assignments
- •Text 7. Steps to Combat Stress
- •Assignments
- •Part VII.Sleep and dreams. Memory and brain.
- •7.1. Sleep and dreams Text 1. Sleep
- •Assignments
- •Text 2. The Mystery of Sleep
- •Assignments
- •Text 3 . Sweet Dreams
- •Assignments
- •Text 4. The Meaning of Dreams
- •Assignments
- •Text 5. Freud and Dreams
- •Assignments
- •Text 6. Body Clock
- •Assignments
- •7.2 Memory and brain. Text 1. Memory
- •Assignments
- •Text 2. Inside the Brain.
- •Assignments
- •Text 3. Hypnotherapy
- •Assignments
- •Part VIII. Psychology of learning. Psychology in work.
- •8.1 Psychology of learning. Text 1. Asociation Learning
- •Assignments
- •Text 2. Treating Phobias.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Assignments
- •Text 3. Operant Conditioning
- •Assignments
- •Text 4. Imitation and Modelling
- •Assignments
- •Text 5. Schemas
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Assignments
- •Text 6. The Triarchic Theory of Intelligence
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Assignments
- •8.2. Psychology in work Text 1. Psychological Theories about Unemployment and Retirement
- •Latent functions of working
- •Assignments
- •Text 2. Retirement and Responsibility
- •Assignments
- •Text 3. Leadership
- •Assignments
- •Text 4. Choosing People for Jobs
- •Assignments
- •Список літератури
Vocabulary notes
Pressure
1. An attempt to persuade someone by using influence, arguments, or threats : e. g. They are putting pressure on people to vote yes. He exerts pressure on this kids to get them to do as he wants.
2. A way of working or living that causes you a lot of anxiety, especially because you feel you have too many things to do : e. g. I’m under constant pressure at work. The pressure of work can make you ill. Employees do their job well under pressure (who perform well when they are anxious).
Assignments
I. Memorise the following words and phrases:
challenge |
складне завдання, проблема, виклик |
to meet the challenge |
прийняти виклик |
challenging project |
проект, виконання якого потребує великих зусиль |
to build up |
накопичувати, зосереджувати сили |
to release adrenaline |
виділяти адреналін |
to dilate |
розширювати |
pupil |
зіниця (ока) |
muscles tense |
м’язи напружуються |
heart pounds |
серце калатається |
to take advantage of smb. |
перехитрити когось, експлуатувати когось |
to take advantage of smth. |
скористатись з чогось, зловживати чимсь |
alarm reaction |
реакція тревоги |
to manifest |
виявляти, проявляти |
to unsettle |
вибивати з колії, засмучувати |
to feel vulnerable |
почуватися уразливим |
anxiety |
тривога, неспокій, турбота, страх |
anxious |
стурбований, стривожений, занепокоєний |
II. Suggest the Ukrainian equivalents of the phrases below:
to manage stress; to reach peak efficiency; to do one’s best work when under pressure; to enjoy one’s achievements; to build up the physical and emotional reserves; muscles tense; heart beats normally; blood pressure rises / lowers; stomach tenses / relaxes; stress response; to handle the situation; hands become cold and clammy; to feel taken advantage of; to feel uncertain about one’s future; to feel burdened by financial difficulties; with negative stress our body stays geared up and doesn’t relax; threat to our physical being; traffic accident; physical injury; to increase heart rates; the stressful situation is overcome; our body returns to normal.
III. Find English equivalents to the following phrases:
стресову ситуацію подолано; загроза нашому фізичному існуванню; відчувати тягар фінансової скрути; почуватися непевно щодо майбутнього; почуватися обманутим; накопичувати фізичні та емоційні резерви; м’язи напружуються; тиск підвищується / знижується; реакція на стрес; керувати ситуацією; фізичне пошкодження; прискорювати серцевий ритм.
IV. Translate the following sentences and identify grammar forms which they contain:
1. Mental stress is harder to identify and manage.
2. Mental and emotional stress are difficult to cope with.
3. Getting a new job and being assigned a particularly challenging project are examples of good stress.
4. We feel taken advantage of for an extended period of time.
V. Answer the questions:
1. What is stress?
2. What is one of the key elements of positive stress?
3. Many people do their best work when under pressure. What does it mean?
4. What do people feel if they experience positive stress?
5. What is our physical stress response when we meet challenging situations?
6. What does negative stress cause?
7. Compare physical reaction to negative and positive stress.
8. What basic types of stress do you know? Speak about each of them in detail
VI. Translate into English:
1. Негативний стрес трапляється, коли ми почуваємося обманутими, непевно щодо майбутнього, або відчуваємо тягар фінансової скрути.
2. Під час негативного стресу наше тіло не розслаблюється і тому, коли стрес переходить у хронічну форму - страждає наше фізичне та емоційне здоров’я.
3. Вивільнений адреналін напружує наші м’язи, розширює зіниці та прискорює серцевий ритм.
4. Фізичний стрес трапляється у разі виникнення загрози нашому фізичному існуванню.
5. Ментальний та емоційний стреси долають нас, коли щось загрожує нашій безпеці, коли ми намагаємося пристосуватися до змін, коли ми втрачаємо контроль та почуваємося уразливими, коли наші очікування не здійснюються.