7. Control:

7.1. An assessment of competences – knowledge.

7.1.1. Oral poll concerning a subject.

7.1.2. Test control – 3 options on 10 questions.

7.1.3. Classify mutations depending on level of damages of a genetic material:

7.1.4. To represent types genomic mutations and to explain mechanisms and their emergence.

I (normal) II (mentioning autosomes) III (mentioning sexual chromosomes )

44хх 44xy

2 2х 22х 22х 22у

44хх, 44хх , 44ху, 44ху

7.1.5. Define mutation types:

	Kariotype	Mutation types
1.	45,XО
2.	47,XY,+13
3.	47,ХХ,+18,
4.	47,ХХ,+21
5.	49, ХХХУ

7.1.6. In a mitosis anaphase at the person didn't disperse: а) one pair chromosomes; б) two pairs chromosomes. Define quantity of chromosomes in daughter cells.

7.2. An assessment of competences – legal competence.

7.2.1. The law RK from 23.04.1998 N 219-I «About radiating safety of the population».

7.2.2. RK 09.01.2007 N 212 code – III «The ecological code of RK» (Chapter 40).

Lesson №. 2

1. Theme: Chromosomal mutations. Gene (pointing) mutations

2. Purpose: to create at students of knowledge of the reasons of emergence and mechanisms of formation of chromosomal and gene mutations, their role in development of chromosomal and gene diseases.

3. Problems of training:

- to study the reasons of emergence of chromosomal and gene mutations;

- to study types of chromosomal and gene mutations;

- to study mechanisms of development of chromosomal and gene mutations;

- to study a role of chromosomal and gene mutations in emergence of chromosomal and gene diseases.

4. Main questions of a subject:

4.1. Chromosomal mutations, reasons, classification.

4.2. Chromosomal mutations, emergence mechanisms.

4.3. Gene mutations, reasons, classification.

4.4. Mutations as an error of replication, mechanisms and developments.

4.5. Mutations as shift of a frame of reading, development mechanisms.

4.6. Mechanisms of development of hereditary diseases at different types of hereditary diseases.

5. Training methods: the combined method of training (conversation, filling of tables, a sketch of schemes, the solution of situational tasks)

6. Literature:

The main:

6.1. Zhimulev I.B. General and molecular genetics. Novosibirsk, 2006, page 51-77, page 224-233.

6.2. Genetics. Under the editorship of Ivanov V. I. M, 2006. page 164-173, 219-267.

6.3. Medical biology and genetics under the editorship of prof. Kuandykov E.U. Almaty, 2004, page 116- 129.

6.4. Muminov T.A., Kuandykov E.U. Bases of molecular biology (course of lectures). Almaty,2007, page 143-169.

6.5. Mushkambarov N. N., Kuznetsov S. L. Molecular biology. M, 2003, page 78-82.

The additional:

6.1. Ayala F., Kayger Dzh. Modern genetics. M, 1988, page 8-67.

7.1.3. Fill the scheme: Types of a mutation

7.1.4. Define mutation types:

	Kariotype	Types of chromosomal mutations
1.	46,XX,del(5p
2.	46,XY,dup(ll)(ql2)
3.	46,XY,inv(10)(pl3ql2
4.	45,XX,rob (14q21q)
5.	46,ХХ, г(16)
6.	46,ХХ, t(2;4)(q21;q21)
7.	46,ХХ/47,ХХ,+21

7.1.5. To represent types chromosomal mutations and to explain mechanisms of their emergence:

7.1.6. Fill the table: Classification of gene mutations by consequences:

	Types of gene mutations	Description of the mechanism of gene mutations
1.	Neutral mutations
2.	Missens-mutations
3.	Nonsense mutations
4.	Regulatory mutations
5.	Dynamic mutations

7.1.7. Tasks: No. 1. The composition of hemoglobin of the person includes two  - chains (the -chain is coded in the 16th chromosome) and two -chains (the -chain is coded in the 11th chromosome). The structure of a -chain includes 146 aminoacids remains, thus in a normal -chain the sixth aminoacsids rest is glutamin acid. With participation of a normal -chain normal hemoglobin – HbA is formed. In a transcribed thread of a site of DNA coding a -chain, glutamine acid is coded by a triplet ________. If as a result of a mutation in DNA there will be a replacement of a triplet of GAA by GTA triplet, on a place of glutamin acid in a hemoglobin molecule according to a genetic code will appear _________. As a result instead of HbA hemoglobin there will be a new hemoglobin – replacement only one nucleotide and one amino acid leads HbS. Replacement only one nucleotide and one amino acid leads to development of a serious illness – ______________________. It ________________ mutation.

7.1.8. To represent types of gene mutations and to explain mechanisms of their emergence.

7.1.9. To represent and characterize types of mutations depending on level of violation of a genetic material of a cage (genomic, chromosomal, gene).

Lesson №. 3

1. Theme: DNA reparation

2. Purpose: to create at students of knowledge of molecular bases and mechanisms of restoration of violations of structure and DNA function.

3. Problems of training:

- to study types of damages of a molecule of DNA and mechanisms of their emergence,

- to study types and mechanisms of restoration of normal structure and DNA function,

- to study types and levels of protective anti-mutational mechanisms of an organism,

- to study a role of violations of processes of a reparation of DNA in emergence of hereditary diseases.

4. Main questions of a subject:

4.1. Anti-mutational barriers.

4.2. Reparation, types of a reparation and their mechanisms:

- photoreaktivisation;

- excisional repair;

- postreplikative repair;

- Miss - match repair;

- SOS- repair.

4.3. Biological and medical value of a reparation of DNA.

5. Training methods: the combined method of training (conversation, filling of tables, the solution of situational tasks)

6. Literature:

The main:

6.1. Genetics. Under the editorship of Ivanov V. I. M, 2006, page 164-181.

6.2. Muminov T.A., Kuandykov E.U. Bases of molecular biology (course of lectures). Almaty, 2007, page 156-157.

6.3. Mushkambarov N. N., Kuznetsov S. L. Molecular biology. M., 2003, page 78-82.

6.4. Shchipkov V.P., Krivosheina G. N. General and medical genetics. M, 2003, page 132-133.

The additional:

6.1. Gaynutdinov I.K., Ruban E.D. Medical genetics. Rostov-on-Don, 2007, page 170-173.

6.2. Tinmen V.D.Reparation of DNA and its biological value. L., 1979, page 285-293.

6.3. R.G.Obshchaya's hare and medical genetics. Rostov - on Don, 2002, page 137-143.

6.4. Spivak I.M. Hereditary diseases with primary and secondary defects of a reparation of DNA.//Cytology, 1999, т.41, page 338-379.