- •Kursk state medical university
- •V.I. Narolina, I.F. Shamara
- •Communication in doctor’s profession Kursk – 2008
- •Государственное образовательное учреждение
- •Содержание contents
- •Предисловие
- •Методика работы с учебным пособием
- •Рекомендации студенту
- •Unit I. Discussing the medical profession
- •Раздел I. Беседуем о профессии врача методические рекомендации по работе с материалами раздела
- •Коммуникативные задания
- •Terms and Speech Patterns
- •Speech Patterns:
- •My Future Profession
- •Not only by the Drugs
- •Becoming a Doctor Pre-reading
- •What Happens at a Medical School
- •Task 2. Summary Writing
- •Task 3.
- •Task 4.
- •The pediatrician
- •Case history
- •The physician
- •Case history
- •The surgeon
- •Case history
- •The general practitioner
- •Case history
- •The doctor in the Third World
- •Case history
- •The intensive care doctor
- •Case history
- •The terminal care doctor
- •Case history
- •The doctor and the law
- •Alternative medicine
- •Case history
- •Unit II. Communication of a doctor with a patient
- •Раздел II. Общение врача с больным методические рекомендации по работе с материалами раздела
- •Коммуникативные задания
- •Terms and Speech Patterns
- •Adjectives:
- •General symptoms:
- •Doctor-Patient Interaction Asking the Patient about the Present Illness
- •Physical Examination of a Patient (Giving commands)
- •Additional / Further Examination & Treatment Laboratory and Instrumental Studies
- •Consulting Specialists
- •Suggesting Hospitalization
- •Case History (Main Points)
- •Illness: described as to the time of onset, mode of onset, duration,
- •2. Nose, throat: running nose/caryzo/nasal cold ;sore
- •Enquiring into the Case History (Speech Models)
- •Pain characteristics
- •Intensity
- •E. Personal History:
- •Texts and dialogues At the Doctor’s Consulting Room
- •At the Polyclinics
- •Summoning a Doctor
- •Talk between a Mother (m), her Son (s) and the Doctor (d)
- •Examination of the Patient
- •Taking a Case History
- •Asking about the Present Complaints
- •Аsking about Pain Characteristics
- •At the Cardiologist’s
- •Asking about the Personal History & the Present Illness
- •System Review
- •Details of the Present Condition
- •Disorders Accompanying the Main Disease
- •Examining the Patient (Giving Commands)
- •Consilium on Investigations
- •Diagnosis and Treatment (Explaining to the patient)
- •Giving Advice
- •Unit III. Discussing the work of a hospital
- •Раздел III. Обсуждаем работу больницы методические рекомендации по работе с материалами раздела
- •Коммуникативные задания
- •Terms and Speech Patterns Polyclinics/Out-patient Department
- •Speech Models:
- •Medical Personnel
- •Paramedical Personnel
- •Junior Medical Personnel
- •Hospital
- •Verbs and Verb Combinations
- •Speech Models
- •Texts and Dialogues District Polyclinic
- •Interviewing the Doctor-in- Chief about the Work of the Polyclinic
- •At the Registry
- •District Doctor’s Work
- •District Doctor’s Working Day
- •Combined City Hospital
- •Interviewing the Doctor-in-Chief about the work of the Hospital
- •Work of an In-Patient Department
- •Visiting an In-Patient
- •Unit IV. Discussing the work of a chemist’s shop
- •Раздел IV. Беседуем о работе аптеки методические рекомендации по работе с материалами раздела
- •Коммуникативные задания
- •Terms and Speech Patterns
- •Drug Classes
- •Verbs and Verb Combinations:
- •Speech Patterns
- •Texts and Dialogues At the Chemist’s
- •Medicines and Medical Commodities
- •Voltaren
- •Indications
- •At the Ready-Made Medicine Department
- •At the Prescription Department
- •At a Hospital Chemist’s
- •At the University Chemist’s
- •Unit V. Discussing national health services in russia, usa, uk
- •Раздел V. Обсуждаем организацию систем здравоохранения в россии, сша, великобритании методические рекомендации по работе с материалами раздела
- •Коммуникативные задания
- •Public health institutions list
- •Management in preventive medicine (medico-sanitary) work
- •Texts and Dialogues Medical Service in Russia
- •An Interview on Medical Service in Russia
- •The National Health Service in Great Britain
- •Practitioner Services
- •Family Doctor Service
- •Professional Training
- •National Health Services in the United Kingdom
- •Medical Service in the usa
- •Health Services in the usa Situation for intercultural communication: a Russian doctor comes to the usa for a tour and speaks to an American guide about the problems of health services in the usa
- •Unit VI. Discussing scientific aspects of medicine
- •Раздел VI. Участвуем в научном общении ученых-медиков методические рекомендации по работе с материалами раздела
- •Коммуникативные задания
- •Terms and Speech Patterns Scientific Knowledge
- •Adjectives:
- •Speech Models
- •Rendering a Scientific Paper
- •Discussing an Article Starting the Сonversation
- •Discussing the Contents
- •Making Things Clear
- •Impressions
- •Closing the Discussion
- •Opening the Discussion
- •Conducting the Conference
- •Closing the Conference
- •Presenter Giving his Paper (Report)
- •Some Words Linking Ideas
- •Interaction between the Participants and the Speaker after his Report Participants Addressing the Chairman and the Speaker
- •The Speaker’s Replies
- •Some Notes for Speakers
- •Fragments of Scientific Correspondence
- •Appendix I
- •Speech Models
- •Size, Shape, Colour, Texture Characteristics
- •Speech Models
- •The Human Body
- •Speech Models
- •Muscular-Skeletal System
- •Cardiovascular System
- •Аррendix II
- •Physiological Processes and Changes
- •Приложение II
- •Описание физиологических процессов и изменений
- •Speech Моdels
- •Appendix ііi General Symptoms and Adverse Reactions: Приложение ііi
- •Пожелание студенту
- •Список литературы
- •305041, Г. Курск, ул. К. Маркса, 3.
- •305041, Г. Курск, ул. К. Маркса, 3.
Case history
Tom, aged eight months, was brought to the pediatrician with a cough. Tom had had the cough since he was born. Tom’s family lived on the thirteenth floor of an apartment building. The building had been built in the 1960s and was now damp, dirty and run-down. Tom’s father had left his mother three months ago. She was miserable, smoked twenty cigarettes a day and did not take Tom out much. The pediatrician saw that Tom was thin and small for his age. Tom was not seriously ill but he had a chest infection.
The pediatrician gave Tom antibiotics for his chest infection. Two weeks later he was ill again with the same problem. Poor housing, damp air and cigarette smoke had all helped to cause Tom’s illness. Tom would not get better unless some of these “root causes” were removed.
The physician
Doctors have always divided themselves into surgeons and physicians. The surgeon’s tool is the scalpel; the physician’s tool has traditionally been the drug. The surgeons were originally barber-surgeons who cut people’s hair and performed other cutting procedures (such as draining abscesses) at the same time. The physicians thought that they were cleverer and more cultured than the surgeons. In fact, people did not think of surgeons as doctors at all! In ancient times, physicians did not touch the human body directly. They decided what was wrong with the patient by asking questions and looking at body fluids such as urine, phlegm and vomit. In ancient times, physicians used herbs to treat patients. More recently, as the sciences of chemistry and pharmacology developed, they began to use artificial chemicals or drugs.
Case history
In 1992, Alan Jenkins, aged fifty-fife, collapsed with a heart attack. His general practitioner came quickly, and gave him an aspirin tablet while he waited for the ambulance to arrive. At the hospital, the doctors gave Mr. Jenkins an infusion of streptokinase into his vein, as well as the traditional drug morphine for pain. Within a week Mr. Jenkins was back home and walking about. After six weeks he was back at work. He now takes an aspirin every day to protect him against further damage due to blood clots.
The surgeon
By the early twentieth century surgeons were able to cure many patients by removing diseased parts of the body. They had earned the trust and respect of the general public. The surgeon had changed from a dangerous butcher to a wise and skillful professional. He had the unique authority to cut into the living human body. Many people thought of surgeons as perfect and god-like. Surgeons enjoyed their reputations and some of them even began to believe in their own perfection.
In the late 1970s, surgeons began to see that major operations caused major stress to the sick patient. Patients, more aware of their rights over their bodies and influenced by alternative medicine, demanded gentler forms of treatment.
The era of minimally invasive therapy began in the early 1980s. Surgeons tried to operate through smaller incisions which healed more quickly.
In the past, people said that the surgeon had “the eye of an eagle, the strength of a giant, and the hand of a lady.” The modern surgeon must also, perhaps, be skilled in the art of self-restraint. Until a few years ago, people judged the surgeon’s skill by how deep he could cut and how much he could remove. Today, we judge the surgeon not by what he removes but by what he leaves intact. Minimally invasive therapy has, thankfully, replaced the heroic surgery of the past.