Eugenia Nekrasova
Part 4
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The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives |
Plural |
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and Adjectival words in the Plural |
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THE GENITIVE PLURAL OF NOUNS |
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the |
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Within the Plural declension of nouns special attention has to be paid to |
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in |
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the most frequent but irregular forms - the Genitive Plural forms of nouns. |
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These forms have to be treated separately and in first |
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Words |
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The formation of the Genitive Plural of nouns is based mainly on the |
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Adjectival |
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Nominative Singular forms, and only in limited number of cases it is |
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based on the Nominative Plural forms. You can find the formation of the |
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Nominative Plural of nouns in Part 2. |
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The Genitive Plural noun endings can be grouped as follows: |
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and |
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Adjectives |
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«zero ending» |
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group |
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-îâ group |
много машин |
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100 ìåòðîâ |
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-åé group |
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Nouns, |
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-èé group |
100 ðóáëåé |
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много |
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-åâ group |
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фотографèé |
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много |
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японцåâ |
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The Declension of |
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Part 4 |
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page 41 |
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Eugenia Nekrasova
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar
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Group 1 |
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Plural |
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-îâ group |
This group includes only the Masculine hard stem |
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Model |
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nouns: |
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100 ìåòðîâ |
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thein |
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Nom. Singular |
Gen. Plural |
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ìåòð |
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100 ìåòðîâ |
доллар 100 долларîâ |
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100 meters |
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100 dollars |
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÷àñ |
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â 10 ÷àñîâ |
ëèñò |
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100 ëèñòîâ |
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at 10 o`clock |
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100 sheets |
Adjectival |
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километр |
100 километрîâ |
óðîê |
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много урокîâ |
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100 kilometers |
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a lot of lessons |
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ëèòð |
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100 ëèòðîâ |
ïàðê |
много паркîâ |
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100 liters |
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a lot of parks |
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процент |
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100 процентîâ |
ãðèá |
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много грибîâ |
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Adjectives |
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100 percent |
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a lot of mushrooms |
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Also some common Plural - only nouns: |
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etc. |
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î÷êè |
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áåç î÷êîâ - without glasses |
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джинсû |
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нет джинсîâ - no jeans |
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Nouns, |
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переговорû во время переговорîâ - during the negotiations |
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выборû |
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после выборîâ - after the elections |
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÷àñû |
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íåò ÷àñîâ - no watch |
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of |
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мемуарû |
много мемуарîâ - a lot of memoirs |
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DeclensionThe |
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аплодисментû много аплодисментîâ - a lot of applause |
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äóõè |
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флакон духîâ - a bottle of perfume |
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консервû |
коробка консервîâ - a box of canned food |
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Лужникè |
в районе Лужникîâ - near Luzhniki (Moscow area) |
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Part 4 |
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page 42 |
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Eugenia Nekrasova
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar
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Group 2 |
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Pluralthe |
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Nom. Singular |
Gen. Plural |
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«zero-ending» group This group includes the hard-stem Feminine |
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Model |
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nouns with à - ending in the Nominative Singular: |
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много машин |
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машинà |
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много машин - a lot of cars |
in |
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Words |
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собакà |
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много собак - a lot of dogs |
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женщинà |
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много женщин - a lot of women |
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проблемà |
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много проблем - a lot of problems |
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êíèãà |
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много êíèã - a lot of books |
Adjectival |
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the final consonants for easier pronounciation |
h |
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минутà |
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10 минут - 10 minutes |
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тысячà |
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10 тысяч - 10 thousand |
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î and å can be introduced between |
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Notice! |
and |
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ошибкà |
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много ошибок - a lot of mistakes |
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ìàðêà |
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100 марок - 100 marks/poststamps |
Adjectives |
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ìåñòî |
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íåò ìåñò - no seats |
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ïà÷êà |
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10 пачек - 10 packs |
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копейкà |
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10 копеек - 10 kopecks etc. |
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The hard-stem Neuter nouns (î - ending nouns) : |
Nouns, |
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îêíî |
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много îêîí - a lot of windows |
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îçåðî |
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много îç¸ð - a lot of lakes |
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ñëîâî |
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много ñëîâ - a lot of words |
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of |
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ÿéöî |
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12 ÿèö - twelve eggs etc. |
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деревнÿ |
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много деревень - a lot of villages |
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Declension |
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The Feminine ÿ |
- ending nouns can also be considered a part |
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of the «zero-ending» group: |
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неделÿ |
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5 недель - 5 weeks |
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äûíÿ |
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много äûíü - a lot of honey-melons |
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The |
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Part 4 |
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page 43 |
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Eugenia Nekrasova
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar
The «zero-ending» group also includes some commonly used Masculine nouns:
Nom. Singular |
= |
Gen. Plural |
îäèí человек |
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10 человек - 10 people/persons |
îäèí ðàç |
много ðàç - many times |
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Coll. îäèí грамм |
100 грамм - 100 grams |
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Coll. îäèí килограмм |
10 килограмм - 10 kilograms |
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îäèí цыган |
много цыган - a lot of Gypsies |
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Also -èí words denoting people:
мусульманèí |
много мусульман - many muslims |
and other words like: |
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россиянèí - много россиян - a lot of Russian people христианèí - много христиан - a lot of Christians крестьянèí - много крестьян - a lot of peasants англичанèí - много англичан - a lot of English people датчанèí - много датчан - a lot of Danes гражданèí - ó граждан - citizens have... etc.
Nouns from the «baby» group:
Nom. Plural |
Gen. Plural |
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ребятà |
много ребят - a lot of children |
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котятà |
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5 котят - 5 kittens |
цыплятà |
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много цыплят - a lot of chicken etc. |
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Also хозяевà |
íåò хозяев - no owners |
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яблокè |
много яблок - a lot of apples |
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N. |
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имя имена много èì¸í - a lot of names |
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Part 4 |
page 44 |
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The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival Words in the Plural
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A Basic Modern Russian Grammar |
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Nekrasova |
The «zero-ending» group includes the following Plural-only nouns: |
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Nom. Plural Gen. Plural |
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деньгè |
много денег - a lot of money |
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воротà |
около ворот - near the gate |
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Eugenia |
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ножницû |
íåò ножниц - no scissors |
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ñàíêè |
íåò санок - no sledge |
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каникулû |
после каникул - after the vacation |
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похоронû |
после похорон - after the funeral |
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äðîâà |
íåò äðîâ - no firewood |
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сливкè |
пачка сливок - a pack of cream |
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ñóòêè |
äâîå суток - two days (and nights) |
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Àëüïû |
в районе Àëüï - near the Alps |
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Курилû |
в районе Курил - near the Kuril islands |
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Филиппинû около Филиппин - near the Philippines
Group 3
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-åé group |
This group includes the soft - stem Masculine |
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and Feminine nouns (ending in the soft - sign |
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Model 100 ðóáëåé |
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or a hissing consonant ÷, æ, ù, ø): |
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Nom. Singular |
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Gen. Plural |
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ðóáëü |
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100 рублей - 100 roubles |
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M. |
äåíü |
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10 äíåé - 10 days |
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M. |
ãîñòü |
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много гостей - a lot of guests |
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M. |
учителü |
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много учителей - a lot of teachers |
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Part 4 |
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page 45 |
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The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival Words in the Plural
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A Basic Modern Russian Grammar |
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Nekrasova |
Nom. Singular |
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Gen. Plural |
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âðà÷ |
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много врачåé - a lot of doctors |
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F. |
новостü |
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много новостåé - a lot of news |
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Eugenia |
F. |
тетрадü |
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10 тетрадåé - 10 notebooks |
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ìûøü |
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много мышåé - a lot of mice |
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F. |
íî÷ü |
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5 íî÷åé - 5 nights |
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F. |
лошадü |
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много лошадåé - a lot of horses |
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The Neuter å - ending nouns:
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ïîëå |
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много полåé - a lot of fields |
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ìîðå |
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ïÿòü ìîðåé - 5 seas |
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Special case |
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Nom. Singular Nom. Plural |
Gen. Plural |
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äðóã |
äðóçüÿ |
много друзåé - a lot of friends |
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ñûí |
сыновüÿ |
много сыновåé - a lot of sons |
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äåòè |
много детåé - a lot of children |
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ëþäè |
много людåé - a lot of people |
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соседè |
много соседåé - a lot of neighbours |
F. |
ìàòü |
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ìàòåðè |
ó ìàòåðåé - mothers have |
F. |
äî÷ü |
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äî÷åðè |
5 äî÷åðåé - 5 daughters |
Part 4 |
page 46 |
The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival Words in the Plural
Eugenia Nekrasova
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar
Group 4 |
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-åâ group |
To this group belong Masculine nouns ending |
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Model |
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in -åö and -é in the Nominative Singular: |
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много японцåâ |
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Nom. Singular |
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Gen. Plural |
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ÿïîíåö |
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много японцåâ - a lot of Japanese |
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иностранåö много иностранцåâ - a lot of foreigners |
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(«å» is fleeting) |
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ìåñÿö |
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10 месяцåâ - 10 months |
ìóçåé |
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много музеåâ - a lot of museums |
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Several Masculine and Neuter nouns having the Plural Nominative ending in -üÿ:
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Nom. Plural |
Gen. Plural |
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деревüÿ |
много деревüåâ - a lot of trees |
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áðàòüÿ |
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много братüåâ - a lot of brothers |
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ñòóëüÿ |
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много стулüåâ - a lot of chairs |
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ëèñòüÿ |
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много листüåâ - a lot of leaves |
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Group 5 |
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-èé group |
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This small group includes Feminine nouns |
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Model |
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ending in -èÿ, -üÿ and the Neuter Nouns ending |
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in -èå in the Nominative Singular: |
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много фотографèé |
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Nom. Singular |
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Gen. Plural |
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F. фотографèÿ |
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много фотографèé - a lot of photos |
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F. иллюстрацèÿ |
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много иллюстрацèé - a lot of illustrations |
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F. ñåìüÿ |
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много семåé - a lot of families |
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N. çäàíèå |
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много зданèé - a lot of buildings |
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N. предложенèå |
много предложенèé - a lot of sentences, offers |
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N. упражненèå |
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много упражненèé - a lot of exercises |
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N. соревнованèå |
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много соревнованèé - a lot of competitions |
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Part 4 |
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page 47 |
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The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival Words in the Plural