Eugenia Nekrasova
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar
THE DECLENSION OF MASCULINE NOUNS IN THE SINGULAR
All nouns are registered in the dictionaries in the Nominative case form.
Hard-ending Masculine nouns
All Masculine nouns, full first names and place names ending in a hard or hissing consonant decline on the following pattern:
Nom. Ýòî Èâàí.
Gen. Ó Èâàíà есть собака. Ivan has a dog. Dat. Надо позвонить Иванó. I have to call Ivan.
Acc. =Gen.
Type
Èâàí
óðîê
Петербург
ß çíàþ Èâàíà. I know Ivan. Instr. ß åäó ñ Èâàíîì. I go with Ivan.
Prep. Мы говорили об Иванå. We spoke about Ivan.
Mind that the case endings are attached to consonants |
h |
|
but replace vowels, é and ü (soft sign). |
Notice! |
|
|
|
|
Nom. |
óðîê - lesson |
|
Gen. |
после урокà - after the lesson |
|
Dat. |
Он не готов к урокó. He is not ready for the lesson. |
|
Acc. =Nom.
Он пропустил урок. He missed (skipped) the lesson. Instr. перед урокîì - before the lesson
Prep. íà óðîêå - at the lesson
Nom. Это Петербург.
Gen. Он жив¸т недалеко от Петербургà. He lives not far from Petersburg.
Dat. Мы гуляли по Петербургó. We walked about Petersburg.
Acc. =Nom.
Я еду в Петербург. I am going to Petersburg.
Instr. Это рядом с Петербургîì. It is close to Petersburg. Prep. Он жив¸т в Петербургå. He lives in Petersburg.
Part 3 |
page 25 |
The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival words in the Singular
Nekrasova |
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar |
|
Soft-ending Masculine nouns |
||
|
||
|
The ending vowel can vary depending on the stem consonant. |
|
|
If a stem consonant is soft (ends in a soft sign) or ends in é, |
|
Eugenia |
then a Masculine noun declines on the following pattern: |
|
учителü |
||
|
Type |
|
|
Николаé |
Nom. Это Николаé.
Gen. Билеты у Николаÿ. Nikolay has the tickets.
Dat. Надо позвонить Николаþ. I have to call Nikolay.
Acc. = Gen.
Я знаю Николаÿ. I know Nikolay.
Instr. Я еду с Николаåì. I go with Nikolay.
Prep. Мы говорили о Николаå. We spoke about Nikolay.
Nom. Это учителü.
Gen. Книга у учителÿ.
The teacher has the book.
Dat. Надо позвонить учителþ.
I have to call the teacher.
Acc.=Gen.
|
|
Я видел учителÿ. I saw the teacher. |
|
Instr. |
Я еду с учителåì. I go with the teacher. |
|
||
|
Prep. |
Мы говорили об учителå. We spoke about the teacher. |
|
|
|
|
Part 3 |
page 26 |
|
|
|
The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival words in the Singular
Eugenia Nekrasova
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar
Nom. хоккеé
Gen. Сегодня нет хоккеÿ. There is no hockey today.
Dat. чемпионат мира по хоккеþ - World hockey championship
Acc. = Nom.
Он любит хоккеé. - He is fond of hockey.
Instr. Он занимается хоккеåì. He goes in for hockey. Prep. Он говорит только о хоккеå. He talks only of hockey.
Summing-up table of hard and soft Masculine case endings
|
«Hard» |
«Soft» |
|
Gen. |
à |
ÿ |
Èâàíà/Николаÿ |
Dat. |
ó |
þ |
Èâàíó/Николаþ |
Instr. |
îì |
åì |
Èâàíîì/Николаåì |
|
|
|
|
THE ACCUSATIVE OF MASCULINE NOUNS IN THE SINGULAR
The Accusative of Masculine nouns does not have any special ending. Here Russians use the concept of Animacy and Inanimacy.
Animate nouns, which are nouns denoting human beings and representatives of the animal world, take the form of the Genitive case.
E.g. |
|
Ýòî Èâàí. - Nom. |
|
ßвидел Иванà. - Acc.
Это крокодил. - Nom.
ßвидел крокодилà. - Acc.
àÿ 
Part 3 |
page 27 |
The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival words in the Singular
Eugenia Nekrasova
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar
Inanimate nouns take the form of the Nominative case, so the AccusativeSingular of inanimate nouns does not differ from the dictionary form, for example:
|
|
|
|
|
Acc. |
Я пропустил óðîê. |
|
|
|
the |
|
|
|
Summing-up table of Masculine nouns and names in the Accusative |
|||||||||
|
|
in |
|||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
words |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accusative of |
Accusative of |
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
Animates=Genitive |
Animates=Genitive |
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
Я видел Иванà. |
Я пропустил урок. |
|
|
Adjectivaland |
|||
|
|
Some special case endings of the Masculine nouns in the |
Singular |
||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
Я видел Николаÿ. |
Я люблю хоккей. |
|
|
|||
|
|
|
Я видел крокодилà. |
Я еду в Петербург. |
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
Я видел учителÿ. |
Я люблю дождь. |
|
|
|||
|
|
ïîë |
íà ïîë˜ - on the floor |
|
|
|
|
Adjectives |
|||
|
There is a group of Masculine nouns denoting a place h |
|
|||||||||
|
|
which take ˜/þ instead of e in the Prepositional Case. Notice! |
|
||||||||
|
|
Here are some of them: |
|
|
|
|
|
Nouns,of |
|||
|
|
ãîä |
â 1985 ãîä˜ - in 1985 |
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
ñàä |
Мы сидели в сад˜. We were sitting in the garden. |
|
|||||||
|
|
ïîðò |
â ïîðò˜ - in the port |
|
|
|
|
Declension |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
аэропорт в аэропорт˜ - at the airport |
|
||||||||
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
ëåñ |
Мы гуляли в лес˜. We walked in the forest. |
|
|
||||||
|
|
øêàô |
Папки в шкаф˜. The files are in the bookcase. |
|
The |
||||||
|
|
||||||||||
|
|
ìîñò |
Íà ìîñò˜ пробка. There is a traffic jam on the bridge. |
|
|||||||
|
|
|
|
||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Part 3 |
|
|
|
|
|
page 28 |
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|