Eugenia Nekrasova
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar
The Possessive pronouns in the Plural |
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my |
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our |
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M. |
ìîé |
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M. |
íàø |
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F. |
ìîÿ |
ìîè |
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F. |
íàøà |
íàøè |
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N. |
ìî¸ |
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ìîè ключи |
N. |
íàøå |
íàøè ключи |
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- my keys |
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- our keys |
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your from «âû» |
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your from «òû» |
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M. |
âàø |
Plural |
M. |
òâîé |
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F. |
âàøà |
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âàøè |
F. |
òâîÿ |
òâîè |
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N. |
âàøå |
âàøè ключи |
N. |
òâî¸ |
òâîè ключи |
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- your keys |
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- your keys |
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But his - åãî, her - å¸, their - èõ have only one form for all Genders and Numbers:
åãî ключи - his keys, å¸ ключи - her keys, èõ ключи - their keys
The Demonstrative pronouns in the Plural
M. ýòîò |
Plural |
M. òîò |
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F. ýòà |
ýòè |
F. |
òà |
òå |
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N. ýòî |
ýòè êëþ÷è |
N. òî |
òå êëþ÷è |
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- these keys |
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- those keys |
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M.такой |
Plural |
M. |
какой |
Plural |
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F. такая |
такие |
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F. |
какая |
какие |
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N. такое |
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такие êëþ÷è |
N. |
какое |
Какие идиотû! |
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- this kind of keys |
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- What kind of idiots |
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they are! |
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M.такой же
F.такая же
N.такое же
Part 2
Plural
такие же
такие же êëþ÷è
- same kind of keys
page 21
The Plural of Nouns. The Number Agreement of Russian Nouns.
Eugenia Nekrasova
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A Basic Modern Russian Grammar |
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M. самый дорогой |
Plural |
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F. самая дорогая |
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самые дорогие |
самые дорогие магазинû |
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N. самое дорогое |
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- most expensive shops |
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M. тот самый |
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Plural |
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F. та самая |
те самые |
те самые êëþ÷è - same kind of keys |
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N. то самое |
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Russian |
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The Interrogative Pronouns in the Plural |
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What kind of? |
M. какой? |
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Plural |
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What? |
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F. какая? |
какие? |
Какие у вас планы? |
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N. какое? |
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What are your plans? |
of |
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îäíè - only, alone, a pair of ... |
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Agreement |
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Whose? |
M. ÷åé? |
Plural |
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F. ÷üÿ? |
÷üè? ×üè это ключи? |
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N. ÷ü¸? |
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Whose are these keys? |
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M. îäèí |
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Plural |
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Notice! |
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Number |
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F. îäíà |
îäíè |
îäíè î÷êè - one pair of glasses |
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N. îäíî |
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1 |
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Òàì áûëè îäíè äåòè. |
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The |
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There were only children there. etc. |
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The Plural of Other Characterizing Words - all, the whole |
Nouns. |
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M. âåñü |
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Plural |
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F. âñ¸ |
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âñå |
âñå âåùè - all the things |
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of |
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N. âñÿ |
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âñå ëþäè - all the people |
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F. ñàìà |
ñàìè |
...selves |
îíè ñàìè -they themselves |
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M. ñàì |
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Plural |
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N. ñàìî |
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also многие - many (people) |
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The |
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некоторые - some (people) |
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Part 2 |
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page 22 |
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Eugenia Nekrasova
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar
Part 3
The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives
and Adjectival Words in the Singular
In this part you will learn the main case forms (declension types) of
nouns in the Singular
adjectives and adjectival characterizing words in the Singular
GENERAL OUTLINE OF THE CASE SYSTEM
THE CASE SYSTEM AS THE RESULT OF THE GOVERNING PROCESS
As mentioned in Part 1 there are two main types of relations between the words in a Russian sentence: the Agreement and the Governing.
The Agreement in units was discussed in the first two Parts. Part 3 of the Grammar Book deals with the Governing.
Words and units being put together to form a Russian sentence (to express some idea) are practically never equal.
Some words (or simple constructions) govern other words causing changes in their endings.
Various kinds of endings have been «pigeon-holed» or classified into the cases.
The «governors» are mainly as follows:
verbs with or without prepositions
prepositions
all quantitative words including cardinal numerals from 2
nouns in the qualifying combinations
negative constructions
impersonal constructions
The «subordinates» of the governing process are mainly as follows:
nouns
units (characterizing words + nouns)
personal pronouns
interrogative, indefinite and negative pronouns, based on personal pronouns
numerals, both cardinal and ordinal
Part 3 |
page 23 |
The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival words in the Singular
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A Basic Modern Russian Grammar |
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Nekrasova |
There are 6 cases in Russian: |
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1. The Nominative |
4. The Accusative |
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2. The Genitive |
5. The Instrumental |
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Eugenia |
3. The Dative |
6.The Prepositional |
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The Singular case endings of nouns and units (which are |
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characterizing words + nouns), fall into two main groups: |
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First group |
Second group |
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Masculine & Neuter |
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Feminine |
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The Plural case endings of nouns and units form one group :
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N |
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M |
Plural |
F |
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Special attention has to be paid |
h |
to the mosaic-like Genitive Plural endings of nouns. |
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Notice! |
Try to memorize the case endings
in combinations with prepositions
or verbs most typical for this case.
Part 3 |
page 24 |
The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival words in the Singular