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A Basic Modern Russian Grammar |
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Nekrasova |
Êðûì |
Раньше я жил в Крым˜. I lived before in the Crimea. |
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óãîë |
Коробка стоит в угл˜. The box is in the corner. |
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берег |
Дом стоял на берег˜. The house stood on the bank. |
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àä â àä˜ - in hell |
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Eugenia |
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ðàé â ðàþ - in paradise |
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Some Masculine nouns ending in ö, ÷, ù, ø and æ take -eì |
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ending instead of -oì when the ending is unstressed: |
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ìóæ ñ ì˜æåì |
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иностранец с иностр‚нцåì |
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Some Masculine nouns ending in ü (soft sign) take -¸ì ending in the Instrumental Case:
äåíü |
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Ñ äí¸ì рождения! Happy birthday! |
словарь |
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со словар¸ì - with a dictionary |
THE DECLENSION OF NEUTER NOUNS IN THE SINGULAR
The Neuter nouns have the same |
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case endings as the Masculine nouns |
Notice! |
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Hard ending Neuter nouns
Neuter nouns ending in î decline like the Masculine noun óðîê, for example:
Nom. Âîò ‹çåðî. Here is the lake. Gen. Наша дача недалеко от озерà.
Our summer cottage is not far from the lake. Dat. Это дорога к ‹зерó. This road goes to the lake.
Acc. = Nom.
ß èäó íà ‹çåðî. I am going to the lake.
Instr. Наша дача рядом с ‹зерîì. Our summer cottage is close to the lake.
Prep. Íàøà äà÷à íà ‹çåðå. Our summer cottage is on the lake.
Part 3 |
page 29 |
The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival words in the Singular
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A Basic Modern Russian Grammar |
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Nekrasova |
Neuter nouns ending in -å decline like the soft Masculine noun |
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хоккей, for example: |
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Âîò ìîðå. - Here is the sea. |
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Eugenia |
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Он жив¸т недалеко от морÿ. |
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He lives not far from the sea. |
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Dat. |
Это дорога к морþ. |
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This road goes to the sea. |
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Acc. = Nom.
Я люблю морå. - I like sea. Instr. Он жив¸т рядом с морåì.
He lives close to the sea. Prep. Íàøà äà÷à íà ìîðå.
Our summer cottage is on the sea.
Nom. = Acc. = Prep.
Nom. Это Подмосковьå. - This is the Moscow region Gen. Вот карта Подмосковьÿ.
Here is the map of the Moscow region. Dat. Он много ездит по Подмосковьþ.
He travels a lot about the Moscow region.
Acc. = Nom.
Он хорошо знает Подмосковьå.
He knows the Moscow region very well. Instr. Этот район граничит с Подмосковьåì.
This area borders the Moscow region. Prep. Он жив¸т в Подмосковьå.
He lives in the Moscow region.
Nom. = Acc. = Prep.
Part 3 |
page 30 |
The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival words in the Singular
Eugenia Nekrasova
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar
Neuter nouns ending in -èå, like расписание decline like ìîðå, except for the Prepositional, for example:
Nom. расписаниå - schedule, timetable
Gen. нет расписаниÿ - no schedule
Dat. по расписаниþ - on schedule
Acc. = Nom.
Я видел расписаниå - I saw the schedule
Instr. |
проблемы с расписаниåì |
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- problems with the schedule |
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Notice! |
Prep. |
в расписаниè - in the schedule |
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Several Neuter nouns, like время - time, имя - first name, |
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and some others, decline as follows: |
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Notice! |
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Nom. |
время - time |
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Gen. |
У Ивана нет времåí|è. |
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Ivan has no time. |
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Dat. |
платить по времåí|è - |
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to pay according to time |
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Acc. = Nom.
Он только потерял время. He only lost time.
Instr. У Ивана всегда проблемы со времåí|åì.
Ivan is always short of time.
Prep. Он забыл о времåí|è.
He forgot about time.
Part 3 |
page 31 |
The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival words in the Singular
Eugenia Nekrasova
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar
THE DECLENSION OF FEMININE NOUNS IN THE SINGULAR
Main types of endings
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Type |
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Москвà Òàíÿ |
Россиÿ |
площадü |
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Type Москвà |
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Type Òàíÿ |
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Gen. Вот карта Москвû. |
Nom. Ýòî Òàíÿ. |
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Dat. Мы гуляли по Москвå. |
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Ó Òàíè новая машина. |
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Acc. Я плохо знаю Москвó. |
Dat. |
Надо позвонить Танå. |
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Instr. Мой друг жив¸т под Москвîé. |
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Вы знаете Танþ? |
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Prep.Я живу в Москвå. |
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Instr. ß åäó ñ Òàíåé. |
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Prep. Мы говорим о Танå. |
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Type Россиÿ |
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Вот карта Россиè. |
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Here is the map of Russia. |
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Dat. |
Я много ездил по Россиè. |
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I travelled a lot about Russia. |
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Я приехал в Россиþ год назад. |
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I came to Russia a year ago. |
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Instr. |
Мы подписали договор с Россиåé. |
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We signed a |
treaty with Russia. |
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Prep. Я сейчас живу в Россиè.
Now I live in Russia.
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Type |
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Москвà Òàíÿ |
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Nom. |
-à |
-ÿ,-üÿ |
Gen. |
-û |
-è |
Dat. |
-å |
-å |
Acc. |
-ó |
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Instr. |
-îé |
-åé/¸é |
Prep. |
-å |
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Type площадü
Gen. около площадè - near the square
Dat. по площадè - by the square
Acc. Вы видите площадü? Do you see the square?
Instr. за площадüþ - behind the square
Prep. на площадè - in the square
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Россиÿ площадü |
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-ÿ |
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Gen. |
-è |
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Dat. |
-è |
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Acc. |
-þ |
-ü |
Instr. |
-åé |
-üþ |
Prep. |
-è |
-è |
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Part 3 |
page 32 |
The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival words in the Singular
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A Basic Modern Russian Grammar |
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Nekrasova |
There are 3 additional mixed types of Feminine noun case forms: |
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Mixed types of endings |
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Eugenia |
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-ãà,-êà,-õà |
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-öà |
-øà,-æà, |
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êíèãà |
óëèöà |
Íàòàøà |
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nouns |
nouns |
-÷à,-ùà |
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nouns |
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Type |
Follows Type Москва, |
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êíèãà |
but in the Genitive Case -è is used instead of -û: |
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êíèãà Äîì êíèãè, |
-ãà -ãè |
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Type |
Follows Type Москва, |
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óëèöà but in the Instrumental Case -åé is used instead of -îé: |
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óëèöà çà óëèöåé |
-öà -öåé |
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Type
Íàòàøà Follows Type Москва, but has two irregularities:
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in the Genitive Case -è is spelt instead of -û: |
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Íàòàøà у Наташè, -øà -øè |
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in the Instrumental Case -åé is used instead of -îé: |
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Íàòàøà ñ Íàòàøåé, -øà -øåé: |
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Type «Natural Masculines» follows similar types h |
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of Feminine Nouns, for example: |
Notice! |
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ïàïà like Москвà, дедушêà like êíèãà |
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Êîëÿ like Òàíÿ, Ñåð¸æà like Íàòàøà |
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Part 3 |
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page 33 |
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The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival words in the Singular
Eugenia Nekrasova
A Basic Modern Russian Grammar
Summing-up table of the Masculine and Neuter noun declension in the Singular
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Hard declension |
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Soft declension |
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Èâàí |
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Николай |
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óðîê |
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Nom. |
Nom. |
учитель |
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Петербург |
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ìîðå |
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озеро |
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расписание |
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Николаÿ |
Gen. |
óðîêà |
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учителÿ |
-à |
Петербургà |
-ÿ |
ìîðÿ |
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îçåðà |
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расписаниÿ |
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Èâàíó |
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Николаþ |
Dat. |
óðîêó |
Dat. |
учителþ |
-ó |
Петербургó |
-þ |
ìîðþ |
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îçåðó |
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расписанèþ |
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Hard declension |
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Soft declension |
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Anim.=Gen. |
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Anim.=Gen. |
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Inanim.=Nom. |
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Inanim.=Nom. |
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Èâàíà=Gen. |
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Николаÿ=Gen. |
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Acc. |
óðîê=Nom. |
Acc. учителÿ=Gen. |
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Петербург=Nom. |
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ìîðå=Nom. |
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озеро=Nom. |
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расписанèå=Nom. |
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Èâàíîì |
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Николаåì |
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Instr. |
óðîêîì |
Instr. |
учителåì |
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-îì |
Петербургîì |
-åì |
ìîðåì |
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îçåðîì |
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расписаниåì |
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Èâàíå |
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Николаå |
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Prep. óðîêå |
Prep. |
учителå |
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-å |
Петербургå |
-å |
ìîðå |
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îçåðå, but â ëåñó |
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but расписанèè |
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Part 3 |
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page 34 |
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The Declension of Nouns, Adjectives and Adjectival words in the Singular
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A Basic Modern Russian Grammar |
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words in the Singular |
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Eugenia Nekrasova |
Summing-up table of the Feminine noun declension in the Singular |
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Москвà, êíèãà, óëèöà, |
Москвó, êíèãó, |
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Наташà |
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óëèöó, Наташó |
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Òàíÿ, |
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Òàíþ, |
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Россиÿ, |
площадü |
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площадü |
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Россиþ, |
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статьÿ |
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статьþ |
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Москвû, óëèöû |
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Москвîé, êíèãîé |
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Adjectival |
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êíèãè, Наташè, |
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óëèöåé, Наташåé, |
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Òàíåé, Россиåé, |
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Gen. Òàíè, Россиè, |
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площадüþ |
стать¸é |
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статьè, площадè |
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and |
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Москвå, Òàíå, статьå, |
Москвå, êíèãå, óëèöå, Наташå, |
Adjectives |
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êíèãå, óëèöå, Наташå |
Òàíå, ñòàòüå |
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Россиè, |
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Россиè, площадè |
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площадè |
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Nouns, |
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Declension of the Feminine nouns ìàòü and äî÷ü |
of |
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Special case! |
Nom. |
ìàòü/äî÷ü |
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Notice! |
Declension |
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Gen. |
ó ìàòåðè/ó äî÷åðè |
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Dat. |
позвонить матåðè/äî÷åðè |
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Acc. |
встретить мать/дочь= Nom. |
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Instr. |
говорить с матåðüþ/äî÷åðüþ |
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Prep. |
говорить о матåðè/äî÷åðè |
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The |
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Part 3 |
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page 35 |
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