- •М.Ю. Кладова Вербалии и вербальные конструкции в английском языке
- •2002 Г.
- •Оглавление
- •Неличные формы глагола.
- •Инфинитив
- •I. Инфинитив
- •II. Использование инфинитива без частицы “to”.
- •Exercises.
- •IV. State the form of infinitive in the following sentences. Translate them into Russian.
- •V. Use the infinitives in brackets in the required form.
- •VI. Insert the particle “to” where necessary.
- •VII. Translation into English
- •III. Функции инфинитива в предложении.
- •Exercises
- •VIII. Make up sentences so as to use the infinitive as predicative.
- •X. Paraphrase the following using a noun instead of the underlined verb with the infinitive as attribute, make all necessary changes.
- •Test yourselves
- •Nightwork (by I. Show.) An Extract.
- •IV. Инфинитивные конструкции
- •V. Объектная инфинитивная конструкция
- •Exercises
- •Insert the particle “to” in objective infinitive constructions where necessary. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •V. Paraphrase the following sentences so as to use objective infinitive constructions instead of the object clauses.
- •VI. Complete the following sentences so as to use objective infinitive constructions.
- •VIII. Read the text.
- •Theatre (by s. Maughm) An Extract
- •VI. Субъектная инфинитивная конструкция.
- •Exercises
- •Insert the particle “to” where required in the following sentences with objective and subjective infinitive constructions. Explain your choice.
- •The picture of Dorian Gray (by Oscar Wild) An Extract
- •VII. Инфинитивная конструкция с предлогом “for”. (For-to-Infinitive Construction)
- •Exercises
- •II. Construct For-to-Infinitive constructions using words in brackets in the appropriate form. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •VII. Define the type of the infinitive constructions in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •VIII. Paraphrase the following so as to use various infinitive constructions instead of the subordinate clauses.
- •Nightwork (by I. Shaw) An Extract
- •Test yourselves
- •Insert particle "to" before the infinitive where required.
- •Test-paper
- •Причастие
- •Определение и формы.
- •Грамматические категории причастия
- •Функции причастия I в предложении
- •Функции причастия II в предложении
- •Exercises
- •I. Define the form of the participles.
- •II. Translate the word-combinations with participles into Russian and use them in the sentences of your own.
- •III. Define the function of the participles in the following sentences into Russian.
- •IV. Open the brackets using the correct form of participles.
- •V. Replace the clauses by the constructions with participles.
- •VI. Translate the following sentences into English using participles in different functions.
- •VII. Read the text.
- •V. Причастные конструкции
- •Exercises
- •I. Find the objective participle constructions. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •II. Find the subjective participle constructions. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •III. Find nominative absolute participle constructions in the following sentences. Define the functions. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •IV. Paraphrase the following sentences, using participle constructions instead of adverbial clauses.
- •V. Paraphrase the following sentences, using adverbial clauses instead of participle constructions.
- •VI. Define the type of participle constructions in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •VII. Find absolute constructions without a participle in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences into English, using participial constructions.
- •IX. Read the extract from the novel.
- •I. Define the function of Participles. Translate the following sentences into Russian.
- •Test II
- •Герундий
- •Определение и грамматические характеристики
- •II. Формы и способы перевода на русский язык
- •Функции в предложении
- •IV. Герундиальная конструкция
- •V. Использование герундия
- •Exercises
- •II. Open the brackets using the gerund in the proper form.
- •III. Supply the correct preposition and the gerund form of the verb in the following sentences.
- •IV. Define the function of the gerund in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •V. Paraphrase the following sentences so as to use gerundial constructions instead of subordinate clauses.
- •VI. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using the gerund and gerundial constructions.
- •VIII. Form predicative constructions with the gerund out of the elements in brackets.
- •IX. State whether the -ing-form is the gerund or the verbal noun. Explain your reasons. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •X. Read an extract from the novel.
- •I. Translate from Russian into English using the gerund or the constructions.
- •II. Insert the correct preposition before the gerund were required.
- •General review
- •I. Define the non-finite form of the verb and its function. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •II. Compare these pairs of sentences. What is the difference in meaning?
- •III. Complete the sentences using a suitable verb in the correct form.
- •IV. State the grammar phenomena expressed by the -ing-form.
- •V. Complete the following sentences with a suitable verb in the -ing or infinitive form.
- •VI. Use the gerund or the participle in the required form instead of the infinitives in brackets.
- •VII. Define the type of the predicative constructions with non-finite forms of the verb in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •VIII. Insert “not” or “without” before the -ing-form. Explain your choice and reason.
- •IX. Translate the following sentences into English using non-finite forms of the verb.
- •X. Read an extract from the novel.
- •Final Test
- •I. Using the correct form of the non-finite form of the verb instead of the infinitives in brackets.
- •II Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using non-finite forms of the verb.
- •Литература
VII. Define the type of the predicative constructions with non-finite forms of the verb in the following sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. She wanted no one to talk notice of her. 2. He seemed to be staring into space, thinking about something important. 3. I had left my child playing with other children in the yard. 4. We were waiting for him to go out. 5. We all proceeded upstairs together, John going the first to show us the way. 6. She was speaking with a young girl, so she didn’t hear him walking along the street nearby. 7. She isn’t likely to work for your company any longer. 8. How happy it makes me to see you sitting here. 9. I hate his speaking with other girls. 10. They were waiting for John’s announcing his engagement.
VIII. Insert “not” or “without” before the -ing-form. Explain your choice and reason.
1. She never did a thing ... asking somebody’s advise. 2. He looked at me for a moment ... speaking. 3. ... having recognized me, she passed by ... answering my nod. 4. He turned round and walked out, ... waiting for an answer. 5. The stood ajar, and we entered ... knocking. 6. They worked ... stopping day and might. 7. ... knowing what to say, I agreed. 8. She sat quietly in the chair, ... talking. 9. He continued speaking, ... paying attention to the attempts to interrupt him. 10. They could sit for an hour, ... exchanging a word.
IX. Translate the following sentences into English using non-finite forms of the verb.
1. Он оглянулся и увидел, что кто-то следует за ним. 2. У меня есть много знакомых, которые мен помогают. 3. Мы поселились на новом месте и уже не покидали его. 4. Я совсем забыл, что отдал книгу другу. 5. Его талант не мог не вызвать восхищения. 6. Врач предполагал начать обследование больного завтра. 7. Это одно из величайших открытий когда-либо сделанных человеком. 8. Я вздрогнул, подумав об этом. 9. Видя наши затруднения, он предложил помочь нам. 10. Было очень полезно, услышать различные мнения по этому поводу.
X. Read an extract from the novel.
Find sentences with verbals. Define the type of the verbal and its function. Translate the sentences into Russian.
Find sentences with verbal constructions. Define the type of the construction. Translate the sentences into Russian.
Translate the whole extract into Russian.
Retell the extract using verbals and verbal constructions.
“Nightwork” by Irwin Shaw
(An Extract)
The operation took three hours. Fabian had lapsed into unconsciousness before we reached the hospital in Southampton. An intern had taken one look at Priscilla and had her put in a bed under heavy sedation. I sat in the anteroom of the emergency ward, trying to answer the questions of the policemen about what the men looked like, the sequence in which things had happened, what we were doing on the road at that hour, who the lady was, whether or not I thought I had hit one or both of the men when I fired at them. It was hard to sort the things out. My mind felt numb, overwhelmed. It was hard to make the policemen understand who Priscilla Dean was and how it happened that she didn’t know where she lived. They were unfailingly polite and not suspicious, but they kept asking the same questions, in slightly different ways, over and over again, as though what had happened couldn’t have happened the way I thought it had. I had called Evelyn as soon as they wheeled Fabian into the operating room and told her Fabian had had an accident but I was all right, not to worry. I told her I’d give the details when I got home.
It was about midnight when the young policeman came back from using the phone to tell me the two men had given themselves up. ‘You didn’t hit either one of them’. He couldn’t help grinning as he said it. I would have to go to the police station in the morning to identify them. And so would the lady, he added.