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PART 4: MAKING THINGS LOOK GOOD

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DRAW BUSINESS DIAGRAMS WITH EXCEL

Problem: My manager needs me to graphically document the steps in a project plan.

Strategy: Excel offers 180+ types of diagrams in a tool called SmartArt.

When you choose Insert, SmartArt from the ribbon, the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog box that ap- pears shows graphic types arranged in seven groups: Many layouts are repeated in the Picture group.

Additional layouts are available from Office.com.

 

Figure 1372 Choose a graphic type from the seven groups.

 

Here are the seven main groups offered in SmartArt:

 

List - You can use these charts to illustrate a series of items. Although a list has a certain sequence,

 

 

there are usually not arrows to indicate that the list contains a series of steps.

 

Process - Process charts are similar to list charts, but the shapes are connected by arrows or the

 

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shapes themselves are arrows.

Cycle - Cycle charts are process charts where the last step in the process has an arrow pointing back

 

 

 

to the first step in the process. These are great for illustrating continuous improvement.

 

Hierarchy - Hierarchy charts are used for organizational charts and as outlines for books or projects.

 

Relationship - This category is a catchall for 31 different types. It offers formula diagrams, gear

 

 

charts, funnel charts, balance charts, containment charts, Venn diagrams, and more. If you need to

 

illustrate competing ideas, turn to this category.

 

Matrix - This category offers charts with four quadrants or four quadrants and a title.

 

Pyramid - This category offers shapes stacked in either an upright or an inverted pyramid.

 

Most SmartArt chart types offer an unlimited num- ber of shapes. A list chart can illustrate 3 items or 17 items without a problem. However, some chart types are limited. For example, a gear chart can illustrate only 3 concepts, and several arrow charts can illustrate only 2 items. When you click on a thumbnail in the Choose a SmartArt Graphic dialog, the description on the right will indicate whether the graphic is limited to a certain number of shapes.

Figure 1373 The Block Cycle chart looks best with only Level 1 text.

Figure 1375 The Balance chart leans left or right, depending on content.

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The thumbnails often indicate whether the diagram is suitable for Level 1 or Level 1 and Level 2 text. Think of a PowerPoint slide. If you have bullet points, those are Level 1 text. If you have bullets and sub-bullet points, those are

Level 1 and Level 2 text. Some charts don’t do well with both Level 1 and Level 2 text. Below is a Block Cycle chart. The top chart includes only Level 1 text. In the lower chart, some Level 2 text is added to the first point. This causes all the Level 1 text throughout the chart to get unusually small.

In contrast, the Vertical Box List chart is designed with accent boxes to hold long sentences of Level 2 text.

The next seven topics discuss how to create and modify

SmartArt graphics.

Figure 1374 The Vertical Box List chart offers ample room for Level 2 text.

CHOOSE THE RIGHT TYPE OF SMARTART

Problem: I need to illustrate a circular process in which information can flow in both directions. Which SmartArt type should I use?

Strategy: You should use the Multi-directional Cycle chart. This is the only one of the diagram types that offers bidirectional arrows between the blocks. This chart type is the sixth thumbnail in the Cycle category.

Some other types of charts require you to select certain SmartArt types. The following are some ex- amples.

To accommodate extremely long sentences of Level 2 text, your choices are the Vertical Box List, Vertical Bullet List, and Vertical Chevron List charts. These are in the List category.

To make a decision between two choices, use a Balance chart from the Relationship category. This clever type will lean left or right, depending on which choice has more Level 2 items.

To show how parts add together to produce an output, you use an Equation chart or a Funnel chart. Below, the Vertical Equation chart in the lower left seems unbalanced; the resulting circle is much larger than the input circles.

Figure 1376 The Funnel chart is limited to three items and a result.

To illustrate two opposing forces, you use Diverging Arrows, Counterbalance Arrows, Opposing Arrows, Converging Arrows, and Arrow Ribbon charts. These are found in the Relationship category.

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Many process charts can be used to illustrate a single process that progresses from left to right or top to bottom. However, to illustrate many vertical processes in the same diagram, you use the Chevron List chart.

Some of the process charts will snake through rows and columns. If you have many shapes to fit in a small area, check out the Basic Bending Process, Circular Bending Process, Repeating Bending Process, and Vertical Bending Process charts. Below are 16 shapes in a Circular Bending Process chart. This chart has been rendered in the Brick Scene style.

Figure 1377 The bending layouts can fit many shapes in a small space.

USE THE TEXT PANE TO BUILD SMARTART

Problem: How do I create SmartArt?

Strategy: Initially, you shouldn’t worry about the graphics but should instead focus your attention on the text pane, where you can build bullet points of Level 1 and, optionally, Level 2 text.

Using the text pane is similar to building a slide in PowerPoint’s Outline view.

When you choose Insert, SmartArt and select a layout, Excel will draw a default layout and place the insertion cursor in the text pane.

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Figure 1378 SmartArt starts out with bullet points that show [Text].

You can use these keys to navigate in the text pane:

● Enter - Add a new shape at the same level as the current shape and immediately after the current shape.

● Down Arrow - Move to the next shape without creating a new shape.

● Tab - Demote the current shape one level. Pressing Tab on a Level 1 entry will change the entry to Level 2.

Shift+Tab - Promote the current shape one level. Pressing Shift+Tab on a Level 2 entry will change the entry to Level 1.

● Delete - Pressing Delete when there is no text for a shape will delete the shape. Initially, you should focus all your attention on the text pane. As you type in the text pane, Excel will continue to render new shapes in the SmartArt graphic.

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Additional Details: In most of the SmartArt layouts, Excel will ensure that every shape is the same size and that every shape has the same font size. This works best when you have similar-length text in each shape. For example, each shape contains a single word or concept. The font sizes are fairly large.

Figure 1379 With similar length points, the fonts are fairly large.

If you add a new shape with longer text, the font size in all the shapes will reduce to accommodate the longest entry. You can override this by using the Format ribbon tab as described in "Switch to the Format Tab to Format Individual Shapes" on page 533.

Figure 1380 Add a longer entry, and all the font sizes reduce.

The text pane supports spell checking, formatting with the mini toolbar, and Cut and Paste.

Alternate Strategy: It is possible to edit text directly in each shape. To do so, you hide the text pane and use the Add Shape menu on the Design tab in order to build your graphic.

CHANGE A SMARTART LAYOUT

Problem: I typed my text in my SmartArt, but my manager doesn’t like the layout.

Strategy: You can easily convert a SmartArt graphic from one style to any other style by using the Lay- outs gallery on the Design tab. Follow these steps:

1. Select the SmartArt graphic. Excel will display the SmartArt Tools tabs.