I. Обратите внимание на принципы перевода следующих терминов.

1. input devices – устройства (какие?) ввода

2. output devices – устройства (какие?) вывода

3. control unit – блок (какой?) управления

4. arithmetic logic unit – устройство (какое?) арифметическо-логическое

5. The processor includes some parts. – Процессор включает в себя (=содержит) несколько частей.

6. The processing involves converting data. – Обработка включает в себя (=предполагает) преобразование данных.

II. Прочитайте текст и переведите его на русский язык, обращая внимание на формы Ving и Ved в различных ситуациях. Hardware

The hardware contains many parts but the critical components are the following: processor, memory, input / output devices and storage.

Two components handle the processing task in a computer. These are the central processing unit, or CPU, and the memory. Both are located on the computer’s motherboard representing the circuit board that connects the CPU to the other devices.

The Processor

The CPU is like the brain of the computer carrying out the instructions that come from either the user or the software. In a personal computer, the entire CPU is commonly developed on one or more microprocessors represented by microcircuits, or chips. In powerful computers processing tasks may be performed by multiple processing chips. Every CPU contains at least two basic parts such as the control unit and the arithmetic logic unit.

The control Unit. All the computer’s resources are managed from the control unit. The CPU’s instructions for carrying out various commands are built into it. The instructions list all the actions that the CPU can execute. Many instructions involve simply moving data from one place to another. When meeting the instruction involving arithmetic or logic operation the control unit passes it to the arithmetic logic unit or ALU.

The arithmetic logic unit. Because all the data in the computer is stored as numbers, much of the processing involves comparing numbers or executing mathematical operations. For this purpose two types of operations are required: arithmetic and logic ones. Arithmetic operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. Logic operations include comparisons such as determining whether one number is equal to, greater than, or less than another number.

The ALU includes a number of registers having high speed. They are directly built into the CPU and serve for storing data that is currently being processed.

III. Выделите из текста информацию об аппаратном обеспечении и ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1. What are the critical components of the hardware?

2. What is the purpose of the central processing unit and the memory?

3. Where are they located?

4. What does the motherboard represent?

IV. Выделите из текста информацию о процессоре и ответьте на следующие вопросы.

1. What is the purpose of the CPU?

2. What do microprocessors of the CPU represent?

3. What basic parts does the CPU contain?

4. What is the control unit used for?

5. What does the arithmetic logic unit serve for?

6. What two main kinds of operations does the ALU perform?

7. What do arithmetic operations include?

8. What do logic operations represent?

9. Are registers the part of the control unit?

10. What for do we use registers?