Grammar past perfect

Ex.1. Read the sentences and define the tense forms. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.

1. They had completed all the preparations for the fancy-dress ball by 5 o’clock.

2. The man thanked the doctor who had cured him of his disease.

3. Hardly had he touched the pillow when he fell asleep.

4. He made great progress last year and could read the texts without a dictionary. He had worked at his language very hard.

5. In the morning, the passengers felt good after the night they had spent on the train.

6. Last night he completed the experiment he had begun some months before.

7. No sooner had she opened the drawer than she found the copy of the document.

8. They had been partners for some 10 years before I met them.

Ex.2. Complete the sentences in the Past Perfect.

1.Without any reason, the customer returned the goods that we ________(deliver) .

2.Before Ellen could say anything, Cindy _______(hang up) the phone.

3.When William was employed, I ______(work / already) here for three years.

4.I______ (start / just) to type the letter, when the phone rang.

5.When I sent the mail, I realised that I ______(forget) to attach the file.

6.Sue and Tom are best friends, though before the meeting last month they _______(know / not even) each other.

7.Catherine _______(meet / not) Phil Brown before the trade fair in May.

8.We spoke about the conference that _______(take place) the week before.

9.After the meeting I thanked Misses Last, who _______ (manage) everything.

10._______(you / gain) experience in that field before you started to work for us?

Ex. 3. Write the verbs in the Past Perfect. Use the negative form.

1. In the shopping centre, I met a friend who I (see / not) for ages.

2. The burglar could walk right into the house because you (lock / not) the door.

3. We lost the match because we (practise / not) the days before.

4. The secretary quickly copied the papers that she (read / not) .

5. We ate at a restaurant last night because I (buy / not) anything for dinner.

6. When we came back, it was cold in the house because Alice (close / not) the windows.

7. Margaret was angry with me all day long just because I (greet / not) him first.

8. When I met Jane at eleven o’clock, she (have / not) breakfast yet.

9. I couldn’t go to the cinema with my friends last night because I (finish / not) my homework yet.

10. Fred answered my question although I (ask / not) him.

Ex. 4. In pairs ask and answer questions in the Past Perfect.

1.(what / Bob / do) that he was kept in after his lectures? - What had Bob done that he was kept in after his lectures?- He had missed more than 10 seminars.

2.(you / eat) anythingbefore you went to the theatre? - Had you eaten before you went to the theatre?- Yes, I had. No, I hadn’t.

3.(he / live) in London before he moved to Glasgow?

4.(she / find) a new job by that time?

5.(they / book) a room before they went to Dublin?

6.(how often / you / ring) the bell before he answered the door?

7.(why / they / have) dinner before they came to the party?

8.(Carly / wash) the dishes when her Mum came home?

9.(you / read) the contract before you signed it?

10.(who / live) in the house before we moved in?

Ex.5. Work in pairs. Make up short dialogues. Present one event as prior to another event, moment or situation.

Example: - Fred had cooked dinner by the time his family gathered at home.

• And Fiona?(to polish the floor)

• Fiona had polished the floor by the time her family gathered at home.

• And you?(to bake an onion pie)

• I had baked an onion pie by the time my family gathered at home.

• What had all you done by the time your family gatherd at home?

• We had cooked dinner, baked an onion pie and polished the floor by the time our family gathered at home.

1. The girl had made a new dress for her birthday party. (to buy flowers, to lay the table)

2. She had accompanied the injured girl home before the doctor arrived. (to wash the wound, to bandage the wound)

3. Patricia had watered the flowers before I went into the yard. (to sweep the yard, to trim the bushes)

4. He had changed the wheel on a car before the trip. (pack the suitcase, book the hotel room)

Ex.6. Match two parts of the sentences in the box using the Past Perfect. Remember what was first and what was next. Use time expressions when, by the time, after. There may be several variants.

Model:I had finished my work on the report (first) by the time he returned (next).

FIRST	NEXT
I/read 10 books He/return I/get there He/clean the garage 5.She/leave for London 6.The partners/call 7.The guests/arrive 8.The secretary /type the letter 9.The boss/gather the meeting 10.The chairman/open the meeting	I /write the course paper I/finish my work the concert /begin he/wash the car e) they/think about it the manager/leave the office we/go to the restaurant the mail/arrive we/prepare our report everybody/discuss the matter

Ex.7. Read an extract about Richard Branson’s career and complete the sentences. Use the Past Perfect.

Sir Richard Branson (born 18 July 1950) is an English business magnate, best known for his Virgin Group of more than 400 companies.

His first business venture was a magazine called Student at the age of 16. In 1970, he set up an audio-record mail-order business. In 1972, he opened a chain of record stores, Virgin Records, later known as Virgin Megastores. Branson’s Virgin brand grew rapidly during the 1980s, as he set up Virgin Atlantic Airways and expanded the Virgin Records music label.

Branson is the 4^th richest citizen of the United Kingdom, according to the Forbes 2011 list of billionaires, with an estimated net worth of US $4.2 billion.

1. Before he set up an audio-record mail-order company, he ________ .

2. Before he opened a chain of record stores, he _______.

3. Before his brand Virgin grew up rapidly, _______.

4. Before he set up Virgin Atlantic Airways, _______.

Ex.8. Open the brackets. Pay attention to the use of the Past Simple and the Past Perfect.

1. He already _______(go) by the time I _______(come) to the party.

2. Mother _______(cook) dinner by the time he______ (come).

3. When I _______(arrive) home, I realized that I _______(lose) the key.

4. The shop _______(close) by the time I _______(get ) there.

5. The scientists _______(carry) out many experiments before they ________ (achieve) satisfactory results.

6. When I _______(arrive), he was staying in the same hotel where we first _______(meet).

7. By the end of the last year he _______ (finish) research.

8. He told me that he _______(not see) much of her since she ______(move ) to another town.

9. When I _______(enter), he already _______(come) and was sitting near the fireplace looking through a newspaper.

10. She said that they _______(meet) in 1996 for the first time.

Ex.9. Make up sentences according to the pattern.

Hardly had he come when it started raining hard.=He had hardly come when it started raining hard.

No sooner they had received the task than the meeting was over. = They had no sooner received the task than the meeting was over.

1. She (to open) the drawer, she (to find) the photo which she thought she had lost long ago.

2. He (to touch) the pillow, he (to fall asleep).

3. They (to meet) each other, they (to make) good friends.

4. We (to arrive) at the station, the train (to leave).

5. Sara (to hear) his voice, she (to understand) what had happened.

6. Gemma (to slip) the letter into her pocket, Martini (to enter) the room.

7. Gemma (to read) the letter, she (to understand) she (to lose) Arthur forever.

8. The passenger (to find) the compartment, he (to unpack) his suitcase.

9. The plane (to take off), the steward (to start) safety training.

10. The thief (to steal) the picture, the police (to catch) him.

Ex.10. Using the words in brackets, complete the text below with the appropriate tenses.

I can't believe I _______ (get) that apartment. I _______ (submit) my application last week, but I didn't think I had a chance of actually getting it. When I _______ (show) up to take a look around, there were at least twenty other people who _______ (arrive) before me. Most of them _______ (fill, already) out their applications and were already leaving. The landlord said I could still apply, so I did.

I _______ (try) to fill out the form, but I couldn't answer half of the questions. They _______ (want) me to include references, but I didn't want to list my previous landlord because I _______ (have) some problems with him in the past and I knew he wouldn't recommend me. I _______ (end) up listing my father as a reference.

It was total luck that he _______ (decide) to give me the apartment. It turns out that the landlord and my father _______ (go) to high school together. He decided that I could have the apartment before he _______ (look) at my credit report. I really lucked out!

Ex. 11. Correct the mistakes if there are any.

1. He had hardly come when the lecture had begun.

2. Mummy cooked an exclusive cake before the wedding.

3.Marion had booked a hotel room, bought the tickets and started packing her suitcase.

4. They had make a phone call by the time the manager came.

5. Mr. Johnson retired and went to live in a village.

6. I was very happy as I passed my driving test rather successfully.

7. The Dean finished speaking and had made a few practical suggestions.

8. My group mates have finished the report on the subject when the bell rang.

9. When the director had entered the office, the secretary just finished typing the contract.

10. I asked her twice before she had told me her name.

Ex. 12. Translate into English.

1. Не встиг я вийти з офісу, як пішов дощ.

2. Мері увійшла в кабінет, як раптом згадала, що забула ключі від сейфу вдома.

3. Він хвалився, що зустрічався з цією кінозіркою під час фестивалю.

4. Тед почувався втомленим. Вчора вночі він закінчив писати реферат.

5. До того, як Тео переїхав в будинок в передмісті, він жив в маленькій квартирі в центрі міста.

6. Як тільки ми закінчили переговори, як делегація поїхала в аеропорт.

7. Я знала його. Ми жили в дитинстві на одній вулиці.

8. Гаррі запізнився. Лекція вже почалась.

9. Ми отримали листа від батьків про те, що вони вже переїхали.

10. На жаль, коли ми прибули на станцію, було вже пізно.Потяг вже пішов.