518 Section III / Subspecialty Surgery

What is the best way to

Urine output total per shift, THEN cc/kg/hr

present urine output

measurements on rounds?

What is it?

Remnant of the diverticulum formed

by migration of thyroid tissue; normal

development involves migration of

thyroid tissue from the foramen cecum at

the base of the tongue through the hyoid

bone to its final position around the

tracheal cartilage

Chapter 67 / Pediatric Surgery 523

What is the most common

Second; thus, these are found most often

cleft remnant?

laterally versus thyroglossal cysts, which are

found centrally (Think: Second Superior)

What is the treatment?

Antibiotics if infection is present, then

surgical excision of cyst and tract once

inflammation is resolved

What is the major anatomic

Thyroglossal cyst midline

difference between

Branchial cleft cyst lateral

thyroglossal cyst and

(Think: brAnchial lAteral)

branchial cleft cyst?

STRIDOR

What is stridor?

Harsh, high-pitched sound heard on

breathing caused by obstruction of the

trachea or larynx

What are the signs/

Dyspnea, cyanosis, difficulty with

symptoms?

feedings

What is the differential

Laryngomalacia—leading cause of stridor

diagnosis?

in infants; results from inadequate

development of supporting laryngeal

structures; usually self-limited and

treatment is expectant unless

respiratory compromise is present

Tracheobronchomalacia—similar to

laryngomalacia, but involves the entire

trachea

Vascular rings and slings—abnormal

development or placement of thoracic

large vessels resulting in obstruction

of trachea/bronchus

What are the symptoms of

Stridor, dyspnea on exertion, or dysphagia

vascular rings?

How is the diagnosis of

Barium swallow revealing typical

vascular rings made?

configuration of esophageal

compression

Echo/arteriogram