Exercise 9

Answer the following questions:

1. What are the main stages for the construction of a building?

2. What does the stability of the structure depend upon?

3. What methord is used for building construction?

4. What is the 1-st step on the site area?

5. when does the work begin on the 1-st floor slab?

6. What factors do the building operations depend on?

7. What are perimeter beams designed to?

8. What building equipment is used on the construction site?

Exercise 10

Agree or disagree with the following statements. Correct them if necessary and give your reason.

1. The excavation is dug for the column.

2. Roofs are lifted to the desired elevation by hydraulic jacks.

3. Each slub is joined by a layer of wax base material.

4. When a large clearance has been obtained the slab is levelled and lifting goes on.

5. Work has been planned to ensure minimum time-saving repetition of building processes.

Exercise 11

Make up question for the following statements.

1. The need for building of all kinds is great and in many cases urgent.

( What building /to be the need/for?)

2. Almost everyone saw the construction of a building.

(… you / to see construction of a building/?)

3. Before the concrete is poured all service pipes and ducts are placed in position.

(When / pipes and ducts / to be placed/?)

4. A new development is that building from the top downwards and from bottom upwards is taking place simultaneously.

(What / a new development /to consist in/?)

5. Earth moving on a large scale is carried out by walking excavators. (What / to help/ moving earth/?)

Exercise 12

Make up a plan for retelling. Retell the text.

Unit 9 environmental and social impact

Read and translate the following international words, paying attention to the part of speech. Consult the dictionary.

urban [;{b{n] a, atmosphere [;@tm{sfi{] n, plan [pl@n] n, organization [,Og{ -

nAi;zei{n] n, municipal [mju;nisip{l] a, transport [;tr@nspOt] n, center [;sent{] n, communication [,k{mjuni#keiS{n] n, zone [zoun] n, volcano [vOl;keinou] n, comfortable [;kmf{t{bl] a, balance [;b@l{ns] n, smog [smOg] n, limit [;limit] n, temperature [;tempritS{] n.

Exercise 2

Pay attention to the meaning of the following “faux amis”:

design проект, план, расчёт, эскиз, цель;

position место расположения, возможность, точка зрения,

должность;

standard стандарт, технические условия, норма, колонна, стойка,

опора;

guide гид, путеводитель, учебник, ориентир, руководить, быть

причиной.

Exercise 3

Read and remember the following words and phrases.

site располагать; выбирать места

healthy здоровый

layout планировка, расположение

encourage поощрять, поддерживать

pollute загрязнять

proper правильный; подходящий

advantageous благоприятный

undertaking предприятие

highway шоссе

creation создание

belt зона

live off жить за счёт кого-либо/чего-либо

manifold разнообразить

resort курорт

permafrost вечная мерзлота

attractive привлекательный

drawback недостаток, помеха

advantage преимущество

greenery зелень, растительность

maintain сохранять, поддерживать

exceed превосходить,превышать

totally цельный, полный

absence отсутствие

carry out выполнять

outside вне; за пределами; снаружи

prevent предотвращать

offend нарушать

trap ловушка

boiler (room/house) котельная; кочегарка

abolish отменять; упразднять

perfect совершенный; прекрасный

meanwhile между тем, тем временем

shrub куст; кустарник

embodiment конструктивное оформление

need [pl.] потребности , нужды

canvass обсуждать

outline очерчивать

integrate составлять целое