7.1 The Basis for EMC Evaluation

7.2.1 EMC Design

1. Requirement analysis

The EMC requirements of products are usually reflected in the overall requirements and overall technical requirements. Therefore, the scope and keys of design should be formed based on the detailed analysis of the overall EMC requirements and the EMC overall technical requirements.

First, we need to evaluate whether the analysis of the overall EMC requirements is effective, including the overall EMC requirements determined in the general requirements for product development, and the EMC requirements that are further clarified through the product development review meeting. The application requirement and the natural and man-made electromagnetic environment where the product operates are also analyzed.

Then, we can evaluate whether the analysis of the overall technical EMC requirements is effective, which includes (1) analysis of the product’s adaptability to the expected electromagnetic environment based on the overall EMC requirement of the product and relevant national military regulations; (2) analysis of the product EMC design and limit values in system, subsystem, and equipment level; (3) analysis of engineering feasibility and technical risks.

2. Design

EMC design should be conducted through the principle design phase, the engineering development phase (including the principle implementation and the system development and demonstration) and the production and deployment phase. Therefore, the evaluation should also cover all of the phases.

The evaluation items during principle design phase include (1) formulate the overall EMC technical requirements for the system and decompose the requirements into subsystems and equipment level; (2) conduct EMC design and modeling of the system, subsystem, and equipment.

The engineering development phase can be divided into two parts: the system level and the subsystem/equipment level:

The evaluation items of the system level include

(1)Determine whether the existing EMC problems in the principle design phase have been comprehensively analyzed, whether the solution is proper, and whether the problem has been solved.

(2)Check the EMC conformity of the supporting nondevelopment item (NDI) and determine whether it is necessary to add supplementary requirement.

(3)Evaluate whether the EMC analysis of the subsystem/equipment principle implementation is valid and sufficient; based on EMC of the subsystem/equipment initial prototype, analyze whether the EMC of the system principle implementation is correct; evaluate whether the EMC design is comprehensive and correct, and whether the design is implemented during the principle implementation phase.

(4)Evaluate whether the EMC problems existing in principle implementation phase are comprehensively analyzed. Assess the problem solutions and check whether the problem has been solved. Determine whether the EMC improvement design of the system’s system development and demonstration is effective.

(5)Check and evaluate the rationality and comprehensiveness of the production process and installation measures taken to ensure EMC during the development and demonstration phase of the system.

(6)Evaluate whether the EMC prediction analysis of the system development and demonstration of the subsystem/equipment is effective. Evaluate whether the EMC analysis is and prediction of the system development and demonstration is comprehensive based on the EMC of subsystems/equipment.

(7)Conduct a system joint test to identify EMC problems. Evaluate the comprehensiveness of the work, and check whether the problems have been solved.

(8)Conduct a precompliance test to identify EMC problems, evaluate the sufficiency and effectiveness of analysis and check whether the problems have been solved.

The evaluation items during the engineering development phase of subsystems/equipment include

(1)During principle design phase, evaluate the subsystem/equipment’s EMC problems, solutions and check whether the problems have been solved.

(2)Evaluate the implementation of the supplementary requirement from supporting NDIs.

(3)During principle implementation phase, evaluate the EMC design and implementation of the system and subsystem/equipment.

(4)Check whether the EMC problems of the subsystem/equipment’s principle implementation has been completely solved and whether the EMC of the system development and demonstration is improved.

(5)In system development and demonstration phase, evaluate the production and installation measures taken to ensure EMC of the subsystem/equipment.

(6)Evaluate whether the EMC problem of the subsystem/equipment of the system development and demonstration is a closed loop.

(7)Before the production and deployment test of the system design, EMC development and demonstration test report of subsystems/equipment should be submitted to the system.

The evaluation items in the production and deployment phase include whether the problems in the EMC test in the production and deployment phase has been fully analyzed and categorized; whether the cause analysis is correct; and whether the improved design is effective.

7.2.2 EMC Management

Product EMC management is reflected in the requirement management and execution, including product EMC organization management and quality control.

The EMC organization management evaluation items mainly include

(1)Whether to set up an EMC management office or to point a person in charge;

(2)Whether to define the EMC management items and milestones;

(3)Whether the operation of the EMC working group is normal;

(4)Whether to formulate an EMC outline, whether the outline is to be reviewed, and whether the outline has been fully implemented;

(5)Whether an EMC control plan has been made and whether there are benefits from the control and management;

(6)Whether an EMC work plan has been formulated, and whether the execution of the plan is normal;

(7)Whether an EMC training plan has been formulated and executed effectively.

The evaluation items of EMC quality control mainly include

(1)Whether to incorporate EMC into the quality management system and operate effectively;

(2)Whether to analyze the EMC control milestones, items and measures of the product and evaluate the control effects;

(3)Assess the quality evaluation of EMC in each phase;

(4)Summarize the benefits of EMC quality management.

7.2.3 EMC Test

EMC tests include research test and production and deployment test, which needs to be evaluated separately.

The evaluation items of the scientific research and test phase mainly include

(1)Scientific research and test result of supporting NDIs;

(2)Scientific research and test result of the principle implementation of subsystems and equipment;

(3)Scientific research and test result of the principle implementation of the system;

(4)Scientific research and test result of the system development and demonstration of subsystems and equipment;

(5)Scientific research and test result of the system development and demonstration of the system.

The evaluation items of the design stereotype test mainly include

(1)Qualification of the test organization, test time, location, environment and conditions, technical status of the object under test, test items, test method, test