5. Выпишите значения выделенных наречий и союзов. Переведите предложения, учитывая эти значения.

1. This method is not efficient. Tool wear must therefore be evaluated using other principles.

2. Nevertheless, the question of what to do with the measured values is of great importance.

3. Although this diminishes the accuracy of the measurement, it also considerably increases protection against transducer failure.

4. The time and memory used for this process is great. Furthermore, the number of workpieces is so small that even just one workpiece can be a considerable percentage of the whole batch.

5. A change can be activated. Otherwise, an alarm signal will attract the operator to a malfunction.

6. This system will work as an ADC system whenever possible.

7. Safety control may be based on adaptive control. However, the bandwidth of the safety control and optimizing control is quite different.

6. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различные глагольные формы.

1. We begin by examining the manufacturing cell which is regarded by many as the building block of larger systems.

2. Off-line programming is understood to have two elements: the development of the flow of control code and the development of the position instructions.

3. The robot usually follows a complex path from start point to end point, this path being generated by all the robot joints together.

4. The robot controller is assumed to have the necessary hardware and software to allow the high level instruction to generate the low level instructions to perform the actual state transition.

7. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Diagnosisprocess(1)

Individual hardware components are supervised by small hardware supplements such as timer. Another usual method is to check all the hardware components, if possible, by test programs.

Since large software packages are not free of faults, it is necessary to take supervisory measures within the software. Various algorithms and procedures are available for these. Statical diagnosis procedures use known fault patterns to find the appropriate cause of any faults and to initiate appropriate reactions. In this case, statical diagnosis procedures mean that already existing fixed arrangement between fault pattern and fault cause is used. Dynamical diagnosis systems are capable of automatically recording processes with the reference standards.

Today automation systems are modularly structured, so that diagnosis is based on accessible signal components. There are several possibilities of realization. One method is the integration of the supervisory and diagnosis functions into the software already used during the development of the control functional units.

Another method is to keep the monitoring and diagnosis separate from the real functions. A monitoring and diagnosis unit made for a special function or for different functions can receive the data of one of several functions via adequate interfaces.

With the development of control functions, the diagnosis interface has to be considered as a separate phenomenon. The diagnosis function is separately coded and is therefore portable on to additional hardware.

So one can say that the method mentioned first does not cover control-internal hardware fault sources. If the second method is used, faults of the control hardware can also be recognized and a certain standardization of the diagnosis component is possible. Furthermore, diagnoses become possible which can only be derived from an analysis of variables of the different function components.