14. Переведите текст письменно со словарем.

When the supervision system asks itself on whether the error is new or not, the answer may be “yes” or “no”. If the answer is “yes”, it means that the sensor/transducer has reported a signal which is not related to some known software and physical states of the system. One must therefore record this new error signal and its relative software physical conditions. We know where in the software the error occurred (where and when). We know what state the other sensors showed at that time. All we need to record now is the transducer signal. When using simple sensors this is relatively easy as the signal is usually on or off. In this case it is usually position plus the signal itself which, together, make up the new error signature. When using smart sensors, it is very important to set an upper and lower tolerance margin for the error signal.

Урок 7

1. Выпишите из словаря транскрипцию и перевод следующих слов. Запомните их произношение и значения.

warn (v), reliable (a), installation (n), exist (v), purpose (n), choice (n), aim (n), represent (v), main (a), relate (v), concern (v), supply (v)

2. Правильно прочитайте интернациональные слова и дайте их русский эквивалент. Посмотрите в словаре, выпишите с переводом и выучите подчёркнутые слова.

correction [kə'rekʃn], monitoring ['mɒnɪtərɪŋ], immune [ɪ’mju:n], function ['fʌŋkʃn], general [‘ʤenərəl], manufacturing [,mænjʊ’fækʧərɪŋ], configuration [kən,fɪgjə’reɪʃn], intelligent [ɪn’telɪʤənt], detect [dɪ'tekt], technique [tek'ni:k], dynamic [daɪ'næmɪk], static ['stætɪk]

3. Прочитайте ряды однокоренных слов. Переведите их, исходя из значения словообразовательных элементов.

correct (v), correct (a), correction (n), correctly (adv)

reliable (a), reliability (n)

measure (v), measurement (n), measurable (a), measuring (n)

require (v), required (p.p.), requiring (pres.p.), requirement(n)

integrate (v), integrated (p.p.), integrating (pres.p.), integration (n)

interrupt (v), interrupted (p.p.), interrupting (pres.p.), interruption (n)

4. Прочитайте и переведите словосочетания.

production equipment, monitoring purpose, task interruption, difficult workshop conditions, simple sensor value, process control system, simple sensor level

5. Переведите предложения, учитывая разные значения глагола “to have” (Приложение 2, табл. 2).

1. The automatic supervision in manufacturing process system may have different structures.

2. The error recovery system always has to consult a database.

3. The process control system has found a successful means of recovering an error.

4. In most cases special sensors have to be employed.

5. The most common way to use adaptive error recovery is to have smart sensors.

6. We have already detected and classified an error. Now we have to start error recovery.

6. Переведите предложения, учитывая разные значения слова "for".

1. A battery is used for supplying electrical energy.

2. Electrical phenomena have been known to man for a very long time.

3. The materials with a low coefficient of thermal expansion used for machine tool elements lower their sensitivity to thermal deformations.

4. There are no perfect insulators for all insulators will allow some flow of electrons.

7. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на инфинитив и инфинитивные обороты (Приложение 2, табл. 9, 10).

1. This is a long-term plan of various products to be assembled.

2. The choice of quantity to be measured depends on the characteristics of the manufacturing process to be supervised.

3. The types of sensors to be used in this case are very different.

4. Cutting force variations are reported to have been measured.

5. The automatic supervision of machining operations is considered to be in the first stage of development.

6. Several machining processes can only rely on numerical control to generate a desired workpiece shape.