II. Read the text and be ready to do the tasks: Economic Development of Ukraine
Ukraine is one of the largest countries of Eastern Europe.
The geographical position of Ukraine is very favourable for international trade and business.
Economic development of Ukraine progressed alongside with political and economic reforms since 1991 when Ukraine proclaimed its independence.
The economic stagnation, following the 1991 – 1995 recession, gave way to reforms and introduction of the national currency – hryvna– in 1996. The country has made significant strides in implementing reforms in the market-oriented economy since.
Ukraine is one of the largest agricultural centres. It is a land of fertile soil and rich in minerals, especially coal, iron, ore, manganese, lignite, peat and mercury.
Plains and excellent chernozem territories occupy the largest part of Ukraine. It produces large quantities of wheat, corn, other grain, sugar beets, potatoes, livestock, meat products, eggs and dairy products.
The leading industries are power engineering, machine building and chemical production. Ukraine produces planes and ocean liners, locomotives and carriages, tractors and combines, excavators and cars, electronic microscopes and TV sets, computers and synthetic diamonds. The main machine-building centres are Lviv, Kharkiv, Lugansk …
The main industrial region of Ukraine is Donbas. It is a densely populated area in the plain of the Donets river and one of the largest coal producing areas in Europe. The coal deposits are estimated at 2 billion tons there.
Scientists of Ukraine make a great contribution to science. The Academy of Science of Ukraine includes many outstanding scientists and research workers famous for their discoveries and inventions. Great success has been achieved by the Paton Research Institute of Electric Welding, the Research Institute of Cybernetics and Superhard materials and others.
III. Match the English words and word combinations with their Ukrainian equivalents:
international trade and business поряд з
economic development накопичення
alongside with велика кількість
significant stride визначний вчений
chernozem territories економічний розвиток
large quantities міжнародна торгівля і бізнес
locomotives and carriages головні галузі промисловості
chief industries значний крок вперед
conglomeration території чорнозему
an outstanding scientist локомотиви та вагони
IV. Decide whether these facts True (t) or False (f):
Ukraine is one of the largest countries of Eastern Europe.
The geographical position of Ukraine is unfavourable for international trade and business.
The economic prosperity gave way to reforms and introduction of the national currency
The country has made significant strides in implementing reforms in the market-oriented economy.
Ukraine is one of the smallest agricultural centres of Europe.
It produces large quantities of wheat, bananas, sugar cane.
The minor industries are power engineering, machine building and chemical production.
The main industrial region of Ukraine is the Transcarpathian region.
Many outstanding scientists and research workers are famous for their discoveries and inventions.