3. Составьте диалоги между врачом и пациентом, используя план беседы и описание случаев заболеваний.

План беседы:

• приветствие;

• предложение войти и сесть;

• выяснение причины посещения врача;

• уточнение жалоб;

• осмотр больного (указания, что делать пациенту);

• формулирование диагноза;

• назначения;

• слова благодарности;

• прощание.

A. A Case of Common Cold The patient is feverish, has a blocked nose, a sore throat, a bad headache, a cough. His/her temperature is 37.4°C. The patient has no appetite and is thirsty all the time. He/she is not quite himself/herself, weak and sleepy.

The doctor feels the patient's pulse, listens to the lungs, takes his/ her temperature, has a look at the throat. The examination confirms the patient's complaints.

The prescription: nasal drops, to gargle (["ga:gl] - полоскать) the throat with a saline solution (["seilain s?"lu:?n] - солевой раствор) every hour, aspirin when the temperature is high, a lot of tea with lemon, liquid diet.

B. A Case of Indigestion

The patient complains of abdominal pains, diarrhea, nausea. He' she has even vomited 2 times. No appetite, even water is intolerable-The patient feels weak.

The doctor palpates the patient's abdomen and finds out tenderness, has a look at the tongue which is coated (обложен), takes the patient's temperature which is normal. The doctor administers blood, urine and feces (["f i:si:z] - кал) tests and ultrasound examination. The counts of the routine tests do not show any dangerous infectious disease. The ultrasound examination does not reveal any liver, gall bladder or pancreas pathology. The condition is due to food poisoning.

The prescription: medicine for the stomach -1 tablet 2 times a day before meals; diet; having a rest for a couple of days.

100. A Case of Heart Trouble

The patient complains of pain in the chest, fatigue, shortness of breath on walking, vertigo.

The doctor listens to the patient's heart and lungs, takes his/her blood pressure and temperature, feels his/her pulse and takes a cardiogram.

The patient's pulse is irregular, cardiography shows some pathology.

The prescription: fresh air, rest, diet free of animal fats, a lot of fruit and vegetables, a sedative (1 tablet 2 hours before going to bed), drops for the heart (30-40 drops 3 times a day after meals).

4. A Case of a Broken Arm

The patient complains of a severe pain in the arm. He/she can't move the fingers.

The doctor palpates the arm and tries to bend it. The patient screams with pain. The doctor does an X-ray examination which reveals a fracture (['frasktjs] - перелом). The doctor puts the arm into Plaster of Paris (гипс) and prescribes an analgesic. The patient is to come for a check-up in a month.

§ 13. AT THE PHARMACY

When one receives a prescription from the doctor or follows a home treatment he needs medicines, which can be bought at the pharmacy. There are usually two departments in the pharmacy: the chemist's department and the prescription department. At the chemist's department the drugs can be bought right on the spot. At the prescription department you'll have to wait until the medicine is made according to the doctor's administrations. Each medicine has a special label or a signature to indicate the right dosage, chemical composition, possible side effects, indications and contraindications. There also must be a note about the manufacturer, hygienic and scientific tests and expiration date.

All drugs lie on the shelves or axe kept in special cabinets. There are small parcels of different powders, ampules of glucose and camphor used for intravenous and intramuscular injections, tubes of healing ointments, different pills and tablets.

All medicines are originally classified by chemical group, by the way they work in the body and by their therapeutic use. Alkaloids were the first pure Pharmaceuticals derived from natural substances; they include quinine, nicotine, atropine, and morphine. Drugs of animal origin include glandular extracts containing hormones, such as insulin for use in treating diabetes. Antibiotics, vaccines, human blood-plasma fractions, and steroid hormones are also manufactured from natural substances. Many drugs are added to water, alcohol, or another solvent so that they can be used in solution form. These may include spirits, elixirs, and tinctures. Ointments are one of many semisolid preparations, which also include creams, pastes, and jellies. Solid Pharmaceuticals include pills, tablets, lozenges, and suppositories. The chemist usually divides the drugs into groups according to common ailments; for example the remedies taken in the case of digestive disorders or stomachache, laxatives, vitamins, pain or fever relievers and so on. Some pharmacies also have a special homeopathic department with different healing herbs and drops of natural origin.

Aside from the medicines of all kinds every pharmacy provides its customers with a wide range of stuff used for medical care - hot water bottles, medicine droppers, bandages, etc. In big English or American drug store chains like CVS or United Drugs you can find a lot of things that are not connected to the medicine - cosmetics, toothpaste, shampoos, dental care products and others.

Словарь:
on the spot	- сразу же
according to	- согласно, в соответствии с
expiration date	- срок годности
healing ointment	- лечебная мазь

f-
derive	- получать, извлекать
glandular	- железистый
solvent	- растворитель
tincture	- тинктура, настойка
semisolid preparations	- полутвердые препараты
lozenge	- пастилка
suppository	- суппозиторий (например свечи)
ailment	- заболевание