I. Fill in the gaps with the words from the list.

worldwide, genes, wasting, decline, acquired, identified, surface, fetus

1. AIDS stands for _________ immunodeficiency syndrome.

2. Millions of AIDS cases have been diagnosed _________ .

3. The virus attaches to CD4 receptor molecules on the _________ of these cells, which are often called CD4 cells.

4. HIV enters CD4 cells and inserts its own _________ into the cell's reproductive system.

5. HIV commonly causes a severe " __________ syndrome", resulting in substantial weight loss, a general _________ in health, and, in some cases, death.

6. Researchers have __________ three ways in which HIV is transmitted: (1) sexual intercourse, (2) direct contact with infected blood, and (3) transmission from an infected woman to her _________ or baby.

II. Fill in the correct preposition. Use one of them twice.

to, throughout, in, through, from, into

1. People who inject drugs ... their bodies can be exposed to infected blood.

2. HIV-1 occurs ... the world.

3. HIV attaches ... CD4 receptor molecules.

4. HIV commonly causes a severe "wasting syndrome," resulting ... substantial weight loss, a general decline ... health, and, in some cases, death.

5. Transmission may also occur from an HIV-infected mother to her baby ... breast-feeding.

6. No known cases of AIDS have resulted ... sharing eating utensils, bathrooms, locker rooms, living space, or classrooms.

III. Match each word from column a with its opposite from column b.

A	В
1. cause	a. to extract
2. related	b. to detach
3. to attach	c. gain
4. to insert	d. improvement
5. loss	e. unconnected
6. decline	f. expressed
7. latent	g. to protect
8. to expose	h. to repress
9. to spread	i. effect

IV. Replace the underlined words with their synonyms from the list.

signs, intense, toilets, continuous, in the end, show, generally, declining, considerable, ailments, dividing

1. People infected with HIV eventually develop symptoms that also may be caused by other less serious conditions.

2. With HIV infection, however, these symptoms are prolonged and often more severe.

3. HIV commonly causes a severe "wasting syndrome", resulting in substantial weight loss, a general decline in health, and, in some cases, death.

4. Studies indicate that HIV is not transmitted through air, food, or water, or by insects.

5. No known cases of AIDS have resulted from sharing eating uten­sils, bathrooms, locker rooms, living space, or classrooms.

V. Answer the following questions.

1. What is AIDS?

2. When and where were the first cases of AIDS identified?

3. When and where did researchers detect HIV in a specimen for the first time?

4. What is AIDS caused by?

5. Where do HIV-1 and HIV-2 occur?

6. What cells does HIV infect?

7. What are the symptoms of HIV?

8. What are the periods in AIDS flow?

9. What are the ways of HIV transmission?

10. What are the ways of preventing HIV transmission?

11. How is HIV not transmitted?

VI. Say whether the following statements are true or false.

1. The virus named HIV-1 occurs mainly in Africa.

2. HIV-2 occurs throughout the world.

3. HIV destroys CD4 cells as fast as they are produced.

4. There are six periods in AIDS flow.

5. An infected person can transmit the virus to another person only if symptoms are present.

6. All people who have the virus know about it.

7. People who have the virus may look and feel completely well.

VII. Fill in the words from the list, then make sentences using the completed phrases.

key, eating, yeast, closely, transmit, share, weight, health-care, immu­nodeficiency, develop

1. __________ related

2. __________ role

3. __________ symptoms

4. __________ infections

5. __________ loss

6. __________ a virus

7. __________ needles

8. __________workers

9. __________utensils

10._________ syndrome

58. Antibiotics.

Антибіотики.

1. Обґрунтування доцільності профілактичних заходів щодо низки хвороб;

2. Аналіз, порівняння, систематизація й коментування одержаної інформації;

3. Вміння робити власні висновки.

Text 1

Read the text and correct the false statements.

1. Antibiotic is a kind of microbes.

2. Antibiotics damage all cells of the body.

3. The number of deaths that are caused by meningitis, pneumonia, and scarlet fever had declined before people began using antibiotics.

4. Antibiotics are not effective in treating infectious diseases in animals.