Книги по МРТ КТ на английском языке / MRI for Orthopaedic Surgeons Khanna ed 2010
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MRI for Orthopaedic Surgeons
MRI for Orthopaedic Surgeons
Edited by
A. Jay Khanna, MD, MBA
Associate Professor
Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Co-Director
Division of Spine Surgery
Johns Hopkins Orthopaedic Surgery at Good Samaritan Hospital
Baltimore, Maryland
Thieme
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
MRI for orthopaedic surgeons / [edited by] A. Jay Khanna. p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-60406-022-5 (alk. paper)
1. Musculoskeletal system—Diseases. 2. Magnetic resonance imaging. I. Khanna, A. Jay.
[DNLM: 1. Musculoskeletal Diseases—diagnosis. 2. Magnetic Resonance Imaging—methods. WE 141 M9388 2009] RC925.M75 2009
617.4’707548—dc22
2009016354
Copyright © 2010 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. This book, including all parts thereof, is legally protected by copyright. Any use, exploitation, or commercialization outside the narrow limits set by copyright legislation without the publisher’s consent is illegal and liable to prosecution. This applies in particular to photostat reproduction, copying, mimeographing or duplication of any kind, translating, preparation of microfilms, and electronic data processing and storage.
Important note: Medical knowledge is ever-changing. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy may be required. The authors and editors of the material herein have consulted sources believed to be reliable in their e orts to provide information that is complete and in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error by the authors, editors, or publisher of the work herein or changes in medical knowledge, neither the authors, editors, or publisher, nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation of this work, warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they are not responsible for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of such information. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. For example, readers are advised to check the product information sheet included in the package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the information contained in this publication is accurate and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose
or in the contraindications for administration. This recommendation is of particular importance in connection with new or infrequently used drugs.
Some of the product names, patents, and registered designs referred to in this book are in fact registered trademarks or proprietary names even though specific reference to this fact is not always made in the text. Therefore, the appearance of a name without designation as proprietary is not to be construed as a representation by the publisher that it is in the public domain.
Printed in China
5 4 3 2 1
ISBN 978-1-60406-022-5
To my parents, Mona and Surinder, who have always helped me achieve my dreams.
To my wife, Roma, the woman of my dreams.
To my children, Rajan and Priya, for whom I have so many dreams.
Contents
Foreword .................................................................................................................................................................................................... |
ix |
Frank J. Frassica |
|
Preface......................................................................................................................................................................................................... |
xi |
Acknowledgments................................................................................................................................................................................. |
xiii |
Contributors ............................................................................................................................................................................................. |
xv |
Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................................................................... |
xix |
I Initial Concepts |
|
|
1. Essentials of MRI Physics and Pulse Sequences .................................................................................................................. |
3 |
|
|
Rick W. Obray, Douglas P. Beall, John D. Reeder, John A. Carrino, and Laura M. Fayad |
|
2. |
Normal MRI Anatomy of the Musculoskeletal System.................................................................................................... |
17 |
|
J. Dana Dunleavy, A. Jay Khanna, and John A. Carrino |
|
3. |
A Systematic Approach to the Review of Musculoskeletal MRI Studies...................................................................... |
77 |
|
A. Jay Khanna |
|
II Upper Extremity |
|
|
4. |
The Shoulder.............................................................................................................................................................................. |
97 |
|
Adam J. Farber, A. Jay Khanna, Laura M. Fayad, Timothy S. Johnson, and Edward G. McFarland |
|
5. |
The Elbow ................................................................................................................................................................................. |
118 |
|
Lance M. Brunton, Mark W. Anderson, and A. Bobby Chhabra |
|
6. |
The Wrist and Hand ............................................................................................................................................................... |
129 |
|
Lance M. Brunton, Mark W. Anderson, and A. Bobby Chhabra |
|
III Lower Extremity
7. |
The Hip ...................................................................................................................................................................................... |
147 |
|
Michael K. Shindle, Bryan T. Kelly, Luis E. Moya, and Douglas N. Mintz |
|
8. |
The Knee ................................................................................................................................................................................... |
164 |
|
Brett M. Cascio, A. Jay Khanna, Sergio A. Glait, Andrew J. Cosgarea, Timothy S. Johnson, and John D. Reeder |
|
9. The Foot and Ankle................................................................................................................................................................ |
202 |
|
|
Daniel J. Durand, John A. Carrino, Meena W. Shatby, Ali Moshirfar, and John T. Campbell |
|
viii Contents
IV Spine
10. |
The Cervical Spine................................................................................................................................................................. |
229 |
|
Lukas P. Zebala, Jacob M. Buchowski, Aditya R. Daftary, Joseph R. O’Brien, John A. Carrino, and A. Jay Khanna |
|
11. |
The Lumbar and Thoracic Spine........................................................................................................................................ |
269 |
|
Gbolahan O. Okubadejo, Aditya R. Daftary, Jacob M. Buchowski, John A. Carrino, and A. Jay Khanna |
|
12. |
Tumors of the Spine.............................................................................................................................................................. |
316 |
|
Daniel M. Sciubba, Bruce A. Wasserman, and Ziya L. Gokaslan |
|
13. |
The Pediatric Spine ............................................................................................................................................................... |
338 |
|
A. Jay Khanna, Bruce A. Wasserman, and Paul D. Sponseller |
|
V Special Considerations
14. |
Articular Cartilage ................................................................................................................................................................ |
353 |
|
Michael K. Shindle, Li Foong Foo, Bryan T. Kelly, and Hollis G. Potter |
|
15. |
Soft-Tissue and Bone Tumors ............................................................................................................................................. |
370 |
|
Derek F. Papp, A. Jay Khanna, Edward F. McCarthy, Laura M. Fayad, Adam J. Farber, and Frank J. Frassica |
|
16. |
Advanced Techniques in Musculoskeletal MRI .............................................................................................................. |
397 |
|
Douglas E. Ramsey, Rick W. Obray, Priya D. Prabhakar, and John A. Carrino |
|
17. |
Correlation of MRI with Other Imaging Studies............................................................................................................ |
414 |
|
Uma Srikumaran, Laura M. Fayad, and A. Jay Khanna |
|
18. |
MRI Safety ............................................................................................................................................................................... |
425 |
|
Monica D. Watkins and Bruce A. Wasserman |
|
Index......................................................................................................................................................................................................... |
|
431 |
Foreword
The ability to accurately interpret an MRI study of a given anatomic region is essential to the practice of orthopaedic surgery. Until now, we have taught orthopaedic surgeons- in-training how to evaluate such studies in a rather informal manner: in the o ce, in conferences, and in the operating room. In most cases, the orthopaedic surgeon learns the skill of interpreting MRI studies through his or her own experience, through interaction with the radiologists who interpret the studies, and perhaps by attending a continuing medical education conference or reviewing a textbook on the topic. At our institution, the orthopaedic surgeons work closely with the Department of Radiology and, specifically, the Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging. For example, for a patient with a musculoskeletal tumor, I review all of the imaging studies with an experienced musculoskeletal radiologist and pathologist before proceeding with a treatment plan of observation, biopsy, or resection. This interaction occurs in our daily clinic sessions and during our weekly MRI conference, at which orthopaedic surgeons, musculoskeletal radiologists, pathologists, and other clinicians evaluate the studies and review the clinical history together. We make fewer mistakes when we work together.
MRI for Orthopaedic Surgeons is written by orthopaedic surgeons and radiologists for the purpose of providing a more formal process of teaching the technique and the fund of knowledge necessary to accurately interpret various MRI pulse sequences. This textbook is edited by Dr. Jay Khanna, who is a passionate educator and clinician with a background
in radiology and orthopaedic surgery. His knowledge comes from seeing patients every day and teaching students and residents. Dr. Khanna has assembled an experienced team of orthopaedic surgeons and radiologists from within our institution and throughout the country who have the expertise and passion to make this book the standard for educating individuals interested in the musculoskeletal system.
The book is organized into five focused sections: initial concepts, upper extremity, lower extremity, spine, and special considerations. The region-specific chapters have a common format that very e ectively teaches the reader how to evaluate imaging studies of that section of the musculoskeletal system. The many MR images are of superb quality, and the numerous line drawings illustrate key anatomy and pathology principles very clearly.
This text will not only benefit orthopaedic surgeons and radiologists but will also serve as an excellent resource for everyone who cares for the musculoskeletal system: primary care physicians, emergency department physicians, physiatrists, neurologists, physical therapists, and nurses. This wonderful textbook will be well worn with daily use.
Frank J. Frassica, MD
Chairman and Robert A. Robinson Professor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
The Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland
ix