- •Передмова
- •The noun
- •Guide to Forming Plurals
- •Irregular plurals
- •Inanimate nouns in personification
- •Exercises
- •London Favourite Stores
- •The article
- •Special difficulties in the use of articles
- •Exercises
- •Esop and his Fables
- •The farmer and his Sons
- •In Search of …Good Job
- •Exercise 23
- •The adjective
- •The Category of Degrees of Comparison
- •Irregular Comparative and Superlative Forms
- •Comparative Constructions with the Adjectives
- •Some difficulties in the use of the Adjective: Degrees of Comparison
- •Adjectives referring to Countries, Nationalities and Languages
- •Nationalities
- •Compound Adjectives
- •Word Order of Adjectives before a Noun
- •Noun modifiers
- •Adverbs Or Adjectives: confusing cases.
- •Adjectives ending in –ed: pronunciation
- •Exercises
- •Never Again!
- •Exercise 25
- •A Bigger Heart
- •Modal verbs
- •Can / could
- •Exercises
- •May / might
- •Exercises
- •Must, have to, be to
- •Exercises
- •____________ Have to
- •Dare and need
- •Exercises
- •Shall / should, ought to
- •Exercises
- •How would you cope around the world?
- •Will / would
- •Exercises
- •General review of all modals
- •Instructions:
- •(The Verbals)
- •The Infinitive
- •The Predicative
- •The Object
- •The Attribute
- •The Adverbial Modifier of Purpose
- •The Adverbial Modifier of Result.
- •The Secondary Predicative
- •Infinitive without Particle to (Bare Infinitive)
- •Omitted “to”
- •Reduced Infinitive
- •Infinitive constructions
- •The Objective-with-the-Infinitive Construction
- •The Subjective Infinitive Construction
- •The Subject
- •The Object
- •Beach Safety
- •Exercise 35
- •It is important / useful / necessary /
- •The gerund
- •The Subject
- •The Predicative
- •The Direct Object
- •The Prepositional Object
- •The Attribute
- •The Adverbial Modifier
- •The Subject
- •The Predicative
- •The Direct Object
- •The Prepositional Object
- •The Attribute
- •The Adverbial Modifier
- •Exercises
- •The participle
- •The Objective Participial Construction
- •The Subjective Participial Construction
- •The Nominative Absolute Participial Construction
- •Exercises
- •Survival for hikers
- •Exercise 34
- •General review of all verbals
- •Forms Expressing Unreality in Different Types of Subordinate Clauses
- •The Use of the Subjunctive Mood in Conditional Sentences
- •The First Conditional
- •The Second Conditional
- •The Third Conditional
- •Exercises
- •Exercise 10
- •In the President’s Chair
- •Would you stay silent if …
- •Would you feel afraid of if …
- •Would you cry if …
- •List of Sources
- •Internet Sources
- •Contents
Word Order of Adjectives before a Noun
General |
Size |
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Description |
Shape |
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Opinion |
Condition |
Age |
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Temperature |
Colour |
Origin |
Modifier |
Type |
NOUN |
fine |
round |
white |
English |
maple |
writing |
table |
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Noun modifiers
material |
operation |
power |
Place/purpose |
NOUN |
steel |
automatic |
electric |
lawn |
table |
NOTE: 1. Although a long string of modifiers is possible, one will rarely use more than four or five before one noun.
2. When there are two adjectives in front of a noun commas are used to separate those which are equally important (i.e. when the order of the first two could easily be reverse); a comma is put after the quality adjective: The porter led me to a beautiful, bright clean room. Joy is engaged to a daring, very attractive young Air Force pilot.
Adverbs Or Adjectives: confusing cases.
Some words ending in –ly are normally adjectives not adverbs. Common examples: costly, cowardly, deadly, friendly, likely, lively, lonely, silly, ugly, unlikely. There are no adverbs friendlily, lovelily. Compare: She gave me a friendly smile. – She smiled in a friendly way. ( BUT NOT: She smiled friendly.) He gave a silly laugh. (BUT NOT: He laughed silly.)
Daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, early and leisurely are both adjectives and adverbs. It’s a daily paper. (ADJ)- It comes out daily. (ADV); an early train (ADJ)- I got up early. (ADV)
ADJECTIVES: -IC or –ICAL?
Many adjectives end in –ic or –ical. There is no general rule to tell you which form is correct in a particular case.
Some of these words ended in –ical in older English, e.g. fantastical..
New adjectives which come into the language generally end in –ic, except for those in –logical. |
Academic, artistic, athletic, catholic, domestic, dramatic, emphatic, energetic, fantastic, linguistic, majestic, neurotic, pathetic, phonetic, public, semantic, syntactic, systematic, tragic. |
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Biological (and many other adjectives ending in –logical), chemical, critical, grammatical, logical, mathematical, medical, musical, physical, surgical, tactical, topical. |
Classic – classical Classic usually refers to a famous or supreme example of its type. Classical refers to the culture of ancient Greece or Rome, or to European works of art of the so-called “classical period” in the 18th century. Classical music often refers simply to any serious music, especially older music. Comic – comical Comic is the normal adjective for artistic comedy. Comical is a rather old-fashioned word meaning “funny”. Economic – economical Economic refers to the science of economics, or to the economy of a country, state, etc. Economical means ‘not wishing money”. Electric – electrical Electric is used with the names of particular machines that work by electricity. Note also: an electric shock, an electric atmosphere (full of excitement). Electrical is used before more general words. Historic – historical Historic is used in the sense of “making history”. Historical means “connected with history” or “really existing in history”. NOTE: a historic event is one that is important or famous, while a historical event is one that is supported by the evidence of history. |
Vosne Romanee is a classic French wine. She’s studying classical languages. It’s hard to learn classical guitar.
Comic verse, comic opera
Shakespeare’s comic technique A comical expression
Economic theory, economic problems
An economical little car
Electric heater, electric motor
Electrical appliances, electrical equipment, electrical engineering
Historic date, historic conference, historic ground, historic spots Historical research, a historical novel, a historical figure
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