Do get go ride say use

1. Do you know how to get to John’s house?

2. Can you show me ______ ______ this washing machine?

3. Would you know ______ ______ if there was a fire in the building?

4. You'll never forget ______ ______ a bicycle once you have learned.

5. I was really astonished. I didn't know ______ ______.

6. I've been invited to the party but I don't know ______ ______ or not.

NOTE 7: “to-infinitive” is used after the first / the second / the third, etc. and also after the next, the last, the only: e.g. Everybody was late except me. I was the only one to arrive on time.

2.10 Complete the second sentence using the words in brackets + to-infinitive:

1. Nobody left before me. (the first) I was the first person to leave.

2. Everybody else arrived before Paul. (the last) Paul was the __________.

3. Fiona passed the exam. All the other students failed. (the only) Fiona was ________________.

4. I complained to the restaurant manager about the service. Another customer had already complained before me. (the second) I was ________________.

5. Neil Armstrong walked on the moon in 1969. Nobody had done this before him. (the first) Neil Armstrong was ________________________________.

NOTE 8: the infinitive without “to” is used:

• After modal verbs: e.g. You must be back at 12 o’clock.

• After had better / would rather: e.g. I’d rather go to the theatre.

• After make / let / see / hear / feel + object in the active voice: e.g. Mum let me watch TV. I made him apologise. But in the passive form “to-infinitive” is used: e.g. He was made to apologise.

• After “Why not…?”: e.g. Why not phone me tomorrow?

2.11 Rewrite the sentences, using the words given:

e.g. He arrived early. (I saw) – I saw him arrive early.

1. I didn't want to stay at home. (They made me)

2. She got out of the car. (We watched)

3. They allowed me to telephone my lawyer. (They let)

4. They left at eleven o'clock. (I heard)

5. The policeman told me to empty my pockets. (The policeman made)

6. The dog jumped through the window. (I saw)

7. Maybe the school will ask me to pay extra. (Do you think the school will make)

8. The animal moved. I felt it. (I felt the)

9. I want to leave the country. (Do you think the government will let)

2.12 Change the sentences as shown using either full or bare infinitives:

e.g. I couldn't understand the timetable. (wasn't able) – I wasn't able to understand the timetable.

1. It's important to eat enough. (You should)

2. I'd like to go sailing this summer. (I might)

3. She will probably get married in June. (She expects)

4. I said I would help her. (I agreed)

5. It's necessary to make careful plans. (We must)

6. Perhaps he's ill. (He seems)

7. I want to change my job. (I wish I could)

8. I may come and see you next week. (I hope)

9. You don't need to apologise. (You needn't)

10. They will open a new branch in North London. (They have decided)

NOTE 6: the perfect infinitive is used:

• In the third type of the conditional sentences: e.g. If he had phoned, I would have met him at the airport.

• With the modal verbs in the past: e.g. Who could have told him the news?

• After verbs such as want, expect, hope as a future perfect: e.g. I hope to have finished this by Christmas.

• After certain adjectives, as a past: e.g. I was disappointed to have missed him.

2.13 Rewrite these sentences using perfect infinitives:

e.g. I'm glad I've met you. – I’m glad to have met you.

1. I was sorry I had disturbed him.

2. I expect I'll have passed all my exams by June.

3. It seems that you made a mistake. (You seem ...)

4. I'm happy that I've had a chance to talk to you.

5. I was disappointed that I had missed the party.

6. It seems that she's got lost.

7. She was pleased that she had found the house.

2.14 Rewrite the sentences as shown:

e.g. She didn't marry a friend of her parents (was to) – She was to have married a friend of her parents.

1. I didn't see his face when he realised what had happened. (would like to)

2. He didn't finish all his work by three o'clock. (mean)

3. We didn't spend a week skiing. (were to)

4. It wasn't the happiest week of my life. (was to)

5. She didn't say goodbye to everybody before she left. (mean)

6. I didn't live in the seventeenth century. (would like)

7. He didn't play in the Cup Final. (was to)

NOTE 7: we can use “to” for the infinitive of a repeated verb if the meaning is clear: e.g. “Are you moving?” “We hope to.” (= We hope to move.) “Come and dance!” “I don’t want to.”

2.15 Put the beginnings and ends together:

BEGINNINGS

ENDS

1. 'Ann really upset Granny.' 2. 'Are you enjoying your new job?’ 3. 'Can I see you home?' 4. 'Can you mend this by Tuesday?' 5. 'Did you get my coat from the cleaner's?' 6. 'Do you collect stamps?' 7. 'Do you think he knows what he's doing?' 8. 'Do you want to come out with us tonight?' 9. 'Does she think she'll win?' 10. 'How would you and Sue like to spend the weekend with us?' 11. 'I think you ought to see the police about the people next door.' 12. 'Shall we go swimming?' 13. 'Should we book seats in advance?' 14. We'd like to move to a bigger house,

a) but we can't afford to. b) 'He seems to.' c) 'I don't really want to - it's too cold.' d) 'I intend to. They can't go on keeping the whole street awake every night.' e) 'I'd like to, but I'm working late.' f) I’ll try to, but I can't promise.' g) 'I'm sure she didn't mean to.' h) 'If you'd like to.' i) 'No, but I used to.' j) 'Sorry, I forgot to.' k) 'We don't need to - there's always plenty of room.' l) 'We'd love to.' m) 'Well, I m starting to. n) 'Yes, she expects to.'

NOTE 8: the subject of the infinitive or of the –ing form is omitted when it is the same as the subject of the main verb: e.g. They want to buy a new house.

When the subject of the infinitive or of the –ing form is different from the subject of the main verb, then an object pronoun (me, him, her, us) or a noun is place before the non-finite form: e.g. I want him to leave now.

2.16 Rephrase the following as in the example:

e.g. I must go to the gym to keep fit. – I want to go to the gym to keep fit.

1. He must eat less. – I want ______

2. They must tell her the truth. – I want ______

3. You must change your clothes. They're wet. – I want ______

4. She must get up early. – I want ______

5. I must learn to type. – He wants ______

6. She mustn't speak rudely. – I don't want ______

7. She must stay in bed for a week. – The doctor wants ______

8. They must leave early. – They want ______

9. They must apologise. – I want ______

NOTE 9: the “Subject-with-the Infinitive” construction:

The verbs believe, expect, feel, hope, know, report, say, think etc can be used in the following passive pattern:

e.g. People say she is rich. → Subject (person) + passive + to-infinitive → She is said to be rich. (see Passive Structures, page 53)