- •Укладач: Андрюшкiна I.О., викл.
- •1 Модуль
- •2 Модуль
- •3 Модуль
- •4 Модуль
- •Module 1
- •1. Pronouns
- •2. Nouns
- •Accommodation, advice, baggage, behavior, bread, chaos, damage, furniture, information, luck, luggage, news, permission, progress, scenery, traffic, weather, work, etc.
- •3. Adjectives (Comparisons)
- •Irregular forms:
- •Comparative constructions:
- •4. Present Simple
- •5. Present Continuous
- •6. Present Simple and Present Continuous
- •Stative verbs
- •7. Future Simple and Present tenses with the future meaning
- •Hold, carry, cost, take place, provide, sell, use
- •Be going to
- •Finish, complain, fall off, be, miss, die, rain, drive, work, fail
- •8. Present Perfect
- •Since, yet, for, already
- •In the laboratory ....
- •9. Past simple
- •Used to
- •Write, spend, work, hold, help, act, teach, set, tell, do
- •9.6 Grammar Quiz
- •10. Present Perfect Continuous
- •11. Past Continuous
- •Grammar quiz: Simple and Continuous
- •12. Past Perfect
- •13. Past Perfect Continuous
- •14. Revision
- •Test yourself: Tenses
- •Module 2
- •1. “Say” and “tell”
- •2. Reported statements
- •3. Reported Questions
- •4. Reported commands / requests / suggestions
- •5. Modals in Reported Speech
- •6. Introductory Verbs
- •Complain, advise, refuse, warn, beg, suggest, agree, exclaim, deny, offer, insist, apologise, threaten, accuse, prefer
- •7. Revision
- •Test yourself: reported speech
- •1. If the sentence is correct, put a tick (۷). If it is wrong, write the correct variant:
- •2. Read the letter and then complete the text:
- •Passive Voice
- •1. Formation and uses
- •Ship, pick, drink, take, dry, roast, prepare, sell, sort, plant Growing and preparing coffee.
- •Grown, cut, taught, locked, sent, explained, killed, given, built, driven
- •Cause, damage, hold, include, invite, make, overtake, show, translate, write
- •2. Changing from active into passive
- •Had been given, had been told, had never been taught, was given (twice), was offered, was promised, was sent, was shown, wasn't being paid
- •3. Passive structures
- •It _____________________________________________ (be) supposed to
- •Arrive, be, block, come, park, phone, start
- •Ask, break, damage, hurt, pay, steal, sting, stop, use
- •4. Revision
- •For Love or Money
- •Test yourself: passives
- •1. Circle a passive or active verb form:
- •2. Put simple present, simple past or future passive verbs into these sentences:
- •3. Circle the best way to continue:
- •4. Put present perfect or present continuous passive verbs into these sentences:
- •5. Use the words in italics as the subjects and verbs of passive sentences:
- •Module 3 “Modal Verbs”
- •I Functions of modal verbs with the Simple infinitives
- •1. We express ability with:
- •Come eat hear run sleep wait
- •2. We express possibility / probability with:
- •3. We express permission with: (asking for permission)
- •(Giving / refusing permission)
- •4. We make requests, offers or suggestions with:
- •5. We express advice with:
- •Do, not forget, get, give, have, invite, not let, open, start, not tell
- •6. We express obligation or necessity with:
- •7. We express absence of necessity or prohibition with:
- •E.G. You mustn’t touch those wires.
- •Do, get up, go, go, pay, shave, wait, work
- •8. Typical behaviour
- •Be drive fall keep listen make play ring take talk tell
- •9. Revision
- •II *Functions of modal verbs with the Perfect, Continuous and Perfect Continuous infinitives
- •1. Could have done
- •2. Must have done & can’t have done
- •3. May / might have done
- •4. Needn’t have done
- •5. Should have done
- •6. Revision exercises
- •6.3 * Moneybags case
- •Inspector North decided to interview all the suspects separately. Complete the dialogues with the modals in brackets. Sometimes more than one is possible, but use each modal at least once:
- •Test yourself: modal verbs
- •E.G. I'll be back tomorrow unless there's a strike.
- •Note 3: We use “in case” to talk about precautions – things we do to be ready for what might happen. After “in case” we use a present tense to talk about the future.
- •2. Type Two
- •Call an ambulance, complain to the manager, run away, try to catch it, walk to the nearest garage to get some, ring the police
- •3. Type Three
- •4. Revision 1
- •5. Mixed conditionals
- •5.4 * Match the clauses and write the mixed conditional sentences:
- •6. Wishes
- •7. It’s time…
- •I'd rather you phoned her.
- •8. Revision 2
- •I could visit my friend.
- •Test yourself: conditionals Supply the correct forms of the missing verbs:
- •Write Type 2 conditionals to match these situations:
- •Comment on the following situations:
- •Supply “if not” or “unless” in these sentences. Note where you could use either:
- •Use mixed tenses in these sentences:
- •Module 4 Non-finite forms of the verb
- •1. Gerund / ing-form
- •Do, swim, fly, play, run, try, travel, lie, get, ride
- •Answer, apply, be, be, listen, make, see, try, use, wash, work, write
- •2. Could you please stop ______ so much noise?
- •About, of, in, to, after, by, for, on, at, without
- •Look in a dictionary, oil it, play loud music, rob a bank, stroke it, switch on the ignition, take an aspirin, use an extinguisher
- •5. The shops are shut now. It's too late to ____________________.
- •2. Infinitive
- •Help, stay, find, speak, look after, telephone, buy, go, go out, get on
- •Do get go ride say use
- •3. Revision: Gerund or Infinitive?
- •4. Present Participle
- •5. Past Participle
- •2. It was surpris___ to see her.
- •Test yourself: non-finites Circle the correct answer.
- •Put in the correct form of the verb.
- •Circle the correct answer.
- •Rewrite the sentences with infinitives.
- •Circle the correct answer.
- •Appendix 1 Active Voice: Formation
- •Appendix 2 Passive Voice: Formation
- •Appendix 3 The -ing form is used :
- •Appendix 4 The to-infinitive is used:
- •Appendix 5 The infinitive without “to” is used:
- •7. Can; 8. Must; 9. Shouldn’t; 10. Must not; 11. Should; 12. Have to
- •13. I will be able to speak French soon. 14. Everybody had to fill in a big form last year. 15. Everybody will have to fill in a big form next year.
- •Appendix 6
- •Verbs with prepositions:
- •Resources:
- •Укладач: Андрюшкiна I.О., викл.
It _____________________________________________ (be) supposed to
Sometimes (be) supposed to = it is said to:
e.g. Let’s go and see that film. It is supposed to be very good. (= it is said to be very good)
e.g. “Why was he arrested?” “He is supposed to have kicked a policeman.” (= he is aid to have kicked a policeman)
3.4 People say a lot of things about Arthur. Nobody knows for sure whether these things are true or not. Write sentences about Arthur using (be) supposed to:
1. Arthur eats spiders. – Arthur is supposed to eat spiders.
2. He has 12 children.
3. He is very rich.
4. He robbed a bank a long rime ago.
5. He writes poetry.
But sometimes (be) supposed to has a different meaning. “Something is supposed to” = it is planned, arranged or expected. Often this is different from what really happens:
e.g. I’d better hurry. It’s nearly 8 o’clock and I’m supposed to be meeting Ann at 8.15. (= I have arranged to meet Ann, I said I would meet her)
e.g. You were supposed to clean the windows. Why didn’t you do it?
“You are not supposed to do something” = it is not allowed or advisable for you to do it:
e.g. You are not supposed to park your car here. It’s private parking only.
3.5 Now you have to use (be) supposed to with its other meaning. In each example what happens is different from what is supposed to happen. Use (be) supposed to + one of these verbs:
Arrive, be, block, come, park, phone, start
Some of the sentences are negative (like the first example):
You are not supposed to park here. It's private parking only.
The train was supposed to arrive at 11.30, but it was an hour late.
What are the children doing at home? They __________ at school at this time.
We __________ work at 8.15, but we rarely do anything before 8.30.
This door is a fire exit. You __________ it.
Oh dear! I __________ Ann but I completely forgot.
They arrived very early – at 2 o'clock. They __________ until 3.30.
Get
Sometimes you can use get instead of be in the passive:
e.g. There was a fight at the party but nobody got hurt. (= nobody was hurt)
e.g. I don’t often get invited to parties. (= I’m not often invited)
You can use get to say that something happens to somebody or something, especially if this is unplanned or unexpected:
e.g. Our dog got run over by a car.
You can use get only when things happen or change. For example, You can not use get in these sentences:
e.g. Jil is liked by everybody. (not “gets liked” – this is not a happening)
e.g. He was a mystery man. Nothing was known about him. (not “got known”)
We use get mainly in informal spoken English. You can use be in all situations.
We also use get in the following expressions (which are not passive in meaning): get married, get divorced, get dressed, get changed.
3.6 Complete the sentences using get/got + one of these verbs (in the correct form):
Ask, break, damage, hurt, pay, steal, sting, stop, use
1. There was a fight at the party but nobody got hurt.
2. Ted _____ _____ by a bee while he was sitting in the garden.
3. How did that window _____ _____?
4. These tennis courts don't _____ _____ very often. Not many people want to play.
5. I used to have a bicycle but it _____ _____.
6. Last night I _____ _____ by the police as I was driving home.
7. How much did you _____ _____ last month?
8. Please pack these things very carefully. I don't want them to _____ _____.
9. People often want to know what my job is. I often _____ _____ that question.