- •Укладач: Андрюшкiна I.О., викл.
- •1 Модуль
- •2 Модуль
- •3 Модуль
- •4 Модуль
- •Module 1
- •1. Pronouns
- •2. Nouns
- •Accommodation, advice, baggage, behavior, bread, chaos, damage, furniture, information, luck, luggage, news, permission, progress, scenery, traffic, weather, work, etc.
- •3. Adjectives (Comparisons)
- •Irregular forms:
- •Comparative constructions:
- •4. Present Simple
- •5. Present Continuous
- •6. Present Simple and Present Continuous
- •Stative verbs
- •7. Future Simple and Present tenses with the future meaning
- •Hold, carry, cost, take place, provide, sell, use
- •Be going to
- •Finish, complain, fall off, be, miss, die, rain, drive, work, fail
- •8. Present Perfect
- •Since, yet, for, already
- •In the laboratory ....
- •9. Past simple
- •Used to
- •Write, spend, work, hold, help, act, teach, set, tell, do
- •9.6 Grammar Quiz
- •10. Present Perfect Continuous
- •11. Past Continuous
- •Grammar quiz: Simple and Continuous
- •12. Past Perfect
- •13. Past Perfect Continuous
- •14. Revision
- •Test yourself: Tenses
- •Module 2
- •1. “Say” and “tell”
- •2. Reported statements
- •3. Reported Questions
- •4. Reported commands / requests / suggestions
- •5. Modals in Reported Speech
- •6. Introductory Verbs
- •Complain, advise, refuse, warn, beg, suggest, agree, exclaim, deny, offer, insist, apologise, threaten, accuse, prefer
- •7. Revision
- •Test yourself: reported speech
- •1. If the sentence is correct, put a tick (۷). If it is wrong, write the correct variant:
- •2. Read the letter and then complete the text:
- •Passive Voice
- •1. Formation and uses
- •Ship, pick, drink, take, dry, roast, prepare, sell, sort, plant Growing and preparing coffee.
- •Grown, cut, taught, locked, sent, explained, killed, given, built, driven
- •Cause, damage, hold, include, invite, make, overtake, show, translate, write
- •2. Changing from active into passive
- •Had been given, had been told, had never been taught, was given (twice), was offered, was promised, was sent, was shown, wasn't being paid
- •3. Passive structures
- •It _____________________________________________ (be) supposed to
- •Arrive, be, block, come, park, phone, start
- •Ask, break, damage, hurt, pay, steal, sting, stop, use
- •4. Revision
- •For Love or Money
- •Test yourself: passives
- •1. Circle a passive or active verb form:
- •2. Put simple present, simple past or future passive verbs into these sentences:
- •3. Circle the best way to continue:
- •4. Put present perfect or present continuous passive verbs into these sentences:
- •5. Use the words in italics as the subjects and verbs of passive sentences:
- •Module 3 “Modal Verbs”
- •I Functions of modal verbs with the Simple infinitives
- •1. We express ability with:
- •Come eat hear run sleep wait
- •2. We express possibility / probability with:
- •3. We express permission with: (asking for permission)
- •(Giving / refusing permission)
- •4. We make requests, offers or suggestions with:
- •5. We express advice with:
- •Do, not forget, get, give, have, invite, not let, open, start, not tell
- •6. We express obligation or necessity with:
- •7. We express absence of necessity or prohibition with:
- •E.G. You mustn’t touch those wires.
- •Do, get up, go, go, pay, shave, wait, work
- •8. Typical behaviour
- •Be drive fall keep listen make play ring take talk tell
- •9. Revision
- •II *Functions of modal verbs with the Perfect, Continuous and Perfect Continuous infinitives
- •1. Could have done
- •2. Must have done & can’t have done
- •3. May / might have done
- •4. Needn’t have done
- •5. Should have done
- •6. Revision exercises
- •6.3 * Moneybags case
- •Inspector North decided to interview all the suspects separately. Complete the dialogues with the modals in brackets. Sometimes more than one is possible, but use each modal at least once:
- •Test yourself: modal verbs
- •E.G. I'll be back tomorrow unless there's a strike.
- •Note 3: We use “in case” to talk about precautions – things we do to be ready for what might happen. After “in case” we use a present tense to talk about the future.
- •2. Type Two
- •Call an ambulance, complain to the manager, run away, try to catch it, walk to the nearest garage to get some, ring the police
- •3. Type Three
- •4. Revision 1
- •5. Mixed conditionals
- •5.4 * Match the clauses and write the mixed conditional sentences:
- •6. Wishes
- •7. It’s time…
- •I'd rather you phoned her.
- •8. Revision 2
- •I could visit my friend.
- •Test yourself: conditionals Supply the correct forms of the missing verbs:
- •Write Type 2 conditionals to match these situations:
- •Comment on the following situations:
- •Supply “if not” or “unless” in these sentences. Note where you could use either:
- •Use mixed tenses in these sentences:
- •Module 4 Non-finite forms of the verb
- •1. Gerund / ing-form
- •Do, swim, fly, play, run, try, travel, lie, get, ride
- •Answer, apply, be, be, listen, make, see, try, use, wash, work, write
- •2. Could you please stop ______ so much noise?
- •About, of, in, to, after, by, for, on, at, without
- •Look in a dictionary, oil it, play loud music, rob a bank, stroke it, switch on the ignition, take an aspirin, use an extinguisher
- •5. The shops are shut now. It's too late to ____________________.
- •2. Infinitive
- •Help, stay, find, speak, look after, telephone, buy, go, go out, get on
- •Do get go ride say use
- •3. Revision: Gerund or Infinitive?
- •4. Present Participle
- •5. Past Participle
- •2. It was surpris___ to see her.
- •Test yourself: non-finites Circle the correct answer.
- •Put in the correct form of the verb.
- •Circle the correct answer.
- •Rewrite the sentences with infinitives.
- •Circle the correct answer.
- •Appendix 1 Active Voice: Formation
- •Appendix 2 Passive Voice: Formation
- •Appendix 3 The -ing form is used :
- •Appendix 4 The to-infinitive is used:
- •Appendix 5 The infinitive without “to” is used:
- •7. Can; 8. Must; 9. Shouldn’t; 10. Must not; 11. Should; 12. Have to
- •13. I will be able to speak French soon. 14. Everybody had to fill in a big form last year. 15. Everybody will have to fill in a big form next year.
- •Appendix 6
- •Verbs with prepositions:
- •Resources:
- •Укладач: Андрюшкiна I.О., викл.
6. Wishes
|
|
Form |
Use |
|
I wish (wish/regret about the present) |
+ Past Simple
|
Wish/regret about a present situation we want to be different |
|
e.g. I wish you worked more efficiently. (It’s a pity you don’t work more efficiently) e.g. I wish I could drive a car. (But I can’t) | ||
|
I wish (regret about the past) |
+ Past Perfect |
Regret that something happened or didn’t happen in the past |
|
e.g. I wish I had attended the seminar last Monday. (But I didn’t. it’s a pity I didn’t attend it.) | ||
|
I wish (impossible wish for a future change)
|
+ subject + would + bare infinitive
(wish and would should have different subjects) |
Wish for a future change unlikely to happen or wish to express dissatisfaction; polite request implying dissatisfaction or lack of hope |
|
e.g. I wish he would drive more carefully. (But I don’t think he will. – wish for a future change unlikely to happen); e.g. I wish the children would be more cooperative. (The children have refused to cooperate. – dissatisfaction) | ||
NOTE 1: In wishes we go one tense back – we use the Past Simple in the present and the Past Perfect in the past.
NOTE 2: We can use were instead of was in all persons.
NOTE 3: if only means the same as I wish but it is more dramatic: e.g. If only I were richer!
6.1 Rewrite these sentences using I wish + past simple:
e.g. I'd love to live in Australia. – I wish I lived in Australia.
e.g. I hate having to go to school on Saturdays. – I wish I didn't have to go to school on Saturdays.
1. Why don't we go away more often?
2. I'd love to be a film star.
3. Why don't we have a bigger house?
4. I'd love to speak more languages.
5. I'd love to be able to cook.
6. Why is the school so expensive?
7. I never have enough money: it would be nice to have more.
8. I hate having to do homework every night.
9. He smokes.
10. I don’t speak Russian.
6.2 Rewrite these sentences using I wish + past perfect:
e.g. I decided to work in London. – I wish I hadn't decided to work in London.
e.g. We didn't go to Alan's party. – I wish we'd gone to Alan's party.
1. We went to live with my parents in Surrey.
2. I decided to stop working as a bus driver.
3. We put our money into a grocery shop.
4. We borrowed £3,000 to start the business.
5. We didn't realise that a supermarket was opening nearby.
6. The grocery shop closed down.
7. We lost all our money.
8. It was a mistake to leave Manchester.
6.3 Mr and Mrs Reynolds are worried about their children. Write what they want them to do, using I wish + would:
e.g. John never comes home before twelve o'clock. – I wish John would come home before twelve o'clock.
e.g. Sheila isn't very polite to her grandparents. – I wish Sheila would be more polite to her grandparents.
1. Peter doesn't wash very often.
2. Susan isn't working very hard for her exams.
3. John doesn't help with the housework.
4. I'd like Peter to give up smoking.
5. Sheila takes too many days off work.
6. I don't like John playing football all the time.
7. Sheila and Susan are very unkind to Peter.
8. John doesn't wear a tie very often.
6.6 Answer 'Yes' or 'No' and circle (A) or (B):
1. I wish I had a big car. – Do I have a big car?
Am I talking about (A) the present? (B) the past?
2. I wish I'd gone to university. – Did I go to university?
Am I talking about (A) the present? (B) the past?
3. If only she'd take the new job. – Has she agreed to take the new job?
Am I talking about (A) the past? (B) the present/future?
4. I wish they hadn't phoned the police. – Did they phone the police?
Am I talking about (A) the past? (B) the present/future?
5. I wish she spoke French. – Can she speak French? Did she speak French?
Are we talking about (A) the past? (ii) the present?
6. I wish she would speak French. – Can she speak French? Is she speaking French?
Are we talking about (i) the past? (B) the present/future?
7. I wish I could agree with you. – Do I agree with you? Am I going to change my mind?
Am I talking about (A) the past? (B) the present?
8. If only he'd agreed with us. – Did he agree with us?
Am I talking about (A) the present? (B) the past?