Wording Mathematical Formulae
,
plus
over
minus
is
equal to
plus
over
minus
.
,
cubed is equal to the logarithm of to the base .
,
a)
of
is
equal to
,
square
brackets, parenthesis,
divided
by
sub
plus
2, close parenthesis, to the power
over
minus
1, minus 1, close square brackets;
b) of is equal to multiplied by the whole quantity: the quantity two plus over sub , to the power over minus 1, minus 1.
,
the
absolute value of the quantity
sub
of
one,
minus
sub
of
two,
is less than or equal to the absolute value of the quantity
of
minus
over
,
minus
of
minus
over
.
,
is
equal to the maximum over
of the sum from
equals one to
equals
of
the modulus of
of
,
where
lies
in the closed interval
and
where
runs from one to
.
,
the
limit as
becomes
infinite of the integral of
of
and
of
plus
delta
of
,
with
respect to
,
from
to
,
is equal to the integral of
of
and
of
with
respect to
,
from
to
.
sub
minus
sub
plus
1 of
is equal to
sub
minus
sub
plus
1, times
to
the power
times
sub
plus
.
,
sub
adjoint of
is equal to minus 1 to the
,
times the
th
derivative of
sub zero conjugate times
,
plus, minus one
to the
minus
1, times
the
minus first derivative of
sub one conjugate times
,
plus … plus
sub
conjugate
times
.
,
the
partial derivative of
of
lambda
sub
of
and
,
with respect to lambda, multiplied by lambda sub
prime of
,
plus the partial derivative of
with
arguments lambda sub
of
and
,
with
respect to
,
is
equal to 0.
,
the second derivative of with respect to , plus , times the quantity 1 plus of , is equal to zero.
,
of
is
equal to
sub
hut,
plus big
of
one over the absolute value of
,
as
absolute
becomes
infinite, with the argument of
equal to gamma.
,
sub minus 1 prime of is equal to the product from equal to zero to of, parenthesis, 1 minus sub squared, close parenthesis, to the power … epsilon minus 1.
,
of
and
is
equal to one over two
,
times
the integral of
of
and
,
over
minus
of
,
with respect to
along curve of the modulus of
minus one half, is equal to rho.
,
the
second partial (derivative) of
with
respect to
,
plus
to
the fourth power, times the Laplacian of the Laplacian of
,
is equal to zero, where
is
positive.
,
sub of is equal to one over two , times integral from minus infinity to plus infinity of dzeta to the of , to the divided by , with respect to , where is greater than 1.
Giving an Oral Presentation
Sub-skills |
Functions |
Recommended exponents |
Introducing a presentation |
Creating and introducing oneself |
Good morning/afternoon. My name 's .../I am ... Let me introduce myself. Let me start by saying a few words about ... |
General professional environment and routine |
Presenting the title/subject |
The subject of my presentation is ... The focus of my paper (academic) is ... Today I'd like to talk about... I'm going to tell you something about... |
Specifying the purpose/objective |
We are here today to decide/ agree/learn about ... The purpose of the talk/ presentation is ... The talk /presentation is designed to ... |
|
Signposting the presentation |
My presentation will be in ... parts. First/ Firstly/ First of all, I'll give you .... Second/secondly/Next/Then, ... Lastly/finally last of all.... I've divided my presentation into ... parts/sections. They are ... . I'll be developing ... main points. The first point will .... Second . … Lastly ... . |
|
Sequencing and linking ideas |
Sequencing / ordering |
Firstly ... , secondly ... , thirdly ... . Then ... next... finally/lastly ... Let's start with ... Let's move /go onto ... Now we come to ... That brings us to ... Let's leave that... That covers ... Let's go back to ... Let me turn now to ... |
Giving reasons/causes |
Therefore So, As a result, Consequently. That's why ... This is because of ... This is largely due to … It could lead to ... It may result in ... |
|
Contrasting |
But On the other hand. … Although ... . In spite of this, ... However, ... |
|
Comparing |
Similarly, In the same way, |
|
Contradicting |
In fact, Actually, |
|
Highlighting |
… in particular, … especially |
|
Digressing |
By the way, In passing, |
|
Giving examples |
For example, For instance, Such as A good example of this is … To illustrate this point, ... |
|
Generalising |
Usually Generally As a rule |
|
Involving the audience
|
Asking rhetorical questions |
What's the explanation for this? How can we explain this? How can we do about it? How will this affect ... ? What are the implications for … ? |
Referring to the audience |
As I'm sure you Know /we'd all agree … We have all experienced ... You may remember ... |
|
Describing and analysing performance1
|
Describing performance to date |
The ... performed well/poorly. The .. has/have shown considerable/slight growth/improvement/decrease... |
Analysing performance |
The main explanation for this is ... A particular/one/another reason is … A key problem is ...
|
|
Describing trends, charts and graphs |
There is/has been a slight/dramatic/considerable/significant/moderate decrease/fall/drop/collapse/rise/increase in … … . remain(s)/has remained constant/stable … … has/have decreased/increased/fallen/risen dramatically/considerably/slightly/moderately |
|
Using visual aids |
Preparing the audience for a visual |
Now, let's look at the position of... Now, I'll show you the ... For … the situation is very different. Let's move on now and took at ... The next slide shows ... If we now turn to the ... This chart compares ... and ... The (upper) part of the slide gives information about … You can see here the ... I'd like to draw your attention to ... |
Focusing the audience's attention |
You can see the ... As you can see ... What is interesting/important is ... I'd like to draw your attention to ... Notice/Observe the ... It is important/interesting to notice that … |
|
Ending a presentation |
Summarising |
To sum up... In brief... In short.... I'd like to sum up now … … I'll briefly summarise the main issues. Let me summarise briefly what I've said. if I can just sum up the main points. At this stage I'd /like to run through /to go over. Let's recap, shall we? |
Concluding |
In conclusion, ... To conclude, ... As you can see, there are some very good reasons ... I'd like to leave you with the following thought/idea.
|
|
Recommending |
My/our suggestion/proposal/recommendation would be/is to ... We recommend/I'd like to suggest/I propose setting up.... |
|
Closing formalities |
I'd be happy to answer any questions. If you have any questions, I'd be pleased to answer them. I would welcome any comments/suggestions. Thank you for your attention. |
|
Handling questions |
Clarifying questions |
So, what you are asking is ... If I understand the question correctly, you would like to know … When you say ... do you mean ...? I'm sorry, I didn't hear. Which slide was it? Sorry, could you repeat that? I'm not sure what you're getting at. |
Avoiding giving an answer |
Perhaps we could deal with that later. Can we talk about that another time? I'm afraid that's not my field. I don't have the figures with me. I'm sure Mr X could answer that question. That's interesting, but I'd prefer not to answer that today. I'm afraid I'm not the right person to answer that. Could we leave that till later? I'm not sure this is the right place/time to discuss this particular question. |
|
Checking the questioner is satisfied |
May we go on? Does that answer your question? Is that clear? |