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9. For each definition write a word from the text:

1. A device that can accept information, store it, process it, and present the results of the processing in some acceptable form.

2. The coded instructions.

3. The process by which information is put into the machine.

4. The process by which the results are moved out of the machine.

5. The mechanisms that can retain information during calculation and furnish it as needed to other parts of the machine.

6. The part of the machine which can carry out one or more of the basic arithmetic operations on the information held in storage.

7. The parts of the machine that dictate the functions to be performed by all the other parts.

Reading Comprehension

1. Review the whole text again. Outline the subject matter of the text, its components structure, topic sentences and main ideas. Use the following phrases:

The text deals with … (speaks about, presents, shows, points out, discusses, reviews, throws light on, traces the history of, etc)

The subject matter of the text is …

The text can be segmented into … paragraphs.

The first (second, third, fourth, etc.) paragraph considers … (deals with, informs of, describes, etc.)

The topic sentence of the first (second, third, fourth, etc.) paragraph is …

The main idea of the first (second/third/fourth, etc.) paragraph is …

The main idea of the text is …

The conclusion the author came to is …

The reasons for this conclusion are …

2. Say whether the following statements are true or false. Justify your choice. Use the given phrases:

It’s right. Quite so.

I quite (fully) agree to it.

Certainly. Exactly.

I doubt that …

I don’t think so.

This is not the case.

It’s wrong, I am afraid.

Quite the reverse.

The definition is inappropriate.

1. An electronic computer does not differ radically from a calculator.

2. The coded instructions are called a program.

3. Modern electronic digital computers don’t have many attributes in common.

4. Any computer contains devices for five main functions: input, storage, arithmetic, control and output.

5. The arithmetic unit refers to those parts of machine that dictate the functions to be performed by all the other parts.

6. Storage was provided by such a device as a rotating magnetic drum or by magnetic cores.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. What do they call an electronic computer?

2. What is a most important adjunct to the definition of an electronic computer?

3. What differs radically a computer from a calculator?

4. What is the term for a coded instruction?

5. How many units are there in a computer?

6. What is the function of the control unit, input/output, storage and the arithmetic unit?

7. What way were the input, output, arithmetic and storage units provided by?

8. What form are instructions placed in the storage device in?

Conversational Practice

1. Suppose that the information in the statement is insufficient. Repeat the statement and add your own reasoning, thus developing the idea. Use the following phrases:

There’s one more thing to be noted …

I may as well add that …

Moreover …

You’ve omitted …

What is missing (lacking) in the statement is that …

1. A computer has essentially only three parts: a memory, an instruction processor and a data processor.

2. A datum is anything that can be an operand.

3. Memory holds both data and instructions.

4. Instructions are organized into programs, often called routines or codes.

2. Agree or disagree with the statements given below. Use the introductory phrases and develop the idea further. Use the following phrases:

That’s right.

I fully agree to it.

I don’t think so.

This is not the case.

It’s wrong, I’m afraid.

Quite the reverse.

1. The computer models explain what people actually do when they think or perceive.

2. There must be a digital way of performing human tasks.

3. Discuss the statement. The following phrases may be helpful:

I am confirmed in my opinion that …

The statement may be confirmed by …

I can (not) be denied that …

I deny that the statement is true.

Modern computers are much faster, more complex, multifunctional and useful than most people dreamed 50 years ago.

4. Give a short summary of the text.

Text B. Computers

1. Read and translate the text: