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2. Choose the definition of artificial intelligence which, to your mind, is the correct one. Justify your choice:

1. AI – is a science of robots.

2. AI – is an experimental science which employs computer as a means of modeling to perceive the nature of the human thinking.

3. AI – is a science that designs machines to make what a man consider intellectual when he is making the same.

4. AI – is the area concerned with programming computers to behave in an intelligent way.

3. Debate the given statement. It is advisable that the group be divided into two parties, each party advocating their viewpoint. Use the following introductory phrases:

I will start by saying (claiming) that …

What I mean to say is …

You are free to disagree with me but …

My point is that …

Much depends on who (when, what, how) …

I’d like to make it clear …

The field of AI exhibits a recurring pattern: early dramatic success followed by unexpected difficulties and failures. This pattern occurs in all basic areas of AI (problem-solving, game-playing, language-translation and pattern-recognition) in two phases, each lasting roughly five years. The reasons, to your mind?

4. Give a short summary of the text.

Text B. Turing’s Test

1. Read and translate the text:

Are we intelligent enough to understand intelligence? One approach to answering this question is artificial intelligence (АI), the field of computer science that studies how machines can be made to act intelligently. "Artificial intelligence" is the ability of machines to do things that, people claim, require intelligence. AI research is an attempt to discover and describe aspects of human intelligence that can be simulated by machines.

The classical experiment proposed for determining whether a machine possesses intelligence on a human level is known as Turing's test, after A. M. Turing, who pioneered research in computer logic, undecidability theory and AI. This experiment has yet to be performed seriously, since no machine yet displays enough intelligent behaviour to be able to do well in the test. Still Turing's test is the basic paradigm for much successful work and for many experiments in machine intelligence. Basically, the test consists of pre­senting a human being A – human interrogator with a typewriter-like or TV-like terminal, which he can use to converse with two unknown (to him) sources, В and С The interrogator A is told that one terminal is controlled by a machine and that the other terminal is controlled by a human being he has never met. A is to guess which of B and С is the machine and which is the person. If A cannot distinguish one from the other with significantly better than 50% accuracy, and if this result continued to hold no matter what peo­ple are involved in the experiment, the machine then, it is claimed, simulates human intelligence.

Active Vocabulary

ability

interrogator

accuracy

paradigm

approach

propose

artificial

require

attempt

research

determine

theory

distinguish

to guess

intelligence

to possess

intelligent

undecidability