- •А кадемия управления при Президенте Республики Беларусь
- •Система открытого образования
- •Business english Курс лекций
- •Is she talking? 8
- •1. Starting to trade 151
- •2. The marketing mix 166
- •The Future: will
- •I/you/he/she/it/we/they will go (I’ll. He’ll, they’ll go)
- •Past Simple Tense
- •Positive (regular verbs)
- •Present Perfect Tense
- •Question Have you done it yet? Where have you been?
- •Review of time expressions
- •Word study Putting Nouns Together
- •Summary
- •The president
- •For discussion
- •The future perfect
- •More about auxiliary verbs
- •Word study
- •Two More Ways to Put Nouns Together
- •Company structure
- •Application for a job
- •74 Dockside Manchester m15 7bj 8 March 2000
- •Utility chiefs top executive pay increases
- •Unit II
- •Types of companies
- •Text № 1
- •Types of companies
- •Investing in a limited company
- •Summary of modal verbs
- •Modals with more than one meaning
- •You mustn’t vs. You don’t have to
- •Other uses of “will” and “would”
- •Degrees of probability
- •Exercise 15. Which is the closest in meaning?
- •The passive with modals
- •The indirect passive
- •Share capital
- •Companies
- •Must have and might have
- •Present Past
- •Could have and should have
- •Present
- •Types of business units
- •Unit III starting a business
- •Participles
- •A real estate purchase
- •Another use for participles
- •Participles
- •The problem of cash flow
- •Exchange rates cause budgeting problems
- •The flow of funds
- •Read and give the summary of the newspaper articles.
- •1. Greenalls refocuses spending By Dominic Walsh
- •2. Mandelson wants uk "digital leader" By Raymond Snoddy, Media Editor
- •3. Paget departs from telspec By Chris Ayres
- •4. Tlg succumbs to 353 million pounds wassall bid By Paul Durman
- •5. Progress hope at pilkington By Paul Durman
- •Unit IV management
- •What is management?
- •1.1. Read and translate the text.
- •1.2. Put 5 questions to part 1 of the text the answers to which are marked by •
- •1.3.. Answer the following questions:
- •1.4. Try to remember 5 main duties of managers.
- •2.1.. Read the notes of the lecture about management. Write out new words. Translate the text.
- •2.2.. Discuss:
- •3.1. Read text ¹ 3. Complete the sentences, finding them in the text:
- •3.2. Discuss:
- •4.1. Read text ¹ 4 about managers’ skills. There are 9 of them mentioned. Make the list of them and discuss the following:
- •Gerunds
- •The infinitive Positive Infinitive Negative Infinitive
- •Conditionals First conditional
- •Second conditional
- •Third conditional
- •The conditional
- •Texts for reading Holding Meetings
- •1. Put a tick or a cross in the box after each statement to show whether you think it is correct or not:
- •London borough Spring Personnel. Legal pa £25,000
- •Relative clauses
- •Miss Johnson is a secretary I work with.*
- •More examples of relative clauses
- •Of which vs. Whose
- •Past participles used as adjectives
- •Relative clauses with prepositions
- •Relative clauses with deletions
- •Conjunctions and related phrases
- •Agreement of tenses
- •Reported speech: agreement of tenses
- •Direct Reported
- •Reported questions
- •Interrogative noun clauses Who’s That Man?
- •Didn’t he apologize for _______?
- •Do you know _______?
- •Text ¹ 2 Market Study
- •Questions about the story
- •For discussion
- •Texts for reading and discussion
- •1. Starting to trade
- •Marketing Defining marketing
- •2. The centrality of marketing
- •1D Comprehension
- •Product policy
- •1A Discussion
- •1A Reading
- •3. Products and brands
- •4. It pays to advertise
- •It pays to advertise
- •2. The marketing mix
- •The role of advertising
- •Does the fact that it pays to advertise seem obvious to you? Explain your answer.
- •Figure 1.1.: gross margin
- •Paragraph 3: aura
- •3. Users of both competitive brands and of our product.
- •Born in 1946, we offer 52 years of experience
- •Unit VI business communication
- •Higher management
- •Rules of Writing
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •Means of communication
- •4 Abilities
- •5 Experience
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •Writing
- •Text 6 designing a sales letter
- •Manufactures of Quality Office Equipment since 1940
- •The layout of a business letter
- •23 Nelson Square
- •Velkotex Ltd
- •Prefixes of negation
- •Indicative Subjunctive
- •Verbs used with the subjunctive
- •Indicative vs subjunctive
- •Indicative Subjunctive
- •Infinitives with “seem” and “appear”
- •By Russsell Hotten
- •Sources
- •Козлова Любовь Константиновна Business English
- •220007, Г. Минск, ул. Московская, 17.
Text 6 designing a sales letter
Layout and the effect of the immediate visual appearance is also of great importance in preparing “sales” letters. And again, the “25 per cent blank space” rule is particularly relevant.
Consider the difference in impact of a letter consisting of a full page of solid, unrelieved text, and one with some sentences standing out from the rest, with space around them and between paragraphs. Several of the earlier recommendations for improvements in writing style are even more valuable when writing “sales” letters – for their visual effect now, as much as for their “readability” impact. “Sales” letters can benefit particularly from:
short – even single sentence – paragraph;
use of short lists (with “bullets” or “blobs”, like this); and
headings.
And, whereas the use of underlining in ordinary letters or reports is to be avoided – you should emphasize by choice of words – it is very acceptable in a “sales” letter. Particularly important sales points can also be enclosed in a “box” to attract more attention.
-
B L O G G S
a n d S c r i b e
Ltd
23 Bloggs Street
Mudworth
Mudshir MU1 3QA
Mudworth (0337) 589561
Manufactures of Quality Office Equipment since 1940
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Typical layout – and content – of a “sales” letter, using short paragraph and “boxed? comments
The layout of a business letter
1 3
2
4
5
11
6
7
4a 8
9
10
Reference of the writer. Usually following the pattern HB/SV, though sometimes it is more detailed, e.g. Ref. 3869/JF/3C.
Reference of the person to whom the letter is directed. It is helpful to add this when possible as it may mean that the letter is received and dealt with sooner.
The date.
Name and address of the person to whom the letter is directed.
4a. Alternative position of above.
The salutation – usually “Dear Sir” or “Dear Sirs”.
The letter itself: one, two, three or more paragraphs.
The subscription – usually “Yours faithfully”.
The name of the company the writer represents.
The name of the writer. If he holds an important position e.g. Sales Manager, Secretary of the company, etc., then this is placed below his name.
Enclosures (if any).
The subject of the letter. The writer is not obliged to head his letter with the subject underlined: e.g.
Your order No. 178– Zinc oxide.
but it is very useful for reference.
Here are some examples of different types of business letters. Study them.
(a) An enquiry
Clarke & Sims Ltd
High Street
Ellingham
Suffolk
Telephone Ellingham 670S
FH/MC 17th January 200...
The Sales Manager,
Motorheat Ltd,
Walker Road,
Coventry.
Dear Sir,
We are interested in increasing our range of car heaters and should like to receive information about the various models you are at present producing.
We should be obliged if you would send us your latest catalogue and price list, together with details of the CX4 heater advertised in the current issue of the MOTORING MONTHLY.
Yours faithfully,
CLARKE & SIMS LTD
(signature)
F. Henley
*** *** ***
(b) Reply to (a)
Motorheart Ltd Walker Road. Coventry. Coventry 31043
TB/EW 20th January, 200...
The Manager,
Clarke & Sims Ltd,
High Street,
Ellingham,
Suffolk.
Dear Sir,
We thank you for your letter of 17th January, asking for details and prices of our car heaters.
We have pleasure in enclosing our latest price list and catalogue, together with details of Model CX4.
Please do not hesitate to write if you require further information.
Yours faithfully,
MOTORHEAT LTD
(signature)
T.Browning
Sales Manager
Enc.
*** *** ***
(a) An enquiry from overseas
Jose Martinez S.A.
Calle Nuevo, 123
MADRID 8
Madrid 19946
Ref. PE 01 21st September, 200...
The Sales Manager,
Aston Potteries Ltd,
Burston.
Dear Sir,
As it is our intention in the near future to start importing English china and pottery, we are interested in contacting a number of prominent manufacturers in Britain with a view to choosing lines suitable for the Spanish market.
We should be most obliged if you would forward details of the lines you have for export, together with our price list and terms f.o.b.
We should very much appreciate an early reply as our buyer is coming to England next month to visit prospective suppliers.
Yours faithfully
JOSE MARTINEZ S.A.
(signature)
A. Lopez
Manager
*** *** ***
(b) Reply to (a)
Aston Potteries Ltd
Burston
telephone Burston 64469
Ref.GH/JP/Sp.1 27th September, 200...
The Manager,
Jose Martinez, S.A.
Calle Nuevo, 123,
MADRID 8.
Dear Sir,
We thank you for your enquiry of 21st September. It arrived at a very opportune moment since we have been considering for some time extending our export field to include Spain.
I shall be making an exploratory tour of Spain early next month and shall be arriving in Madrid on or about the 10th. If it is convenient, I could perhaps visit you on the 11th or 12th.
I shall be bringing a selection of samples of the lines we have for export, but to give you an idea of the kind of article we produce I enclose a copy of our latest catalogue.
I should be obliged if you would confirm that you would like me to call on you; in which case perhaps you could suggest a time. I look forward to hearing from you and later to meeting you in Madrid.
Yours faithfully,
ASTON POTTERIES LTD,
(signature)
G.Healthclliffe
Sales Manager
Enc.
*** *** ***
(a) An offer
The Martin Tool Co. Ltd
PV/CH Hammerton Lane
Halifax
telephone Halifax 12343
Messrs Finn and Sledge,
Leicester Buildings,
Hinton Street,
Leeds.
Dear Sirs,
Two years ago you placed a substantial order for some HANDYMAN tool kits, a discontinued line that we had on offer at the time. As we now have a similar line on offer, it occurs to us that you may be interested.
We have a residue stock of 1,200 MOTORMAN repair kits (see enclosed leaflet) which we are selling off $3 at each with a quantity discount of up to 15%, though we are prepared to give 20% for an offer to buy the complete stock.
We are giving you the first chance in view of your previous order, but we should appreciate a prompt reply so that we can put the offer out in the event of your not being interested.
Yours faithfully,
MARTIN TOOL COMPANY LTD
(signature)
P.Vine
*** *** ***
(b) Reply to (a)
-
Finn & Sledge
Leicester Buildings
Hinton Street
Leeds
Tel. Leeds 36943
CC/BN 25th March, 200...
The Martin Tool Co. Ltd,
Hammerton Lane,
Halifax.
Dear Sirs,
We are in receipt of your letter of 22nd March, offering us the residue stock of MOTORMAN repair kits.
We have checked our own stocks of similar kits and find that they are quite high, in particular KARMAN kits and MEND-IT-QUICK kits. Nevertheless, if you are prepared to increase your discount to 25% for the complete stock, so that we in turn can make a special offer to our customers, then we are willing to buy.
Yours faithfully,
FINN & SLEDGE LTD
(signature)
C.Clutton
*** *** ***
A request to advance date of shipment
Olympic Chemicals Ltd
Varnava, 17
Athens
Athens 33134
Ref: COL/145/4C
The Sales Manager,
United Plastics Ltd,
Langton Road,
Liverpool 4.
Dear Sir,
We refer to our order No. 381 for six tons of processed polyethelene due to be shipped at the end of next month. When this order was placed, our stocks were considered to be sufficiently high to last until December. However, there has been such a demand for this type of polyethylene recently that we must now ask you to arrange for immediate shipment.
As soon as we receive the above consignment we shall be in a position to judge our requirements with greater accuracy and order accordingly.
Yours faithfully,
OLYMPIC CHEMICALS LTD
(signature)
S. Theotocopoulos
*** *** ***
Reply to an order
The Southern Paint Co. Ltd
Grayling Lane
Eastleigh
Eastleigh 236
PL/SB 2nd May, 200...
Messrs T. Nicholls & Sons,
Broad Street,
Portsmouth.
Dear Sirs,
We thank you for your order No.4743, which is receiving immediate attention and will be delivered within the week. We, too, have had a run on HOUSEMAN paints with the result that we may not be able to supply you with every colour marked on your order.
With regard to your request for the inclusion of this order with your quarterly order, we regret that this will not be possible since it would involve extended credit at maximum discount. What we are prepared to do, however, is to invoice this order separately but at full discount.
We trust that this compromise meets with your approval and look forward to your further orders.
Yours faithfully,
THE SOUTHERN PAINT CO. LTD
(signature)
P. Liston
*** *** ***
(a) A price query
W.Williams and Sons Ltd