- •А кадемия управления при Президенте Республики Беларусь
- •Система открытого образования
- •Business english Курс лекций
- •Is she talking? 8
- •1. Starting to trade 151
- •2. The marketing mix 166
- •The Future: will
- •I/you/he/she/it/we/they will go (I’ll. He’ll, they’ll go)
- •Past Simple Tense
- •Positive (regular verbs)
- •Present Perfect Tense
- •Question Have you done it yet? Where have you been?
- •Review of time expressions
- •Word study Putting Nouns Together
- •Summary
- •The president
- •For discussion
- •The future perfect
- •More about auxiliary verbs
- •Word study
- •Two More Ways to Put Nouns Together
- •Company structure
- •Application for a job
- •74 Dockside Manchester m15 7bj 8 March 2000
- •Utility chiefs top executive pay increases
- •Unit II
- •Types of companies
- •Text № 1
- •Types of companies
- •Investing in a limited company
- •Summary of modal verbs
- •Modals with more than one meaning
- •You mustn’t vs. You don’t have to
- •Other uses of “will” and “would”
- •Degrees of probability
- •Exercise 15. Which is the closest in meaning?
- •The passive with modals
- •The indirect passive
- •Share capital
- •Companies
- •Must have and might have
- •Present Past
- •Could have and should have
- •Present
- •Types of business units
- •Unit III starting a business
- •Participles
- •A real estate purchase
- •Another use for participles
- •Participles
- •The problem of cash flow
- •Exchange rates cause budgeting problems
- •The flow of funds
- •Read and give the summary of the newspaper articles.
- •1. Greenalls refocuses spending By Dominic Walsh
- •2. Mandelson wants uk "digital leader" By Raymond Snoddy, Media Editor
- •3. Paget departs from telspec By Chris Ayres
- •4. Tlg succumbs to 353 million pounds wassall bid By Paul Durman
- •5. Progress hope at pilkington By Paul Durman
- •Unit IV management
- •What is management?
- •1.1. Read and translate the text.
- •1.2. Put 5 questions to part 1 of the text the answers to which are marked by •
- •1.3.. Answer the following questions:
- •1.4. Try to remember 5 main duties of managers.
- •2.1.. Read the notes of the lecture about management. Write out new words. Translate the text.
- •2.2.. Discuss:
- •3.1. Read text ¹ 3. Complete the sentences, finding them in the text:
- •3.2. Discuss:
- •4.1. Read text ¹ 4 about managers’ skills. There are 9 of them mentioned. Make the list of them and discuss the following:
- •Gerunds
- •The infinitive Positive Infinitive Negative Infinitive
- •Conditionals First conditional
- •Second conditional
- •Third conditional
- •The conditional
- •Texts for reading Holding Meetings
- •1. Put a tick or a cross in the box after each statement to show whether you think it is correct or not:
- •London borough Spring Personnel. Legal pa £25,000
- •Relative clauses
- •Miss Johnson is a secretary I work with.*
- •More examples of relative clauses
- •Of which vs. Whose
- •Past participles used as adjectives
- •Relative clauses with prepositions
- •Relative clauses with deletions
- •Conjunctions and related phrases
- •Agreement of tenses
- •Reported speech: agreement of tenses
- •Direct Reported
- •Reported questions
- •Interrogative noun clauses Who’s That Man?
- •Didn’t he apologize for _______?
- •Do you know _______?
- •Text ¹ 2 Market Study
- •Questions about the story
- •For discussion
- •Texts for reading and discussion
- •1. Starting to trade
- •Marketing Defining marketing
- •2. The centrality of marketing
- •1D Comprehension
- •Product policy
- •1A Discussion
- •1A Reading
- •3. Products and brands
- •4. It pays to advertise
- •It pays to advertise
- •2. The marketing mix
- •The role of advertising
- •Does the fact that it pays to advertise seem obvious to you? Explain your answer.
- •Figure 1.1.: gross margin
- •Paragraph 3: aura
- •3. Users of both competitive brands and of our product.
- •Born in 1946, we offer 52 years of experience
- •Unit VI business communication
- •Higher management
- •Rules of Writing
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •Means of communication
- •4 Abilities
- •5 Experience
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •Writing
- •Text 6 designing a sales letter
- •Manufactures of Quality Office Equipment since 1940
- •The layout of a business letter
- •23 Nelson Square
- •Velkotex Ltd
- •Prefixes of negation
- •Indicative Subjunctive
- •Verbs used with the subjunctive
- •Indicative vs subjunctive
- •Indicative Subjunctive
- •Infinitives with “seem” and “appear”
- •By Russsell Hotten
- •Sources
- •Козлова Любовь Константиновна Business English
- •220007, Г. Минск, ул. Московская, 17.
Of which vs. Whose
In the case of LTF, there are major stockholders whose combined shares amount to almost 40% of the total stock.
Things People
Don works for a French company. Its headquarters are in Paris. |
I interviewed Miss Jones. Her resume was very impressive. |
Don works for a French company, the headquarters of which are in Paris. |
I interviewed Miss Jones, whose resume was very impressive. |
|
|
Don works for a French company. I’ve visited its headquarters.
Don works for a French company, the headquarters of which I’ve visited. |
I interviewed Miss Jones. We received her resume last week.
I interviewed Miss Jones, whose resume we received last week. |
Exercise 5.
Example: I found an old book, the pages of which were torn.
(Its pages were torn.)
I signed the contract, _________ .
(Its terms were favourable.)
I submitted the proposal to the director, ________.
(His decision is final.)
The company is opening a new plant, _______.
(Its location hasn’t been chosen yet.)
I’m learning English with Miss Reynolds, _________.
(Her classes are always very interesting.)
I finished the production report, _________.
(I’ve sent you a copy of it.)
Past participles used as adjectives
Money spent on brain is never spent in vain.
-
I received a report.
Participle only:
The report was written.
I received a written report.
Adverb + Participle:
The report was well written.
I received a well written report.
Participle + phrase:
The report was written by my assistant.
I received a report written by my assistant.
Other examples: Most domestically produced cars are larger than those produced in Europe.
Sales have been hurt by competition from recently imported products, especially by products imported from the Far East.
Exercise 6. Rewrite the following sentences using past participles as adjectives.
Example: Everyone enjoyed the meal. It was served after the meeting.
Everyone enjoyed the meal served after the meeting.
Berlitz is a company that’s known internationally.
Berlitz is an internationally known company.
We buy our equipment from a small company that’s highly specialized.
I tried one of those new cigarettes. They’ve been advertised on TV.
Our company does business with many countries that are underdeveloped.
I’m having a lot of trouble with this radio. It was cheaply made.
We repaired the copy machine. It was broken.
We have to pay a special tax on products that are imported.
This firm has five offices. They’re centrally located.
Foreign competition was one of the problems that was discussed at the sales meeting.
I sent the store a letter. It was handwritten.
The personnel director interviewed several applicants who were well-qualified.
The meeting that was scheduled for this morning has been postponed until tomorrow.
We ordered some supplies. They’re badly needed.
We were surprised at the prices. They had been reduced.
I received a call from my old friend Mark. It was unexpected.
We took a tour of the plant. It was expanded recently.
Our products receive less advertising than other products that are competitively priced.