- •А кадемия управления при Президенте Республики Беларусь
- •Система открытого образования
- •Business english Курс лекций
- •Is she talking? 8
- •1. Starting to trade 151
- •2. The marketing mix 166
- •The Future: will
- •I/you/he/she/it/we/they will go (I’ll. He’ll, they’ll go)
- •Past Simple Tense
- •Positive (regular verbs)
- •Present Perfect Tense
- •Question Have you done it yet? Where have you been?
- •Review of time expressions
- •Word study Putting Nouns Together
- •Summary
- •The president
- •For discussion
- •The future perfect
- •More about auxiliary verbs
- •Word study
- •Two More Ways to Put Nouns Together
- •Company structure
- •Application for a job
- •74 Dockside Manchester m15 7bj 8 March 2000
- •Utility chiefs top executive pay increases
- •Unit II
- •Types of companies
- •Text № 1
- •Types of companies
- •Investing in a limited company
- •Summary of modal verbs
- •Modals with more than one meaning
- •You mustn’t vs. You don’t have to
- •Other uses of “will” and “would”
- •Degrees of probability
- •Exercise 15. Which is the closest in meaning?
- •The passive with modals
- •The indirect passive
- •Share capital
- •Companies
- •Must have and might have
- •Present Past
- •Could have and should have
- •Present
- •Types of business units
- •Unit III starting a business
- •Participles
- •A real estate purchase
- •Another use for participles
- •Participles
- •The problem of cash flow
- •Exchange rates cause budgeting problems
- •The flow of funds
- •Read and give the summary of the newspaper articles.
- •1. Greenalls refocuses spending By Dominic Walsh
- •2. Mandelson wants uk "digital leader" By Raymond Snoddy, Media Editor
- •3. Paget departs from telspec By Chris Ayres
- •4. Tlg succumbs to 353 million pounds wassall bid By Paul Durman
- •5. Progress hope at pilkington By Paul Durman
- •Unit IV management
- •What is management?
- •1.1. Read and translate the text.
- •1.2. Put 5 questions to part 1 of the text the answers to which are marked by •
- •1.3.. Answer the following questions:
- •1.4. Try to remember 5 main duties of managers.
- •2.1.. Read the notes of the lecture about management. Write out new words. Translate the text.
- •2.2.. Discuss:
- •3.1. Read text ¹ 3. Complete the sentences, finding them in the text:
- •3.2. Discuss:
- •4.1. Read text ¹ 4 about managers’ skills. There are 9 of them mentioned. Make the list of them and discuss the following:
- •Gerunds
- •The infinitive Positive Infinitive Negative Infinitive
- •Conditionals First conditional
- •Second conditional
- •Third conditional
- •The conditional
- •Texts for reading Holding Meetings
- •1. Put a tick or a cross in the box after each statement to show whether you think it is correct or not:
- •London borough Spring Personnel. Legal pa £25,000
- •Relative clauses
- •Miss Johnson is a secretary I work with.*
- •More examples of relative clauses
- •Of which vs. Whose
- •Past participles used as adjectives
- •Relative clauses with prepositions
- •Relative clauses with deletions
- •Conjunctions and related phrases
- •Agreement of tenses
- •Reported speech: agreement of tenses
- •Direct Reported
- •Reported questions
- •Interrogative noun clauses Who’s That Man?
- •Didn’t he apologize for _______?
- •Do you know _______?
- •Text ¹ 2 Market Study
- •Questions about the story
- •For discussion
- •Texts for reading and discussion
- •1. Starting to trade
- •Marketing Defining marketing
- •2. The centrality of marketing
- •1D Comprehension
- •Product policy
- •1A Discussion
- •1A Reading
- •3. Products and brands
- •4. It pays to advertise
- •It pays to advertise
- •2. The marketing mix
- •The role of advertising
- •Does the fact that it pays to advertise seem obvious to you? Explain your answer.
- •Figure 1.1.: gross margin
- •Paragraph 3: aura
- •3. Users of both competitive brands and of our product.
- •Born in 1946, we offer 52 years of experience
- •Unit VI business communication
- •Higher management
- •Rules of Writing
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •Means of communication
- •4 Abilities
- •5 Experience
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •Writing
- •Text 6 designing a sales letter
- •Manufactures of Quality Office Equipment since 1940
- •The layout of a business letter
- •23 Nelson Square
- •Velkotex Ltd
- •Prefixes of negation
- •Indicative Subjunctive
- •Verbs used with the subjunctive
- •Indicative vs subjunctive
- •Indicative Subjunctive
- •Infinitives with “seem” and “appear”
- •By Russsell Hotten
- •Sources
- •Козлова Любовь Константиновна Business English
- •220007, Г. Минск, ул. Московская, 17.
Agreement of tenses
Present: |
I |
know think feel believe doubt am aware agree mean realize assume suppose hope |
(that) the figures |
are were will be |
accurate. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Past: |
I |
knew thought felt, etc. |
(that) the figures |
were had been would be |
accurate. |
Exercise 10. Complete the following sentences:
Example: “The meeting will begin on time.”
We all hoped the meeting would begin on time.
The secretary is on vacation this week.
I knew ______ .
The company will increase salaries this year.
The employees doubted ______ .
“Tom was in Paris last year.”
We weren’t aware that ______ .
“Our inventory has been running low this month.”
I didn’t realize ______ .
“We’ll have to stay home tomorrow.”
The bad weather meant ______ .
Reported speech: agreement of tenses
“Knowles explained that they would first feed all the data on each sales transaction into the computer
“ I’m tired today,” said Bill.
Bill said he was tired that day.
Direct Reported
He said: |
|
He said (that) |
“I am tired” “I was tired” “I have been tired” “I had been tired” “I will be tired” |
|
he was tired. he had been tired. he had been tired. he had been tired. he would be tired. |
Time Expressions
Direct Reported
now today tonight
this morning two years ago last year yesterday the day before yesterday
tomorrow next week the day after tomorrow a month from now |
|
then that day that night
that morning two years before (earlier) the year before (the previous year) the day before (the previous day) two days before (earlier)
the following (next) day the following week two days later a month later |
Exercise 11. Compete the following sentences.
Example: “The director is busy now.”
The secretary said that the director was busy then.
“We’re negotiating a contract.”
The labour leader said they ______ .
“I can’t come tonight.”
John informed us he ______ .
“We have to make a decision soon.”
They said they ______ .
“The new line will be introduced next spring.”
The marketing director announced the new line ______ .
“We received the payment three days ago.”
The company wrote that they ______ .
“The President arrived at the airport yesterday.”
The newspapers reported the President ______ .
“Tickets are available at the box office.”
The ad said that tickets ______ .
“I won’t arrive until the day after tomorrow.”
Don explained he ______ .
“The manager hasn’t called since the day before yesterday.”
The secretary told us the manager ______ .
“The meeting will be held next Monday.”
The director mentioned that the meeting ______ .
“Inventory has been running low this month.”
The manager complained that inventory ______ .
“The delay in payment won’t affect your credit rating.”
The loan officer informed me that ______ .