- •Методические указания для студентов по направлению
- •140100 Теплотехника и теплоэнергетика
- •1 The Paradigm Shift Reading
- •I. Read the following international words:
- •Idea, fundamental, theory, centre, system, mechanical, gravitation, industrial, energy, process, nature, revolution, construct, quantum, theory.
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •III. Guess if the following statements are true or false.
- •2 Mikchail Lomonosov
- •I. Read the following international words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Fill in the blanks with the following words:
- •Pronoun one Местоимение one
- •V. Translate the sentences. Mind one.
- •VI. Fill in the gaps with: one, ones.
- •VII. Discuss with your group-mates.
- •3 Fields and Forces
- •I. Read the following key words:
- •II. Guess if the following statements are true or false.
- •III. Read and translate the text.
- •4 Thomas Alva Edison
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VIII. Answer the following questions:
- •5 The science of electricity
- •I. Read the following key words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •6 Michael Faraday
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Translate into Russian. Mind no:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •Faraday’s Law.
- •Faraday’s Law.
- •7 The Electric Charge Opposite Charges and Interactions
- •I. Read the following key words: lightning, characteristic, interaction, rod, positive, negative, opposite, comb, particles, cumulonimbus, thunder.
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VII. Read and remember the following instructions. What should you do to protect yourself from lightning?
- •8 Isaak Newton
- •I. Read the following international words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the infinitive.
- •V. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the infinitive constructions.
- •VI. Discuss in the group.
- •2. The theory of gravity.
- •9 Energy and its forms
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences:
- •V. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the passive voice:
- •VI. Translate into Russian in writing.
- •VIII. Discuss in the group.
- •10 Electricity
- •I. Read the following key words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VIII. Arrange the scrambled words to make up sentences.
- •11 Electric power
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate these sentences. Find predicates in the passive voice.
- •V. Complete the text with the correct form of the verb.
- •VI. Translate the following groups of words.
- •12 Direct current and alternating current
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Test. Choose the correct variant:
- •VII. Answer the following words:
- •13 Difference between a.C. And d.C.
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Define the following terms.
- •I. Read the following words:
- •I I. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Find antonyms among the following words:
- •VII. Complete the sentences using the correct variant.
- •VI. Give an English definition for the following terms:
- •Resistance and Resistivity
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences.
- •V. State to what part of speech the following words belong and translate them:
- •VI. Translate the following sentences:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •14 Sources of energy
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •V. Now answer these questions.
- •VI. Match these different power plants to their description.
- •VII. Translate the following words and define their part of speech:
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences.
- •15 Alternative energy
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Read what people say about different fuels and energy sources. What text is mainly about the following? Match the appropriate statement and the text.
- •VII. Questions for discussion:
- •16 Wind power
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Match components 1-8 with their functions a-h with the help of this simplified diagram of a wind turbine.
- •Read the web page and answer the questions below.
- •VIII Try this quiz. What do you know about wind turbines?
- •17 Electric motors
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •Inside an Electric Motor
- •18 Heating system
- •I. Read the following words:
- •19 Electric Shock Safety Electric System
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VII. Test. Choose the correct variant:
- •VIII. Questions to the text:
- •I. Complete the warnings with the words in the box.
- •II. Work in pairs. Why do the signs below have different colours and shapes? Match the examples to the signs.
- •III. Complete the instructions with the words in the box.
- •IV. Write these signs in another way.
- •VII.Work in pairs. What safety rules are in your University?
- •Reference section Numbers, times and dates
- •Common Fractions (Простые дроби)
- •Decimal Fractions (Десятичные дроби)
- •Volume/Capacity
- •36.7 Find among the following words:
- •4. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •4. Fill in the blanks with:
- •I. Read the manual for the solar panel…
VII. Read and remember the following instructions. What should you do to protect yourself from lightning?
Go inside a house, a building, or a car.
Never stand under a tree, especially if it standing alone in an open place. Tall things attract lightning.
Never swim or stay in a boat during the thunderstorm. Lightning travels easily through water and can find you!
Stay off metal things, such as bicycles and motorcycles, because they also attract lightning.
Stay in a low spot if you don’t have time to get to a safe place.
8 Isaak Newton
Reading
I. Read the following international words:
phenomena, mathematical, professor, physics, lecture, surface, spectrography, earth, mechanics, heavens.
II. Read and translate the text.
Isaak Newton was born in a farmer’s house on December 25, 1642 in a little village not far from the old university town of Cambridge.
His family wanted him to become a farmer, but with no success, as his mind was always busy with observing various phenomena of nature. He studied at Cambridge at mathematical course. Some years later after getting his
Isaac Newton degree he was appointed professor to the chair of physics
(1642-1727) and mathematics at Cambridge. He delivered lectures in optics. The study of light was Newton’s favorite study. He came to the conclusion that white light consisted of rays of different colours and that each particular kind of coloured ray was differently bent when it fell on a glass surface at the angle. His results formed the bases of modern spectrography. The theory of gravity was developed by him when he was only 24. Having seen the fall of an apple he came to the conclusion that the apple and the earth were pulling each other, and he began to think of the same pull extending far beyond the earth. Newton deduced and calculated the force of gravity acting between the Sun and the planets, thus establishing the law of gravitation. By discovering this law, he demonstrated the uniformity of things and found a connecting link between the mechanics of the earth and the mechanics of the heavens.
Newton’s mechanics was the first complete theory in the history of physics (and science in general) which described a large class of phenomena. One of Newton’s contemporaries expressed his admiration at this theory in the following verses:
Nature and nature’s Laws
Lay hid in night;
God said, Let Newton be
And all was light.
Vocabulary
III. Remember these words:
degree, conclusion, ray, angle, to pull, to extend, force, to connect, to link.
Grammar
IV. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the infinitive.
1. Newton was the first to discover the basic laws of motion.
2. The problem to be solved requires some experiments.
3. It was not so easy for Newton to carry on scientific work at that time.
4. It took Newton about 20 years to complete his theory of gravitation.
5. It is to be remembered that Newton’s Laws of Motion are the foundation of practical mechanics.
6. To slow down the car means to decelerate its motion on the road.
7. Lomonosov was the first scientist to demonstrate the molecular kinetic theory of heat and the kinetic theory of gases.
8. In physics energy is defined as the capacity to do work.
9. It is necessary to point out here that Newton’s Laws are true to this day.
10. To complete this laboratory experiment will not take much time.