- •Методические указания для студентов по направлению
- •140100 Теплотехника и теплоэнергетика
- •1 The Paradigm Shift Reading
- •I. Read the following international words:
- •Idea, fundamental, theory, centre, system, mechanical, gravitation, industrial, energy, process, nature, revolution, construct, quantum, theory.
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •III. Guess if the following statements are true or false.
- •2 Mikchail Lomonosov
- •I. Read the following international words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Fill in the blanks with the following words:
- •Pronoun one Местоимение one
- •V. Translate the sentences. Mind one.
- •VI. Fill in the gaps with: one, ones.
- •VII. Discuss with your group-mates.
- •3 Fields and Forces
- •I. Read the following key words:
- •II. Guess if the following statements are true or false.
- •III. Read and translate the text.
- •4 Thomas Alva Edison
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VIII. Answer the following questions:
- •5 The science of electricity
- •I. Read the following key words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •6 Michael Faraday
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Translate into Russian. Mind no:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •Faraday’s Law.
- •Faraday’s Law.
- •7 The Electric Charge Opposite Charges and Interactions
- •I. Read the following key words: lightning, characteristic, interaction, rod, positive, negative, opposite, comb, particles, cumulonimbus, thunder.
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VII. Read and remember the following instructions. What should you do to protect yourself from lightning?
- •8 Isaak Newton
- •I. Read the following international words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the infinitive.
- •V. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the infinitive constructions.
- •VI. Discuss in the group.
- •2. The theory of gravity.
- •9 Energy and its forms
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences:
- •V. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the passive voice:
- •VI. Translate into Russian in writing.
- •VIII. Discuss in the group.
- •10 Electricity
- •I. Read the following key words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VIII. Arrange the scrambled words to make up sentences.
- •11 Electric power
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate these sentences. Find predicates in the passive voice.
- •V. Complete the text with the correct form of the verb.
- •VI. Translate the following groups of words.
- •12 Direct current and alternating current
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Test. Choose the correct variant:
- •VII. Answer the following words:
- •13 Difference between a.C. And d.C.
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Define the following terms.
- •I. Read the following words:
- •I I. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Find antonyms among the following words:
- •VII. Complete the sentences using the correct variant.
- •VI. Give an English definition for the following terms:
- •Resistance and Resistivity
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences.
- •V. State to what part of speech the following words belong and translate them:
- •VI. Translate the following sentences:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •14 Sources of energy
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •V. Now answer these questions.
- •VI. Match these different power plants to their description.
- •VII. Translate the following words and define their part of speech:
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences.
- •15 Alternative energy
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Read what people say about different fuels and energy sources. What text is mainly about the following? Match the appropriate statement and the text.
- •VII. Questions for discussion:
- •16 Wind power
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Match components 1-8 with their functions a-h with the help of this simplified diagram of a wind turbine.
- •Read the web page and answer the questions below.
- •VIII Try this quiz. What do you know about wind turbines?
- •17 Electric motors
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •Inside an Electric Motor
- •18 Heating system
- •I. Read the following words:
- •19 Electric Shock Safety Electric System
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VII. Test. Choose the correct variant:
- •VIII. Questions to the text:
- •I. Complete the warnings with the words in the box.
- •II. Work in pairs. Why do the signs below have different colours and shapes? Match the examples to the signs.
- •III. Complete the instructions with the words in the box.
- •IV. Write these signs in another way.
- •VII.Work in pairs. What safety rules are in your University?
- •Reference section Numbers, times and dates
- •Common Fractions (Простые дроби)
- •Decimal Fractions (Десятичные дроби)
- •Volume/Capacity
- •36.7 Find among the following words:
- •4. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •4. Fill in the blanks with:
- •I. Read the manual for the solar panel…
VI. Test. Choose the correct variant:
Direct current …
changes its direction of flow; b) flows in one direction.
Alternating current flows provided…
a) a direct voltage source is applied; b) an alternating voltage source is applied.
The frequency of the circuit is …
the number of cycles per minute; b) the number of cycles per second.
A standard frequency has …
great advantages; b) disadvantages.
Different systems can be in interconnected…
due to various frequencies; b) due to the standard frequency.
Speaking
VII. Answer the following words:
What is current?
What is circuit?
What types of current do you know?
What type is termed a direct current (an alternating current)?
What is frequency?
13 Difference between a.C. And d.C.
Reading
I. Read the following words:
reverse, voltage, transmission, essential, continuously, circuit, although, character, unidirectional, maximum, dying, thus, certain, desirable, cable, therefore, amperes.
II. Read and translate the text.
A direct current (D.C.) flows continuously through a conducting circuit in one direction only, although it may not be steady so far as magnitude concerned. It is unidirectional in character. An alternating current (A.C.), on the other hand, continually reverses in direction. Starting from zero, it grows in one direction, reaches a maximum, dies down to zero again, after which it rises in the opposite direction, reaches a maximum, again dying down to zero. It is thus continually changing in magnitude as well as in direction, and this continual change causes certain effects of far reaching importance.
It is known that high voltages are desirable for the economic transmission of a given amount of electric power. If the transmission voltage is 100 volts the current must be 10,000 amperes, but if the transmission voltage is 10,000 volts the current is only 100 amperes. The cross – section of the cables transmitting the power is determined by the current to be carried. It is true that the high – voltage cable would need to have more insulation, but even so, it would be very much cheaper than the large low – voltage cable. A high voltage is therefore essential for the economic transmission of electric power.
There is the most important factor that it is easy to transform a.c. power from one voltage to another by means of transformer. The transformer also enables the voltage to be stepped down at the receiving end of the transmission line. There are certain processes for which D.C. is either essential or at any rate desirable but the utilization of electric power in the a.c. form is growing steadily.
Vocabulary
III. Remember these words:
magnitude, to rise (rose, risen), opposite, step, cross-section, to determine, enable, steady, reach, amount, to receive.
Grammar
IV. Translate into Russian the following word - combinations:
closed circuit, open circuit, pushbutton, voltaic pile, electric current, potential difference, positive charge, the magnitude of the current, the stream of electrons, chemical action, cross-section, unit of time, salt solution, positive charge.
V. Put the verb in brackets in the appropriate tense - Past Continuous or Past Simple.
1. We _____ (do) a Google search and _____ (find) the answer very quickly.
2. When he _____ (work) in Nigeria, there _____ (be) a serious accident on the oil rig.
3. When Trevor Baylis _____ (hear) about communication problems in Africa, he _____ (decide) to build a radio without batteries.
4. He _____ (not wear) a hard hat when the accident _____ (happen), so he hurt his head.
5. The motor _____ (run) when he _____ (remove) the guards. It was a
stupid thing to do.
6. The accident _____ (be) his own fault. He _____ (use) a grinder without wearing eye protection when it _____ (happen).
7. While the generator _____ (run), a fault ____ (develop) in the main bearing.
8. As they _____ (build) the wind farm, protestors ___ (damage) some equipment.
Speaking