- •Методические указания для студентов по направлению
- •140100 Теплотехника и теплоэнергетика
- •1 The Paradigm Shift Reading
- •I. Read the following international words:
- •Idea, fundamental, theory, centre, system, mechanical, gravitation, industrial, energy, process, nature, revolution, construct, quantum, theory.
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •III. Guess if the following statements are true or false.
- •2 Mikchail Lomonosov
- •I. Read the following international words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Fill in the blanks with the following words:
- •Pronoun one Местоимение one
- •V. Translate the sentences. Mind one.
- •VI. Fill in the gaps with: one, ones.
- •VII. Discuss with your group-mates.
- •3 Fields and Forces
- •I. Read the following key words:
- •II. Guess if the following statements are true or false.
- •III. Read and translate the text.
- •4 Thomas Alva Edison
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VIII. Answer the following questions:
- •5 The science of electricity
- •I. Read the following key words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •6 Michael Faraday
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Translate into Russian. Mind no:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •Faraday’s Law.
- •Faraday’s Law.
- •7 The Electric Charge Opposite Charges and Interactions
- •I. Read the following key words: lightning, characteristic, interaction, rod, positive, negative, opposite, comb, particles, cumulonimbus, thunder.
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VII. Read and remember the following instructions. What should you do to protect yourself from lightning?
- •8 Isaak Newton
- •I. Read the following international words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the infinitive.
- •V. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the infinitive constructions.
- •VI. Discuss in the group.
- •2. The theory of gravity.
- •9 Energy and its forms
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences:
- •V. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the passive voice:
- •VI. Translate into Russian in writing.
- •VIII. Discuss in the group.
- •10 Electricity
- •I. Read the following key words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VIII. Arrange the scrambled words to make up sentences.
- •11 Electric power
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate these sentences. Find predicates in the passive voice.
- •V. Complete the text with the correct form of the verb.
- •VI. Translate the following groups of words.
- •12 Direct current and alternating current
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Test. Choose the correct variant:
- •VII. Answer the following words:
- •13 Difference between a.C. And d.C.
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Define the following terms.
- •I. Read the following words:
- •I I. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Find antonyms among the following words:
- •VII. Complete the sentences using the correct variant.
- •VI. Give an English definition for the following terms:
- •Resistance and Resistivity
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •IV. Translate the following sentences.
- •V. State to what part of speech the following words belong and translate them:
- •VI. Translate the following sentences:
- •VII. Answer the following questions:
- •14 Sources of energy
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •Vocabulary
- •III. Remember these words:
- •V. Now answer these questions.
- •VI. Match these different power plants to their description.
- •VII. Translate the following words and define their part of speech:
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences.
- •15 Alternative energy
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Read what people say about different fuels and energy sources. What text is mainly about the following? Match the appropriate statement and the text.
- •VII. Questions for discussion:
- •16 Wind power
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Match components 1-8 with their functions a-h with the help of this simplified diagram of a wind turbine.
- •Read the web page and answer the questions below.
- •VIII Try this quiz. What do you know about wind turbines?
- •17 Electric motors
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •Inside an Electric Motor
- •18 Heating system
- •I. Read the following words:
- •19 Electric Shock Safety Electric System
- •I. Read the following words:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •VII. Test. Choose the correct variant:
- •VIII. Questions to the text:
- •I. Complete the warnings with the words in the box.
- •II. Work in pairs. Why do the signs below have different colours and shapes? Match the examples to the signs.
- •III. Complete the instructions with the words in the box.
- •IV. Write these signs in another way.
- •VII.Work in pairs. What safety rules are in your University?
- •Reference section Numbers, times and dates
- •Common Fractions (Простые дроби)
- •Decimal Fractions (Десятичные дроби)
- •Volume/Capacity
- •36.7 Find among the following words:
- •4. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •4. Fill in the blanks with:
- •I. Read the manual for the solar panel…
VIII. Arrange the scrambled words to make up sentences.
1.`uncountable / There are / chemical bonds /
2. also called / The electric charge / is / electricity
3. good / Copper / a / conductor / is
4. charges attract / Like / and / charges repel / unlike
5. force / Energy / needs
11 Electric power
Reading
I. Read the following words:
generate, convert, power, turbine, hydroelectric, uranium, plutonium, current, light, generator, meter, alternating.
II. Read and translate the text.
E lectric power is generated by converting heat, light, chemical energy, or mechanical energy to electrical energy. Most electrical energy is produced in large power stations by the conversion of mechanical energy or heat. The mechanical energy of falling water is used to drive turbine generators in hydroelectric stations. The heat derived by burning coal, oil, or other fossil fuels is used to operate steam turbines or internal-combustion engines that drive electric generators. Also the heat from fissioning of uranium or plutonium is used to generate steam for the turbine generator in a nuclear power plant.
Electricity generated by the conversion of light or chemical energy is used mainly for portable power sources. For example, a photoelectric cell converts the energy from light to electrical energy for operating the exposure meter in a camera. A lead-acid battery converts chemical energy to electrical energy for starting an automobile engine.
Electric power produced in large power stations generally is transmitted by using an alternating current that reverses direction 25, 50, or 60 times per second. The basic unit for measuring electric power is the watt.
Electricity is clean, inexpensive, and easily transmitted over long distances. It is used to operate lights, pumps, elevators, power tools, furnaces, refrigerators, air-conditioners, radios, television-sets, industrial machinery, and many other kinds of equipment. It has been counted that in developed countries about 43% of the electric power is generally used for industrial purposes, 32% in homes, and 21% in commercial enterprises.
Vocabulary
III. Remember these words:
fossil, fuel, engine, steam, cell, reverse, to measure, equipment, fission, pump.
Grammar
IV. Translate these sentences. Find predicates in the passive voice.
a)
1. The transmission lines are interconnected in switching stations.
2. The first central electric power station was installed in 1882.
3. The world power capacity is doubled about per decade.
4. The cable will be used to test the transmission line.
5. These stations can be linked up into a network.
b)
1. Electrical loads or consumers in power installations are the various arrangements and installations that are used to transform electric power into mechanical, heat and chemical power, or energy.
2. In a power network the large blocks of electric power are transmitted on the grid of transmission lines. From the grid power is being subdivided into smaller blocks and fed into the transmission parts of the power network. Finally, the consumers are being serviced from the distribution network.