- •Part I Basic English unit 1
- •Text One
- •Text Three
- •Text Four
- •Notes. Forms and Patterns.
- •Drills Drill 1. Is this a car?
- •Drill 2. When is your birthday?
- •Drill 3. How old are you?
- •Drill 10. That’s your bicycle, and this is my bicycle.
- •Drill 11. Is this my bicycle?
- •Drill 12. A. Whose book is this? (my)
- •Vocabulary and Comprehension Exercises
- •Exercise 2. (Text 2)
- •Grammar Exercises Exercise 1. Rewrite the sentences using «he, she, we or they».
- •Text One
- •Text Two
- •Text Three
- •Text Four
- •Notes. Forms and Patterns.
- •Compare:
- •2. Some words have irregular forms in the plural:
- •Vocabulary and Comprehension Exercises Exercise 1. (Text 1). Answer each question with a complete sentence.
- •Exercise 2. (Text 1). Change each sentence into a question.
- •Exercise 3. (Text 2). Answer each question with a sentence from the story.
- •Exercise 4. (Text 2). Answer each question about Mr. Emmons’ daily routine.
- •Exercise 6. (Text 3). Make a question with the information and the question
- •Exercise 7. (Text 3). Below are the answers to some questions, but the questions
- •Exercise 8. (Text 3). Match the words on the left with the definitions on the
- •Exercise 9. (Text 4). Look at the following questions. Are they polite or not polite
- •Grammar Exercises Exercise 1. Write in the singular:
- •Exercise 3. Make eight sentences.
- •Exercise 4. Choose the correct verb form.
- •Exercise 5. Choose the correct verb for each blank.
- •Exercise 7. Write ‘do’ or ‘does’ in each blank.
- •Exercise 8. Put in the correct form of the verb.
- •Text One
- •Text Three
- •Notes. Forms and Patterns.
- •Vocabulary and Comprehension Exercises Exercise 1. (Text 1) Answer each question with a complete sentence.
- •Exercise 2. (Text 1) Change each sentence into a special question.
- •Exercise 3. (Text 2) Answer the questions:
- •Grammar Exercises Exercise 1. Which use is expressed in the following sentences:
- •Exercise 2. Write in the «-ing» form of the following verbs.
- •Exercise 3. Write what is true for you now, around now, or in the near future.
- •Exercise 4. Use the frame below to make sentences without changing the verb.
- •Exercise 5. Change the sentences using the Present Continuous Tense and one of
- •Exercise 6. Make the following sentences a) negative; b) interrogative.
- •Exercise 11. Complete the dialogue with «some, any, no».
- •Text One
- •Notes: Forms and Patterns.
- •Vocabulary and Comprehension Exercises Exercise 1. (Text 1) Answer each question with a complete sentence.
- •Exercise 2. (Text 2)
- •Exercise 3. (Text 3) Answer the questions:
- •Exercise 5. Put in the correct tense:
- •Exercise 6. Choose the Present Simple Tense or the Present Continuous Tense.
- •Exercise 7. Read the information below and answer the questions.
- •About opening and closing times in britain
- •Exercise 8. Write these sentences in the negative, using «much» or «many».
- •Exercise 11. Use «a little» or «a few» in the sentences below.
- •Exercise 12. Write questions with «How much?» or «How many?»
- •Exercise 13. Choose the correct answer.
- •Exercise 15. Match a line in a with a line in b and a line in c.
- •Exercise 16. Complete the columns with these nouns:
- •Text One
- •Text Two
- •Text Three
- •Notes: Forms and Patterns
- •2. The Possessive Case
- •Vocabulary and Comprehension Exercises
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Exercise 3. Make affirmative or negative sentences without changing the verb.
- •Exercise 4. Complete the following sentences with the given alternatives using
- •Exercise 5. Make up sentences using the Present Perfect Tense.
- •Exercise 6. Make appropriate questions.
- •Exercise 8. «Is» or «has»?
- •Exercise 9. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect Tense.
- •Exercise 13. Fill in the blanks with a noun form from the parentheses.
- •Exercise 15. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Text One
- •Text Two
- •Text Three
- •Notes. Forms and Patterns
- •It is often possible to put a time adverbial at the beginning of the sentence.
- •Vocabulary and Comprehension Exercises Exercise 1. (Text 1) Answer the questions.
- •Exercise 4. (Text 2) Answer the questions.
- •Exercise 5. (Text 3) Answer the questions.
- •Grammar Exercises
- •Introduction to Scientific English
- •Часть I
- •Irregular Verbs (Неправильные глаголы)
Notes. Forms and Patterns
1. The Present Perfect Continuous
(a) |
Forms: |
has
have |
+
|
been |
+ |
verb |
+ |
ing (present participle) |
I have (I’ve) been working you have (you’ve) been working she has (she’s) been working we have (we’ve) been working you have (you’ve) been working they have (they’ve) been working |
have I been working? have you been working? has she been working? have we been working? have you been working? have they been working? |
I have not (haven’t) been working you have not (haven’t) been working she has not (hasn’t) been working we have not (haven’t) been working you have not (haven’t) been working they have not (haven’t) been working |
We use the Present Perfect Continuous:
to express an activity which continues to the present:
-
e.g.
We’ve been waiting here for hours!
It’s been raining for days.
to refer to an activity with a result in the present:
-
e.g.
I’m hot because I’ve been running.
Her shoes are muddy. She’s been digging the garden.
(с) The Present Perfect Continuous often occurs with «for, since, how long»:
-
e.g.
It has been raining for two hours.
They’ve been watching television since 2 o’clock.
How long have you been smoking?
Types of questions.
One man has been drinking coffee to stay warm. |
|
2. Word Order.
The most common word order in an English sentence is
-
1) subject 2) verb 3) object 4) adverbials
When there are several adverbials the normal order is a) manner b) place c) time
-
e.g.
Our guide speaks English fluently.
Tom walks to work every morning.
It is often possible to put a time adverbial at the beginning of the sentence.
e.g. Every morning Tom walks to work.
Question Words.
The words «who», «what», «which», «how many», «how much» can begin two kinds of question.
-
e.g.
The ball (S) hits the window (O).
What hit the window? (a question to the subject)
What does the ball hit? (a question to the object)
Questions can begin with a question word.
-
what who where when which why how whose
-
e.g.
How does she go to work? - By train.
Where is the station? - In Baker Street.
2) «What», «Which», and «Whose» can be followed by a noun.
-
e.g.
What size do you take?
Whose book is this?
Which coat is yours?
3) «How» can be followed by an adjective or an adverb.
-
e.g.
How big is his new car?
How fast does it go?
Drills
Drill 1. |
How long have you been living in this house? (since 1970)
|
How long has the baby been crying? (all the morning)
How long have you been trying to get this book? (for a week)
How long have you been discussing this problem? (for 3 hours)
How long has she been looking after her little sister? (for 2 years)
How long has your brother been watching television? (all the evening)
How long has the fire been burning? (all the night)
How long has she been helping her mother about the house? (since her childhood)
How long has he been sleeping? (for hours)
How long has your brother been collecting postage stamps? (since he was in the fifth form).
How long has she been practising the piano? (for the last two hours)
Drill 2. |
Why are you so dirty? (dig potatoes in the garden)
|
Why are her eyes red? (cry)
Why are you so angry? (quarrel with Bob)
Why is her coat wet? (walk in the rain)
Why do you know nothing about Helen’s marriage? (travel)
Why haven’t they left the room during the break? (discuss the new play)
Drill 3. |
Is John still sleeping? (hours)
|
Is Mary still writing letters? (two o’clock)
Are you living in Scotland now? (a year)
Are you still working for the same company? (I left school)
Are they still trying to learn French? (ten years)
Are they all sitting in the garden? (lunch time)
Is he still playing tennis? (ten o’clock)
Is John still waiting for Mary? (more than an hour)
Drill 4. |
John is still waiting for Mary.
|
They’re all sitting in the garden.
He’s still working in that office.
We are living in London now.
Mary is still staying at the Grand Hotel.
Mrs. Smith is still talking to Mrs. Jones.
Peter’s still reading that book.
That fire is still burning.