- •The nature of philosophical knowledge.
- •2 Philosophy as the theoretical basis of worldview.
- •Philosophy as general methodology.
- •4. Philosophy in its various representations.
- •5. Worldview. Historical forms of worldview.
- •6. The main functions and the significance of philosophy.
- •7.An outline history of philosophy. The historical stages and modes of philosophizing.
- •8. Philosophy of Antiquity. General characteristics of schools and philosophical systems.
- •9. Middle Ages: general characteristics and an account on the religious philosophy.
- •10. The Mediaeval argumentation on the universals. Nominalists and Realists
- •11. The Renaissance: the ideas of Humanism and Philosophy of Science.
- •12. The Modern Ages: transition to a new philosophy. Empiricism and Rationalism
- •13. The philosophical problem of Man, Society and State in French Enlightenment.
- •15. Kant and his critical philosophy.
- •Marxism – a new doctrine of the 19th century. The idea of alienation.
- •Philosophy of Antiquity. General characteristics of schools and philosophical systems.
- •Interlude on Russian Philosophy. The Westerners and Slavofiles.
- •29 An outline Theory of Dialectics. Historical forms of Dialectics. Dialectics and Metaphysics.
- •30. The basic categories of Dialectics.
- •The methodological significance of the Law of Negation. The progressive nature of development.
- •35. Matter: the unity and diversity of the Forms of its manifestations.
- •The philosophical conception of Man. Man as a biopsychosocial being.
- •Cosciousness: essence and origin.
- •41 Consciousness, language and communication.
- •42)The decisive role of labour operations in the formation of man and his consciousness
- •The structure of Consciousness. Self-consciousness. Reflection.
- •45.Practice as the Basis and Purpose of Cognition and the Criteria of True Knowledge.
- •46. The philosophical concept of Truth. Absolute and Relative Truth. Truth, Error and Lie
- •50. The Economic Sphere of Society’s life. Material Production: the concept and the main elements
- •The Political Sphere of Society’s Life. Politics, the State and Law.
- •55. The Structure of Social Consciousness: Moral, Legal, Political, Religious, Science, and Aesthetic Consciousness.
- •Progress as a historically necessary Direction of Society’s Development.
The Political Sphere of Society’s Life. Politics, the State and Law.
Thus, politics - a field of activity associated with the relationship between social groups in the center of which is the problem of conquering, keeping and using of state power. Public relations between different social groups and, consequently, the policy that reflects the fundamental interests of these groups, are resulted from their place in the economic life of society. It is most fully and deeply reflection of fundamental economic interests of different social groups. Therefore, it is a concentrated expression of economics, its generalization and completion. Politics makes a great influence on the economy and other spheres of social life. A striking proof of this is social and political processes which take place now at the stage of Ukrainian statehood. Country - the subject of politics, the core of the political system. It is characterized by sovereignty and includes the sovereignty of the people and nationalities. State is a special political-territorial organization, which has sovereignty and the special apparatus of coercion and is able to dictate its compulsory nature. The essence of the state - a domestic content of its activities, which expresses the unity of the general social and narrowclassed (group) interests of citizens. Any state with pure class solving problems, and performs general social problem (common cause) without which no society can function. These are means of communication and transport, construction of roads, irrigation facilities, combating epidemics, crime, measures to ensure peace and others. Law - legal act regulating the most important, social relations through the establishment of binding rules (norms) established the legislative body (Parliament) obligatory for everyone(for all citizens) rule, which has the highest legal force. Laws obligatory for execution within a certain time, on definite territory and with respect to concrete range of people, organizations and other entities. Laws and other legal acts adopted in Ukraine under the Constitution of Ukraine and must conform to it.
55. The Structure of Social Consciousness: Moral, Legal, Political, Religious, Science, and Aesthetic Consciousness.
Political consciousness is very important form of social consciousness in every modern society. Political consciousness – system of views ideas knowledge and other political methods with the help of wich political interests of subjects of political processes carried out. Political consciousness includes ideological and psychological aspects. Political consciousness closely connected with politics. Politics with basic economic interests of social subjects and is extremely complicated sphere of social relationship.
Legal consciousness plays significant part in activity of society. It is system of knowledge and views on legal rights and norms, which regulates the behavior of people in society. Legal consciousness closely connected with legal norms and laws respectively to dominating in society views on law, order and justice. Interacting with politics law make a great influence on its realization, been the base of development of legal consciousness.
Moral consciousness is a system of norms and rules of behavior of people in society. Ulike the legal norms, norms of moral not grounded in legal laws, but is regulated in society by the power of civil thaught. Moral makes significant influence on the development of society relationship. It is very important nowadays, that values of moral consciousness become an integral part of human psychology, his moral face.
Esthetical consciousness represents objective reality by the way of concrete images. Unlike to the legal consciousness, that represents the being in the form of logical consepts and theories, esthetic consciousness express in concrete scientific-sensetive forms, that makes influence on our sense organs and provoke some emotional reaction. Esthetic consciousness is the form of social consciousness developed in connection with the development of all society, and first of all represents changes in the being of people and in their material life. In the base of esthetic consciousness lies art.
Religious as the form of social consciousness consists of religious ideology and religious psychology. Religious ideology usually develops by teologists. Religious psychology forming basically spontaneous consist of nonsystematic religious feelings, moods, habits connected mainly with belief in supernatural.
It’s a big dependence of maturity of society on the maturial consciousness, sizes of consciousness involving, spiritual involving in transforming of reality.