7 Transform the sentences using Simple / Continuous Passive

1. We often receive phone calls in the morning. 2. They opened a new supermarket in this area last year. 3. We don’t often notice him here. 4. I’m sure Ralf will win this competition. 5. He broke his arm last November. 6. Ben will carry this heavy suitcase. 7. Are they cleaning the flat at the moment? 8. He didn’t peel potatoes in the morning. 9. The students won’t take this exam next week. 10. The farmers aren’t planting cherry trees now. 11. Bob ate all the ice-cream at lunch. 12. Will they cook supper in an hour? 13. Mr. Smith didn’t teach this class. 14. When will the postman deliver the mail?

Grammar 2: Утворення дробових числівників

§ 1 Запам’ятайте, що у простих дробах чисельником є кількісний числівник, а знаменником – порядковий. Якщо чисельник більший за одиницю, то знаменник має закінчення –s:

1/2 – a half 2/3 – two thirds 2/5 – two fifth

1/3 – a third 5/6 - five sixth 1/100 – a hundredth

1/4 – a quarter (a fourth) 2 ½ - two and a half

§ 2 У десяткових дробах ціла частина відділяється від дробової крапкою, яка читається point. Нуль читається nought або zero. Якщо число цілих дорівнює нулю, воно часто не читається. Кожна цифра як цілої, так і дробової частини десяткового дробу читається окремо:

0.2 – nought point two / point two 3.27 – three point two seven

42.03 – twenty-four point nought three / two four point nought three

8 Запишіть словами a) прості дроби, b) десяткові дроби

a) 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5, 2/3, 2/5, 3/4, 3/6, 3/8, 1/10, 1/100, 2 1/3, 3 1/4, 4 3/5, 5 4/7;

b) 0.3, 0.34, 0.23, 0.4, 0.12, 0.36, 2.02, 3.41, 4.245, 5.004, 67.310, 23.031, 74.059.

5 Society and culture

Culture bonds people together. A person who refers to any culture probably is thinking of a large population with some commonalities of world views, attitudes, concept of self and language. But nowadays music, television, movies do not have national boundaries. Rock music which began as a combination of African rhythms, African-American blues and jazz, today has fused with musical forms from around the globe. In any place it is common to find people wearing American Levi jeans. Japanese television now features MTV. The Academy Awards are watched by more than billion people worldwide. Chinese restaurants can be found in many countries. American art was influenced by Picasso, a European artist, who, in turn, was influenced by African art. Cultural diversity within

nations is a result of sweeping changes occurring in the world.

Culture is known to have many meanings. One of them refers to the spiritual and material achievements of humanity. On the whole it is possible to distinguish three kinds of culture. They are elite culture, folk culture and popular culture. These cultures are closely connected with one another and one culture is part of the others. Elite culture is a highly developed sphere; it is comprised of painting, sculpture, architecture, literature, music. Folk culture is the culture of everyday life and routine relations of social life. Folk culture consists of traditional knowledge and practice. It is like a habit of people, thus this culture does not change very quickly. Popular culture is mass culture. It is a professionally organized sphere that works for a large mass of people. Popular culture gives people, especially young, standards to be what they like. Today the life of many young people is influenced by popular culture, especially by popular music.

Music is art, reflecting validity in sound art images, one of the forms of public ideology. Having powerful emotional effect, music during all history of mankind plays a huge social, cultural and educational role. There are many different styles of music: Jazz, Pop, Rock, Classic, Hard Core, Jungle, Break Beat and others. The youth usually like styles which are rhythmic and dancing. Young people usually follow certain stereotypes that are imposed on them through TV, movies, music. In their lifestyles the youth try to imitate the images of their idols, follow them in their tours and support them.

• Fill in the gaps with the following words: inhabitants, queue, snack, banned, the social rules, learn, written, acceptable, good manners, surprised, to eat, expression, bad publicity, permission