Англ(2курс, 2 семестр)

Ships and Sea Travel

When a ship goes out to sea it leaves the ….., or port. The speed of a ship is measured in ….. . The foremost part of the ship is called the ….. .The name of the ship is often painted on the back. This part of the ship is called ..... . A ….. is used to steer the ship. The goods are stored in the ….. .

The man in command on board is the ….. . The first ….. is responsible for navigation. To ….. a ship the sailors need maps, a ….. and other instruments. Seamaps are called ….. . A ….. knows where they are at sea by finding the longitude and ….. .

All the people who work on board are ….. . Together they are called the ….. of the ship. The crew sleep in ….. , or berths.

A holiday-trip by ship is a ….. . When passengers go on to a ship we say that they ….. , or board the ship. When you want to leave or ….. the ship you have to use the gang-plank, or ….. . Holidaymakers on board can sit in ….. . They sleep in ….. . Passengers are served food by the ….. . The food is prepared in the ….. .

Sometimes the ….. can be dangerous, especially when the coast consists of steep rocks called ….. . Along the more dangerous parts of the ….. there are usually ….. used for warning ships at sea.

If a ship runs into rocks, it becomes a ….. . If your ship is wrecked you have to jump ….. . Then you should wear a ….. .

When it’s ….. weather the surface of the water begins to move. These movements of the water are called ….. . When the waves are very high many people suffer from ….. .

Ships are ….. and repaired in ….. . They are loaded and unloaded by ….. Ships which carry cargoes are called ….. and those which are used for war purposes. A ship which is part of a commercial …. is called a ….. . A general term for ships and boats is ….. . After a ship has sailed into the harbour it is ….. . This is mostly done with a ….. or cable.

54. Read, translate and learn the dialogue by heart.

A VOYAGE ROUND EUROPE

Lilly: Hello, Anne. Are you back from your holidays already? Oh, you're lovely and brown! Where have you been?

Anne: Oh, I’ve had a fantastic time! I've just been on a cruise round Europe with my Dad.

L.: Oh, you lucky thing! You must have seen so many interesting places. Where did you sail from?

A.: Well, we left from Odessa...

L.: Did you call at any European ports?

A.: Yes. Quite a lot. We went ashore at each one and went on some really interesting trips sightseeing.

L.: Did you go by train or did you hire a car?

A.: No, we went by coach. Now I can say I’ve seen Rome, London, Paris and

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Athens.

L.: Oh, I’m so envious. Were you ever seasick?

A.: Only a little. I was fine, until two days after Gibraltar. The sea suddenly became very rough, and I had to stay in my cabin.

L.: What a shame! But was your father all right? A.: Yes, he was fine all the time. He’s never seasick. L.: Did you go ashore when you reached Spain?

A.: No, we only saw the coast-line from the deck. It didn't really look very inviting, a bit bare and monotonous, in fact.

L.: And did you go for a swim in the Mediterranean?

A.: Yes, and in the Atlantic Ocean too. There are some beautiful beaches on the west coast of France. It’s so nice to have a swim there.

L.: Well, I'm glad you've had such a lovely time!

55.Translate into English.

1.У погану погоду я вважаю за краще бути на палубі, а не в каюті. Я дуже важко переношу хитавицю, але в каюті мені важко дихати.

2.Ми познайомилися на теплоході минулого літа.

3.На цьому лайнері майже не відчувається хитавиця.

4.Коли ми відпливаємо? Через 10 хвилин.

5.Як Ви гадаєте, я встигну на пором?

6.Йдіть на палубу. Там Ви будете почувати себе краще.

7.Він узяв квиток на пароплав до Одеси через Жданів.

8.Він прочитав багато книжок про безлюдні острови й бажав здійснити подорож море, але в нього не було досвіду мореплавця.

9.Мешканці міст зазвичай люблять спокійний відпочинок на березі моря або в горах, щоб нічого не робити, а тільки гуляти, купатися й засмагати.

10.На борту великих морських суден і маленьких річкових пароплавів люди можуть відвідати різні країни й побачити визначні пам'ятки архітектури у власній країні.

56. Match the following idioms to their translation and use them in situations or

57. Listening.‘The Mary Celeste’.

A. Listen to the story and answer the questions.

C. What events are associated with the following words.

Lifeboat, compass, windows, pumps, sails, food, personal possessions, cut, toys, navigation instruments, logbook, forehatch, bloodstains, salvage money.

D.Find the words for the following definitions.

1.all the people working on a ship;

2.the official daily written record of a ship's voyage;

3.the front of a ship;

4.put a boat into the water;

5.an instrument that shows the position of “north";

6.a weapon;

7.a long, thin, narrow, flat piece of wood;

8.payment given to those who save other’s property at sea;

9.goods carried on a ship;

10.a machine for forcing water into or out of something.

E.Listen to Part II and fill in the gaps. What do you think happened?

Sarah: I don’t know what happened, but it ………………. suddenly. Mark: Why do you think that?

S: Think about it. There were toys on the captain’s bed, weren’t there? The kid

……………… and they ……… her suddenly.

M: Yes, that’s true. And food was on the table. They ………………… ready to eat. S: The lifeboat was missing, right? They ……………………… their emergency drill. They……….............. into the boat and launched it.

…………................a gust of wind; then the ship ………… forward and

……………………… the lifeboat. That explains the marks on the bow.

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M: Come on. They ……………………… in the lifeboat. What about the captain? He

…………… the ship!

S: Well, he …………..the drill and jumped in to save the others.

TRAVELLING BY TRAIN

58. Read the following text; study the vocabulary to use it in further exercises. Travelling by Train

Modern life is impossible without travelling. True, we often get tired of the same surroundings and daily routine. Hence, some relaxation is essential to restore our mental and physical resources. That is why the best place of relaxation, in my opinion, is the one where you have never been before. And it is by means of travelling that you get to that place.

You can travel by plane, by boat, by train, and finally on foot. Should you ask me what kind of transport I like best, I’d speak in support of the train. With a train you have speed, comfort and pleasure combined.

To be on the safe side and to spare yourself the trouble of standing long hours in the line, you’d better book tickets in advance. All you have to do is to ring up the railway station booking office, and they will send your ticket to your place. And, of course, before getting off you have to make your preparations. You should settle all your business and visit your friends and relatives. On the eve of your departure you should pack your things in a suitcase. When the day of your departure comes you call a taxi and go to the railway station.

What place is more interesting than a big station? There is the movement, the excitement, the gaiety of the people going away and sorrow of those who are seeing others off. There are the shouts of the porters as they drive the luggage trucks along the platforms and passengers hurrying to board the train.

For some time you stay in the waiting-room. If you are hungry you take some refreshments. When the loud speaker announces that the train is in, the passengers are invited to take their seats. You find your carriage, show your ticket to the guard, enter the corridor and find your berth. It may be a lower berth, which is more convenient, or an upper one. You put your suitcase into a special box under the lower seat. Then you arrange your smaller packages on the racks. Finally the train starts off.

Travelling by train is slower than by plane, but it has its advantages. You can see the country you are travelling through and enjoy the beautiful nature.

Comprehension Check

59. Answer the questions.

1.Why is modern life impossible without travelling?

2.How can we restore our mental and physical resources?

3.What means of travelling do you prefer and why?

4.What should you do on the eve of your departure?

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5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of travelling by train to your mind?

60. Complete the sentences.

1.Modern life is impossible...

2.We usually travel when we get tired of...

3.Some relaxation is essential...

4.You can travel by...

5.You’d better book tickets...

6.At a big station there is...

7.If you are hungry...

8.You put your suitcase...

9.Travelling by train is slower than by plane but it has...

10.It’s much more convenient...

Vocabulary Focus

61.Explain the meaning of the following words and word combinations in English and be ready to use them in your own situations.

Surroundings; to be essential; to restore; to book a ticket; to have an advantage; package; to start off; to spare the time; destination; luggage trucks; to board the train; on the eve of; to take refreshments; to be on the safe side; on the racks; to spare yourself the trouble; to settle business.

62.Translate the topical vocabulary into English.

Оточення; повсякденні справи; розумові та фізичні ресурси; сідати на потяг;

про всяк випадок; звільнити себе від клопоту; стояти в черзі; заздалегідь; готуватися до подорожі; владнати справи; напередодні; складати речі; сповіщати; вагон; спальне місце; пакунок; сітка; місце призначення.

63.Translate the words and word combinations into Ukrainian.

To get tired of smth; to be essential; to restore mental and physical resources; to

speak in support of smth; gaiety; to take refreshments; on the rack; to start off; to have an advantage; there is no doubt; destination.

64. Translate into English.

1.- Ви не підкажете як вчинити з багажем? -Доручіть багаж носильнику.

2.- Послухайте, пане, ви вільні? Подбайте, будь ласка, про мій багаж.

3.Я б хотіла взяти це з собою. - Можете взяти ручний багаж з собою до вагону. Доплата за багаж понаднормою не буде великою.

4.Коли ми відправляємося? - Потяг відправляється вже незабаром. Рівно о 9.50 відповідно до розкладу.

5.Ви хіба не чули? Час посадки вже було оголошено.

6.Тут стільки колій! На якій колії стоїть наш потяг? Чи не час сідати у вагон? Бачите, як усі поспішають зайняти свої місця.

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7.Наше купе через одне.

8.Не могли б ми з вами помінятися місцями? - Сідайте тут. Ми посунемося.

9.Не торкайтеся стоп-крана.

10.Давай твої речі. Якщо потяг уже стоїть, я піду у вагон і займу місця. А ти візьми квитки. - Добре. Тільки не забудь, що я не можу їхати проти ходу потяга. І не клади мої речі на полицю, я це зроблю сама.

11.Я буду чекати тебе за півгодини біля камери схову. - Добре. А я поки збігаю в кіоск і куплю газету, адже їхати довго.

12.Наш потяг стояв на великій станції, де було дуже багато платформ.

13.Де я можу купити квиток на потяг до Полтави? - Каса он там.

14.Мабуть, доведеться встати в чергу.

15.Скільки коштує дитячий квиток? - За дітей до 14 років платять половину вартості квитка. - Дайте мені два повних квитка і два дитячих.

16.Я б хотів нижнє місце проти руху потяга.

66. Read the text “Modern Trains”. Study the vocabulary and be ready to discuss the following questions.

What kinds of mentioned trains are available in Ukraine?

What kind of trains do you usually use to get to your native city or other destination?

Modern Trains

One notable and growing long-distance train category is high-speed rail. Generally, high speed rail runs at speeds above 200 km/h and often operates on dedicated track that is surveyed and prepared to accommodate high speeds.

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Japan's Shinkansen ("bullet-train") commenced operation in 1964, and was the first successful example of a high speed passenger rail system.

The fastest wheeled train running on rails is France's TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse, literally "high speed train"), which achieved a speed of 574.8 km/h, twice the takeoff speed of a Boeing 727 jetliner.

In most cases, high-speed rail travel is timeand cost-competitive with air travel when distances do not exceed 500 to 600 km, as airport check-in and boarding procedures may add as many as two hours to the actual transit time. Also, rail operating costs over these distances may be lower when the amount of fuel consumed by an airliner during take-off and climb-out is considered. As travel distance increases, the latter consideration becomes less of the total cost of operating an airliner and air travel becomes more cost-competitive.

Passenger trains can be divided into three major groups:

Intercity trains: connecting cities in the fastest time possible, bypassing all intermediate stations.

Fast trains: calling at larger intermediate stations between cities, serving large urban communities.

Regional trains: calling at all intermediate stations between cities, serving all lineside communities.

For shorter distances many cities have networks of commuter trains, serving the city and its suburbs. Trains are a very efficient mode of transportation to cope with large traffic demand in a metropolis. Compared with road transport, it carries many people with much smaller land area and little air pollution.

Some carriages may be laid out to have more standing room than seats, or to facilitate the carrying of prams, cycles or wheelchairs. Some countries have doubledecked passenger trains for use in conurbations. Double deck high speed and sleeper trains are becoming more common in mainland Europe.

Comprehension Check

67. Answer the questions.

1.What speed does high-speed rail run at?

2.What track does it operate on?

3.When did Japan’s “bullet-train” commence operation?

4.What is the fastest wheeled train?

5.What is the high-speed rail travel timeand cost-competitive with and why?

6.What are major group of passenger trains?

7.What trains are used in conurbations of some countries?

68.Complete the sentences.

a.Japan's "bullet-train" commenced___________.

b.The fastest wheeled train_____________.

c.In most cases, high-speed rail travel is____________.

d.For shorter distances many cities have_______________.

e.Trains are a very efficient________________.

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f.Some carriages may be laid out_____________.

g.Some countries have double-decked________________.

h.In mainland Europe________________.

Vocabulary Focus

69. Explain the meaning of the following words and word combinations in English and be ready to use them in your own situations.

Intercity train; fast train; regional train; commuter train; double-decked passenger train; sleeper train; high-speed rail; wheeled train; intermediate station.

70. Translate into Ukrainian.

High-speed rail; to run at speed; a dedicated track; to accommodate high speeds; to commence; wheeled train; to be timeand cost-competitive; transit time; take-off and climb-out; intercity trains; regional trains; intermediate stations; to call at; lineside communities; networks of commuter trains; standing room; double-decked passenger trains; conurbations; sleeper trains.

71. Read a joke below and then dramatise it with your groupmates. Mark Twain in France

Mark Twain, the famous American writer, was travelling in France. Once he was going by train to Dijon. That afternoon he was very tired and wanted to sleep. He therefore asked the conductor to wake him up when they came to Dijon. But first he explained that he was a very heavy sleeper. “I’ll probably protest loudly when you try to wake me up”, he said to the conductor. “But do not take any notice, just put me off the train anyway”.

Then Mark Twain went to sleep. Later, when he woke up, it was night-time and the train was in Paris already. He realised at once that the conductor had forgotten to wake him up in Dijon. He was very angry. He ran to the conductor and began to shout at him. “I have never been so angry in my life”, Mark Twain said.

The conductor looked at him calmly. “You are not half so angry as the American whom I put off the train at Dijon”, he said.

TRAVELLING BROADENS THE MIND

72. Read the text “Travelling Broadens the Mind”, note some of the key words concerned with trains, boats, cars, coaches and planes. As you read, put down the details of each of the six journeys described. Collect the six journeys.

Travelling Broadens the Mind

June 29-th... June 1-st. And they're off. Suitcases packed. Notes left for the milkman. Arrangements made for the budgerigar to be looked after. They're all off.

Uncle Bill and Auntie Jane are on the quayside at the cross-channel port of Dover ‒ the first stage of their Mediterranean cruise ‒ "the voyage of a lifetime" their travel agent called it. They've been through customs (half an hour's delay while

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suitcases were emptied in search of missing passports) and they'll be embarking soon. When they go aboard, Bill will finally be allowed to take those boarding cards out of his mouth.

Granny's at the coach station armed with her special old-age pensioner's season ticket ‒ a kind of awayday, runabout, extended period, half-price ticket rolled into one. Today she's off on a one-day sightseeing excursion to Stonehenge, Blackpool Tower and Canterbury Cathedral.

Julia's with her boyfriend at the airport, kicking their cases through the departure lounge of what they hope is Terminal 3 and the right place to be for the package holiday charter flight that their tour operator assured them would be leaving sometime this morning. To their right, the 1-st class passengers are sipping champagne cocktails; to their left, those in economy and tourist class are drinking coffee from the machine and, under their feet, those on stand-by, are looking hopefully up from their sandwiches.

Mum and Dad are already on the open road. They decided to make an early start on their touring holiday through the Loire valley. "Your turn to drive now. Come on, let's get moving. Switch on, then. OK, it's all clear. Pull out, there's nothing coming. Well, take the handbrake off. Right, indicate. Come on, drive away. At last! Right, keep over. Keep to the right. Change gear, then. Come on, accelerate!"

"Porter!" "Sir?" "How much?" "50p." "No thanks; I'll manage my own luggage." Uncle Mac is about to board the 10.40 inter-city express to Glasgow for a fortnight's holiday back in the homeland. "Do I have to change?" "No, it's a through train, sir, non-stop all the way." It looks as if quite a few expatriates have had the same idea. The compartments all look full - especially the non-smokers - and the buffet car already sounds like Glasgow on the night of a Celtic-Rangers football match.

My brother's on the slip road of the M1 motorway at Junction 14, a rucksack on his back containing sleeping bag, biscuits and a change of underwear. He's been there for an hour and a half with his homemade sign saying "Anywhere", trying to thumb a lift. There are no hostels or transport cafes in sight. The rucksack is getting heavier and the sky is getting darker. It's not much of a life sometimes, hitch-hiking.

Oh dear. Granny's coach has got stuck in a traffic jam, a queue of cars as far as the eye can see. OK, so central Birmingham is on the direct route from Blackpool to Canterbury. But during the rush-hour? With thousands of commuters heading for home? Not a good plan. After all, what are bypasses and ringroads for? "Right, you can overtake this one. There's no speed limit here. Oh, a diversion. You'd better turn off the main road. Pull across to the middle. Now keep in the right lane. I mean the left lane. I mean..."

Crashes at take-off, mid-air collisions, flight recorders never recovered, no survivors... "This is your captain speaking” wakes Julia's boyfriend up. Another nightmare over. The stewardess is smiling down at him. "Fasten your seat-belts, please."

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Uncle Bill and Auntie Jane have settled into their cabin, unpacked their things and have gone up on deck. The sea is calm, the sunset is out of this world, and Uncle Bill is beginning to feel just a little bit seasick. They are due to set sail in half an hour.

Traffic is still crawling along behind and in front of Granny's coach. You can see the casualties by the side of the road, in lay-bys and on the grass verges - bonnets up, overheated engines, steaming radiators. The guide is into his second hour on the history of Canterbury Cathedral. "Toilets 1 mile!" the cry is heard. There is great happiness.

"Right, here's a garage. "Essence" must mean petrol station. We'd better pull in. Come on, slow down. Now, what's French for? " " and "top up the battery" and...?"

Brother got a lift half an hour ago ‒ for five miles. He was dropped at the next exit off the motorway and is now trying his luck on a minor road. There's a four-star hotel on his left (full board $35 a night for a single room), a guesthouse on his right (15 per person for bed and breakfast) and a long road ahead of him.

Granny's having her packed dinner and gazing at the silhouette of Canterbury Cathedral against the night sky. No matter. She can sleep on the return journey (reclining seats and air-conditioning on the coach), and tomorrow's another day. There's a trip to the local brewery; that sounds much better.

Uncle Mac is sitting on his cases in the corridor outside the guard's van, surrounded by a ring of miniature bottles of scotch.

Julia's plane has landed. Her boyfriend's wondering whether to try and save something from the bottles of duty-free spirits he's just dropped. Julia's more interested in the connecting bus that's supposed to take them to their final destination.

Uncle Bill is on the bridge with the captain, asking him if there's any chance of being put ashore before the sea gets any rougher.

"Well, it's about time we found a bed for the night, don't you think? You see that motel on the left? There! There, where I'm pointing! There, the one with the... Hey, pull up! Pull up! Oh dear, pull over. I wonder what the French is for "I'm sorry, we appear to have dented your bumper".

(G. Wellman "Wordbuilder")

Comprehension Check

73. Complete the following sentences.

1.The travel agent called the Mediterranean cruise____________.

2.Granny's was armed with her special old-age pensioner's season ticket__________.

3.Terminal 3 was the right place for___________.

4.Dad helped Mum to drive by giving her commands like______________.

5.Uncle Mac did not have to change. It was a______________.

6.Brother was on the slip road, trying_______________.

7.Brother was dropped at the next_______________.

8.Granny can sleep on the______________________.

9.Julia’s boyfriend was wondering if________________.

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