Англ(2курс, 2 семестр)

67. Find the appropriate definition for the words.

68. Translate into English.

1.Площа Пікаділі знаходиться на перехресті вулиць Пікаділі та Ріджентс.

2.Тут знаходиться кафе "Роял", де на початку століття зустрічалися літератори та художники.

3.Статуя Ероса – фігура янгола з луком – насправді називається Шафтсбері Меморіал та була створена сером Альфредом Джильбертом на честь графа Шафтсбері у 1892-1893 роках. Ця статуя з'явилася на площі Пікаділі після реставрації.

4.На Трафальгарській площі знаходиться пам'ятник легендарному адміралу Нельсону.

5. На чотирьох бронзових барел'єфах, які знаходяться з чотирьох боків пам'ятника, зображені легендарні битви.

6.З північного боку Трафальгарської площі розташована національна галерея, а

зпівденного – вулиця Уайтхол.

7.Кожного року сюди присилають новорічну ялинку з Норвегії, біля якої збираються багато людей під Новий рік.

8.Назва найжвавішого місця пішла з назви будинку, котрий у 17-му столітті належав кравцю, який став багатим завдяки пошиву високих комірців, відомих як "пікаделес" або "пікаділіс".

69. Read the text and study the new vocabulary. Work in pairs and make five questions which could cover the contents. Speak in pairs getting more information about Piccadilly.

Piccadilly – the Heart of London

For generations Piccadilly has been the heart of London's rich West End, the place of entertainment and amusement. the name of the busiest spot, probably, came from the house which belonged to a tailor in the17th century who grew rich by making high collars known as "pickadelles" – or sometimes "piccadillies". the tailor's name was Higgens. When he retired, Higgens built himself a grand house which he called Pickadilla Hall, and the name slightly altered, has lived on.

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Nowadays Piccadilly Circus is the place that on special occasions, such as the Coronation or on New Year's Eve, as many as 50,000 people gather there. Every day a great number of cars and buses carrying a lot of people, pass the famous central fountain, with the graceful statue of Eros, the Greek god of love, standing on the top of a column. The real shoeblack in a bright-red jacket is always polishing tourists' shoes, flower-girls are selling beautiful tulips and roses.

At night Piccadilly is flooded with light from the illuminated signs and advertisements, so that after dark everything looks as bright as in broad daylight.

Piccadilly is a fine street, stretching from Piccadilly Circus to Hyde Park Corner. It has seen much history over centuries, and although it has changed considerably, many historic landmarks remain. They include Burlington House, home of Royal Academy and other academic bodies; Apsley House, magnificent home of Duke of Wellington, presented to him by the nation in gratitude for his victory at Waterloo. Apsley House is preserved as a museum, with many relics and mementos of the Battle of Waterloo and the days of Napoleon, Apsley House was known as "No. 1, London".

70. a. Read the text about Trafalgar Square below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

b. Choose one of the underlined phrases and prepare a one minute report on it.

71. Compare the photos of Trafalgar Square below. Talk to your partner for 2 minutes commenting on the differences between them.

Trafalgar Square, 1908.

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Here's a top ten list of facts about the historical space and its surrounding shops:

-The first ever Punch and Judy show (a popular puppet show featuring Mr. Punch and his wife, Judy) was performed in Covent Garden in 1662 and was recorded by diarist Samuel Pepys, best known for his 17th century diary installments.

-In 1762 Lord Sandwich took the first ever sandwich into the Shakespeare's Head in Covent Garden - it had a meat filling.

-Covent Garden was a flower, fruit and vegetable market for over 300 years up until 1974.

-The area used to be called Convent Market and was named after a 13th century monastery.

-Goods for sale at the market used to be carried on boats going up the River Thames.

-After the Great Fire of London in 1666 the market became the most important place in the country for traders to sell their exotic and interesting items to the public.

-Covent Garden is the only area of London that has a license for street entertainment.

-The nearest tube stations apart from the Covent Garden stop on the Piccadilly line are at Charing Cross on the Northern and Bakerloo lines, Embankment and Holborn.

-The central square in the area is a flat open piazza where entertainers regularly perform apart from on Christmas day.

-There are over 60 pubs and bars in the area. The Lamb & Flag in Rose Street is believed to be the oldest pub.

Comprehension Check

75. Answer the questions.

1. When was the first performance of Punch and Judy show recorded? 2. What is Lord Sandwich famous for?

3. What was Covent Market named after?

4. When did the market turn into the most important place for traders? 5. What pub is believed to be the oldest one?

6. Why has the area become synonymous with all things typically British?

76. Find the words in the text that correspond to the following meanings

-sellers who like to make jokes and exchange amusing remarks about each other

-some place to eat

-an open area between the houses

-the food that is put inside a pie, sandwich etc

-one of the parts of a story that appears as a series of parts, especially in a magazine

-someone who writes a diary, especially one that is later sold

-being a perfect example of a particular type of person or thing

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Read the text about Covent Garden. Make sure you study the language of the texts to be competent in further exercises and discussions.

Covent Garden, a fascinating short walk away, was once pastureland belonging to the Abbey at Westminster. In the 17th century the Fourth Earl of Bedford summoned Inigo Jones and the continental style Piazza was born, complete with St. Paul’s Church and then a market which Hogarth portrayed in engravings. The area went downhill – Turkish baths and brothels thrived until, in the 19th century, Charles Fowler designed a smart new market. Fashionable Londoners now mingled with farmers, costermongers, and flower girls who inspired Pygmalion, which became the musical “My Fair Lady”.

Times change: the Flower Market is now London Transport Museum and the main buildings have been transformed into shops and restaurants in the years since the fresh produce moved to more spacious accommodation in Nine Elms, just South West of Vauxhall Bridge.

Covent Garden Opera House, home of the Royal Opera and Royal Ballet companies is actually the third theatre on the site, designed by E.M.Barry in 1858 and enlarged in the past decade. In early years moments of unintentional drama ranged from riots in 1763 when entry at half price after the third act was refused and in 1833 when the famous actor Edmunt Kean had a stroke during a performance of Othello. The present Opera House is noted for its lavish productions with the world’s finest performers.

Language Focus

77. Explain the meanings of the following words and word combinations in English and use them to speak about Covent Garden. Find the appropriate synonyms for the words.

theatreland queer

haute cuisine cultural mix a pastureland to summon to thrive

78. Write 8-10 questions about the text in pairs. Exchange your questions with another pair. Answer the questions without looking at the article again.

SOHO

79. Read the text about Soho. Make sure you study the language of the text to be competent in further exercises and discussions.

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Soho, the home of strip-tease, the cinema industry and international haute cuisine, is on the edge of theatreland, rich in history and rich in cultural mix. The name Soho probably came from an ancient hunting cry – So-Ho – in its farmland days. Among the earliest residents of this increasingly cosmopolitan heart of London was Charles II’s illegitimate son, the Duke of Monmouth. By the 19th century it must have seemed a

strange area, described by John Galsworthy in the Forsyte Saga as ‘Untidy, full of Greeks, Ismaelites, cats, Italians, tomatoes, restaurants, organs, coloured stuffs, queer names, people looking out of upper windows, it dwells remote from the British Body Politic’. Today there’s a complete China town and restaurants serve haute cuisine from scores of countries.

Berwick Street market provides the best displays of fresh fruit and vegetables, while clubs present a saucier frontage. Soho is for shopping, entertainments and browsing or dining day and night.

Comprehension Check

80. Answer the questions

London?

3.How did John Galsworthy describe this place in the "Forsyte Saga"?

4.What cuisine is served at the restaurants in Soho today?

5.What does Berwick Street market provide?

Language Focus

81. Explain the meanings of the following words and word combinations in English and use them to speak about Soho. Find the appropriate synonyms for the words.

theatreland queer

haute cuisine cultural mix

82. Translate into Ukrainian.

Haute cuisine; hunting cry; cosmopolitan heart of London; illegitimate son; saucier frontage; browse; pastureland; brothel; costermonger; lavish productions.

83. Translate into English.

Позашлюбний син; він дуже далекий від політичного життя; у ресторанах пропонують страви з різних країн світу; колись Ковент Гарден був пасовищем;

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зафіксувати на гравюрах; район погіршився; з’явились турецькі бані та дома розпусти; вхід було заборонено.

84. Fill in the prepositions where necessary. Soho

The name … this famous cosmopolitan area … London probably comes … the old hunting cry … "Tally-Ho" or "So-Ho" when Soho fields were used … hunting. It's a very old call to scare the foxes … their cover … the 13 century. But its first use as a place name was founded … 1636.

Now it is a world known restaurant centre where Londoners and visitors can taste Russian, Italian, Greek, French, Swiss food, etc. It has long been a centre … foreign restaurants delicatessen and exotic food and kitchen and it is populated … several hundred thousand foreigners who try to give each restaurant the atmosphere … their native Land.

This is also the district … cinema-producers – all the biggest film-companies have offices … Soho; … theatres – The Lyric, The Apollo, The Globe (they are small theatres but always full); … small but very good and very modern bookshops.

It is the favourite place … literary people, writers, critics; …painters, artists, cinema-stars and thousands … men and women … the film world. The district, indeed, became international.

There are several reasons … that … 1685 thousands … French protestants came … England and settled here. Then, during the French Revolution … 1793 great numbers … French came here too, among them many artistic people. These two groups formed the foundation … the Soho population. Theatres were opened, the actors and musicians liked this "foreign place" … London. Mozart composed a symphony here when he was only 8 years old. The art exhibitions were organized there. Soho … today is remarkable … its people … very different types and different colour … skin and hair. They are gesticulating, speaking loudly, laughing. Not English style at all.

85. Translate into English.

1.Можливо, це назва Сохо походить від мисливського поклику "сохо".

2.Зараз у цьому районі розташован цілий китайський квартал, а у ресторанах пропонують страви різних країн світу.

3.Сохо – це місце цілодобових розваг.

4.Недалеко від Сохо знаходиться Ковент-Гарден, де у ХIХ столітті Чарльз Фаулер задумав будівництво нового фешенебельного ринку.

5.Оперний театр Ковент-Гарден, де виступають артисти Королівської опери та балету, є третім театром, збудованим на цьому місці.

ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL

86. Read the text about St. Paul’s Cathedral. Make sure you study the language of the text to be competent in further exercises and discussions.

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St. Paul’s Cathedral, the seat of the Bishop of London and the spiritual centre of the City, is Sir Christopher Wren’s masterpiece. He supervised its building from across the river, in a house from which he could watch his magnum opus arise on a prominent position at the top of Ludgate Hill. His mammoth achievement took 35 years to create beginning soon after the Fire of London in 1666 during which the older church – ravaged by the Parliamentary army in the 1650s – was finally destroyed.

The Cathedral, a fitting setting for the marriage of Prince Charles and Princess Diana in 1981, has the grandeur of scale with a nave 180 feet long and a height of 365 feet from the floor to the top of the cross. It also has artistic sensitivity, from Grinling Gibbons’ immaculate carvings to frescoes of scenes

from the like of St. Paul painted by Sir James Thornhill on the inner dome.

The paintings can be seen from the Whispering Gallery 100 feet above floor level. St. Paul’s was the burial place of Wren, who died at the age of 91, having changed London’s skyline with some 50 exquisite churches. His tomb, one of the first in the Cathedral, is marked by a black marble slab in the crypt.

St.Paul’s is the resting place of Admiral Lord

Nelson and the Duke of Wellington. While it has witnessed sombre funeral processions, the bell called Great Tom is generally only tolled for the deaths of members of the royal family, bishops of London, deans of St. Paul’s and the Lord Mayor of London, should he or she die in office.

The old churchyard is a public garden. Remnants of the medieval cloister are visible and a memorial marks the approximate site of St. Paul’s Cross, an open air pulpit where the Pope’s condemnation of Martin Luther was proclaimed in the Presence of Cardinal Wolsey. Near here some of the Gunpowder Plot conspirators were hanged, having failed to blow up the Houses of Parliament.

In more peaceful vein in Paternoster Square is Elizabeth Frink’s 1975 sculpture of a shepherd and sheep.

Comprehension Check

87.Answer the questions

1.What’s the role of St. Paul’s Cathedral?

2.Who designed the Cathedral?

3.How did he control the process of construction?

4.Which location was used as a construction site?

5.Who was married in the Cathedral?

6.What was used to adorn St. Paul’s?

7.How many churches did Christopher Wren built?

8.What is Great Tom?

9.What can be seen nearby?

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88. Define the statements as true or false.

1.St. Paul’s Cathedral, the seat of the Bishop of London and the spiritual centre of the City, is Sir Inigo Jones’s masterpiece.

2.This mammoth achievement took 35 years to create after the Fire of London in 1667.

3.The Cathedral, a fitting setting for the marriage of Prince Charles and Princess Diana in 1981, has the grandeur of scale with a nave 180 feet long a height of 365 feet from the floor to the top of the cross.

4.Sir James Thornhill’s paintings can be seen from the Whispering Gallery 150 feet above floor level.

5.St. Paul’s was the burial place of Wren, who died at the age of 91.

6.St. Paul’s is the resting place of Admiral Lord Nelson and the Duke Wellington.

7.In Paternoster Square is Elizabeth Frink’s 1976 sculpture of a shepherd and sheep.

Language Focus

89. Explain the meaning of the following words and word combinations in English and use them to speak about St. Paul’s Cathedral.

90.Transcribe the following words to avoid possible mispronunciation and miscommunication in future.

Carving; cloister; crypt; exquisite; immaculate; magnum opus; mammoth; pulpit; remnant; scale; somber; spiritual; toll; grandeur; ravage; supervise.

91.Translate into English.

Pізьблення по дереву; дзвін; спустошення; кафедра; склеп; крита аркада; витончений; велич; бездоганний; велике творіння; наглядати; церковний; духовний; каміння; похмурий; велетенський; залишок.

92. Translate into English.

1.Кафедральний собор святого Павла є резиденцією Єпископа Лондонського та духовним центром Сіті.

2.Будівництво собору продовжувалося 35 років.

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3.Сер Кристофер Рен є архітектором собору святого Павла.

4.Будівництво собору почалося зразу після лондонської пожежі у 1666 році.

5.Собор знаменитий своїми розмірами: довжина нефа – 180 футів, а висота будівлі від підлоги до вершини хреста 365 футів.

6.У соборі святого Павла похований архітектор Рен, який помер у віці 91 року та побудував за своє життя біля 50 прекрасних церков.

7.У церкві також поховані адмирал Нельсон та герцог Велінгтонський.

8.Дзвін "Біг Том" /Великий Том/ зазвичай дзвонить тільки тоді, коли помирають у своєму офісі члени королевської родини, єпіскоп Лондонський, декан собору святого Павла, лорд-мер Лондону.

93. Render in English.

Визначні місця Лондона

Лондон відомий своїми визначними місцями.

Букінгемський палац – це лондонський дім королівської сім'ї. Сюди приїжджають туристи з усього світу, щоб побачити зміну караулу. Щодня охоронець – один із тридцяти інших – крокує до палацу, щоб змінити іншого вартового.

Лондонський Тауер – одна з найстаріших будівель Лондона. Тауер був побудований понад 900 років тому, щоб охороняти міст, який веде до міста. Багато королів жили тут до 17 століття, коли Тауер став в'язницею. Біфітери охороняють Тауер і проводять відвідувачів. Їхній одяг такий самий, як і в охоронців Тауеру 1500 року.

Поряд із Тауером знаходиться Тауерський міст – один із багатьох мостів через Темзу. Міст може розкриватися посередині й пропускати великі кораблі.

Колись Лондон був великим портом, куди приходили кораблі з усього світу. На пристані святої Катерини було багато кораблів, що привозили вовну, чай, спеції, тютюн, гуму, цукор, каву. Але тепер більшість кораблів знаходиться за межами Лондона в морі біля гирла Темзи. На пристані святої Катерини залишилися тільки історичні кораблі й прогулянкові човни. Нижче по річці – Гринвіч, а поруч з Королівським Морським Коледжем – «Каті Сарк». Сто літ тому цим судном доставляли чай з Китаю. Ще нижче на річці знаходиться гребля через Темзу. Її було побудовано, щоб річка не затопляла Лондон. Коли прилив стає надто високим, з дна річки піднімаються шлюзи, що запобігає затопленню міста.

Угору по річці ми потрапляємо в Сіті – комерційний центр Лондона. Найвища будівля Сіті – це банк. У Сіті розмістили свої головні офіси сотні банків і компаній. А в центрі Сіті знаходиться собор святого Павла. Його було побудовано більше трьохсот років тому сером Кристофером Реном після великої пожежі в Лондоні 1666 року. Будівництво розпочалося в 1675 році й тривало 35 років. А в 1984 році саме тут одружилися принц Чарльз і принцеса Діана.

У Вестмінстері розташовано Будинок парламенту й Вестмінстерське абатство. У будинку парламенту міститься палата громад із 650 членами й

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