Англ(2курс, 2 семестр)
.pdf38. Define the statements as true or false.
1.Buckingham Palace, facing Trafalgar Square and white marble and gilded Queen Victoria Memorial, flies the royal standard when The Queen is in residence.
2.Her brother, King George IV insisted that the architect for his stately new home must be Christopher Wren.
3.When Queen Victoria came to the throne a few years later in 1837 Buckingham Palace was hardly habitable.
4.Today The Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh have private suites in the South Wing, overlooking Green Park.
5.Buckingham Palace is a working setting for the monarchy.
6.From Buckingham Palace the Queen leaves on ceremonial duties such as the Ceremony of the Keys and Trooping the Colour.
7.The Queen's Gallery, built on part of the site where the Clock Tower stood, before it was bombed during the war, houses changing exhibitions taken from the Royal Collections
Language focus
39. Explain the meaning of the following words and word combinations in English and use them to speak about Buckingham Palace. Find the appropriate synonyms for the words.
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sumptuous |
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assail |
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horrendous |
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musty |
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stately |
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a subject |
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trappings |
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gilded |
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pervade |
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suite |
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habitable |
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breathtaking |
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standard |
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ambassador |
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ancestor |
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mew |
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extravagant |
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credentials |
40. Translate into Ukrainian.
Gilded; the royal standard; horrendous; extravagances; veined Carrara marble; to be hardly habitable; sumptuous apartments; to be pervaded by a curious, musty smell; assail smb; portal; private suite; to overlook; to be a working setting for the monarchy; to present credentials; trappings; breathtaking; to run the houshold; carriages; to organize banquets; the Royal Mews.
41. Translate into English.
Величний новий дім; водоспад та жива природа; державна карета; особисті апартаменти; королівські стайні; розкішна державна карета; нескінчені коридори; звідси починаються королівські церемонії; ціна неймовірно зросла аж до 700 000 фунтів; включати надмірності; мармурові блоки із Карари з прожилками; отримувати нагороди; робочий кабінет; церемоніальні обов’язки;
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головний вхід; збруя попона; вірчі грамоти; дивний затхлий запах; нападати(про запах); не бути стривоженим гелікоптером; бути залученим до виконання завдань; бути відкритим для оглядових екскурсій; церемонія виносу Державного Прапора; Королівські стайні.
42. Spelling checker. Complete the words with the missing letters.
Ban_uet, bobb_es, ins_ription, a_qu_red, h_yday, bre_house, tre_s_ry, inc_mbent, e_ecuted, com_onw_lth, hab_t_ble, horr_ndo_s, bre_t_taking, su_te, m_sty, ass_il, stat_ly.
43. Think of a match on the left to the appropriate definition on the right.
1. a. spending or costing a lot of money, especially more than is necessary or more than you can afford
2. b. be present in every part of smth
3. c. a flag used in ceremonies
4. d. a set of rooms, especially expensive ones in a hotel
5. e. someone's education, achievements, experience etc that prove they have the ability to do something
6. f. frightening and terrible
7. g. a member of your family who lived a long time ago 8. h. very impressive and expensive
9. i. a small street or area surrounded by buildings in a city, where horses used to be kept, but where people now live
10. j. an important official who represents his or her government in a foreign country
11. k. good enough for people to live in
44. Translate into English.
1.Букінгемський палац розташований напроти білого мурмурового з позолотою пам'ятника королеві Вікторії та вулиці Пел-мел.
2.Король Георг IV настояв, щоб палац було збудовано за проектом архітектора Джона Неша.
3.У 1837 році, коли королева Вікторія сіла на престол, у палаці практично неможливо було жити.
4.Король Едуард VII народився у цьому палаці у 1841 році і в ньому ж й помер у 1910 році.
5.Апартаменти королеви та герцога Единбургського зараз знаходяться у північному крилі палацу та виходять вікнами на парк.
6.Букінгемський палац – робочий кабінет монархії.
7.У палаці влаштовуються банкети на честь глав уряду, послів та відбуваються церемонії нагородження.
8.У королівській галереї проводяться виставки з королевської колекцій.
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9. Королівські стайні з конями, розкішною каретою, розписаною італійським художником Чипріані, сучасними екіпажами та автомобілями також відкриті для публіки.
45. Think of the appropriate word combinations to the words given below.
1. to fly |
9. private |
2. to grant a lease |
10. to come |
3. memorial |
11. veined |
4. to offer |
12. to grant |
5. gilded |
13. musty |
6. to host |
14. Royal |
7. to run |
15. open |
8. attended |
16. a graduate of |
46.Close the book and try to remember as many facts from the text as you can. Speak by turns with your partner.
47.Translate the text into English.
Букінгемський палац
Початково Букінгемський палац був відомий як будинок Букінгема, зведений для герцога Букінгемського в 1703 році.
У1762 році його було придбано королем Георгом III для його приватної резиденції, адже Сент-Джеймський палац перестав влаштовувати його через розміри і зовнішній вигляд. Упродовж наступних 75 років архітектори Джон Неш та Едвард Блор прибудували три флігелі довкола
центрального корпусу будівлі палацу. Вартість будівництва сягнула 700 000 фунтів — астрономічної в ті часи суми — за рахунок використання таких розкошів, як 500 блоків каррарського, найдорожчого з прожилками, мармуру.
Головною резиденцією британських королів Букінгемський палац було офіційно оголошено за три роки після зведення — у 1837 році під час вступу на
престол королеви Вікторії в 1837 році. Са́ме за її правління зроблені останні великі доповнення до зовнішнього вигляду палацу і прилеглої території — зокрема, прибудова ще одного флігеля і перенесення колишньої парадної брами Мармурової Арки (Marble Arch) на її теперішнє місце знаходження в Ораторському закутку в Гайд-парку.
УБукінгемському палаці в 1841 році народився британський король Едуард VII і тут же помер у 1910 році.
За правління Єлизавети ІІ, у теперішній час, на два теплих місяці року (серпень і вересень) вона покидає Букінгемський палац. Саме в цей час парадні покої відкривають для відвідування охочими — за цей період палац відвідують близько 30 000 гостей (дані сер. 2000-х років).
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Зараз у палаці містяться басейн, кінотеатр і своє власне поштове відділення. У теперішній час палац налічує близько 600 кімнат. Тут міститься дуже велика картинна галерея з роботами Рембрандта, Рубенса та інших визнаних світових майстрів образотворчого, монументального і декоративного мистецтва. У Букінгемському палаці також значна колекція севрської порцеляни, антикварні французькі та англійські меблі.
За загальним правилом, лише під час перебування британської королеви в палаці, на даху гордо майоріє королівський штандарт Юніон Джек.
Напевно, найвідоміша традиція, яка стала своєрідною візитівкою Лондона і приваблює сотні туристів щодня, пов'язана з охороною палаца — придворним дівізіоном, що складається з полку гвардійської піхоти і Королівського конногвардійського полку — щодня об 11:30 від квітня до серпня відбувається зміна караулу (в решту днів року церемонія відбувається через день), яка являє яскраве дійство з чітко виписаним сценарієм.
Speaking
48. a. Work in pairs. Student A interviews B to write an essay on Buckingham Palace. Using the appropriate prompts given below, student B gives answers to A’s questions.
b. Student B interviews A to write an essay on Whitehall. Using the appropriate prompts given below, student A gives answers to B’s questions.
a graduate of Harvard University |
sumptuous apartments |
annual memorial services |
the First Lord of the Treasury |
attended by the sovereign |
the Royal Mews |
ballroom block |
to chain oneself to the railings |
cascading water |
to come to the throne |
ceremonial duties |
to fly the royal standards |
Cromwell’s commonwealth |
to grant a knighthood |
open to the public |
to grant a lease on the land |
prevailed by a musty smell |
to host a dinner with smb |
private suits |
to offer as a gift |
royal treasures |
to run the household |
setting for state processions |
veined Carrara marble |
stately rooms |
wild life |
subject to receive awards |
working setting |
WESTMINSTER ABBEY
49.Discuss these questions with your partner:
Have you ever heard the name “Westminster Abbey”?
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What kind of place is it?
What is it famous for?
50.There are at least 10 reasons to visit Westminster Abbey. Look them through and choose the most attractive one for you. Explain your choice.
Westminster Abbey is famous for its royal spectaculars and soaring Gothic architecture, but there are many largely unknown – and sometimes rather strange – reasons for visiting the Abbey.
1.Very appealing
You can often hear the ringing of its bells well before you reach the Abbey. There are
two Elizabethan bells to call worshippers to services and 10 modern bells for change ringing. A special royal or national event is celebrated by the remarkable full peal. At least 5,000 sequences are rung without a break. This marathon takes over three hours and is all done from memory.
2. Wax and wood
The Abbey museum holds the unexpected sight of the lifelike figures of many monarchs, some in full costume. The effigies used to be displayed on top of the royal tombs and were often paraded at the funerals. Some were created from death masks. Coming face-to-face with these realistic figures can be an unnerving experience.
3. Abundance of tombs
The royal tombs and Poets’ Corner are well known, but did you know that there are 450 tombs and monuments in Westminster Abbey? For several hundred years anyone who could afford the fees could be buried in the Abbey, and then came the gradual change to public figures. The tombs of the not-so-famous can be just as fascinating as those of the celebrated. Look for the skeleton emerging from Lady Nightingale’s tomb – it’s a grisly vision of death.
4. Chapel in the wall
The five-foot Chapel of our Lady of the Pew is hollowed out of the thickness of the north wall of the Abbey. This tiny space was dedicated to the Virgin Mary in the 1300s and it was said that Richard II prayed here before riding out to confront Wat Tyler and the Peasants’ Revolt. The Pew means a small enclosure and it’s standing room only.
5. Cromwell’s cranium
A stone in the pavement of the Lady Chapel of Henry VII records The Burial Place of Oliver Cromwell 1658–1661. But in 1661 the monarchy was restored and the body of the Lord Protector was thrown out of the Abbey. It was dragged to Tyburn Gallows and hung on the anniversary of the execution of Charles I. Cromwell’s head was stuck on a pole outside Westminster Hall, where for many years it was a chilling reminder of the English Civil War.
6. Glorious gardens
When you sit in the lovely College Garden by the Abbey it is almost impossible to believe you are in the heart of the hubbub of Westminster. It is said to be the oldest garden in England and originally grew food and medicinal herbs for the monks.
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7. England’s oldest door
An oak door by the Chapter House was recently dated to about 1050 AD. Pieces of hide were noticed on the door in the 1800s and a legend grew that this was the flayed skin of a thief nailed to the door as a warning. But investigations showed that it is in fact cowhide, fixed to the door as a smooth base for decoration.
8. End of the world…
The sanctuary of the Abbey is covered by a Cosmati pavement, made up of thousands of cut pieces of mosaic and porphyry. Its brass lettering now just tells us its date (1268), the king (Henry III), and where it came from (Rome). But lost lettering helped explain a symbolic meaning which calculated how long the universe would last – 19,683 years.
9. Bearded woman
St Wilgeforte was a favourite of women who wanted to get rid of abusive husbands. The saint was said to have grown a beard after praying to be made repulsive to escape a forced marriage. Her statue is of one of the many sculptures of saints and angels in the Lady Chapel of Henry VII.
10. Grand graffiti
Since 1308 nearly every monarch has been crowned on the famous Coronation Chair. But, up close, you will notice that is that it is covered in graffiti – the work of schoolboys and other visitors in the 1700s and 1800s.
51. Explain the meaning of the following words and word combinations.
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graffiti |
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a cranium |
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a sanctuary |
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to hollow out |
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a forced marriage |
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an unnerving experience |
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to nail |
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a spectacular |
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hubbub |
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soaring architecture |
an execution
52.Translate into English.
Скликати віруючих, виставляти напоказ, містити в собі, портрет(зображення), неприємний досвід, лавка для сидіння, жахливий образ смерті, страта, неприємне нагадування, галас(шум), волова шкіра, святилище, мідне тиснення, улюблениця, відразливий.
53. Read the text and be ready to discuss it. Study the new vocabulary to do the following tasks and exercises. Make up the most suitable heading for each part of the text. Translate the text into Ukrainian.
1.
The wonders of Westminster Abbey owe much to a succession of kings and queens beginning with Edward the Confessor, a saintly man who came to the throne in 1040. Sadly the church he built on the site was consecrated on December 28, 1065 when he was too weak to attend. He died eight days later. The next year a new king,
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William the Conqueror was crowned there on Christmas Day setting a precedent which continues. Westminster Abbey has been the setting for every monarch’s coronation and, since 1308 they have used the Coronation Chair designed to hold the ancient Stone of Scone seized from the Scots in 1296. It was stolen by some Scots in 1950 but replaced the following year.
2.
Henry III added a Lady Chapel in 1220 and began rebuilding the old Abbey – a process which lasted some 300 years to create most of the building we know today – though the West Towers were not finished until 1745.
3.
The Abbey presents a pageant of noble, military, political and artistic history. It has the graves of kings and queens, of poets /Chaucer was the first to be buried, in 1400, in Poets’ Corner/, politicians and churchmen. Sir Winston Churchill is remembered with a marble slab placed near the tomb of the Unknown Soldier.
4.
Elizabeth I is buried in the same vault as her halfsister, Mary, and is portrayed in a white marble effigy. She lies in the north aisle of the Henry VII chapel, under its spectacular vaulted roof. Among recent additions is the Royal Air Force Chapel with memorial window, while the founder is remembered in the Chapel of Edward the Confessor. 5.
Westminster Abbey, under the jurisdiction of a Dean and Chapter, is subject only to the Sovereign. It has its own choir and choir school and adjoining the cloisters is Westminster School, founded by Queen Elizabeth I.
Comprehension Check
54. Answer the questions.
1.Who came to the throne in 1040?
2.When was the church consecrated?
3.Who was crowned in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day in 1066?
4.In which way was the Coronation Chair designed?
5.When was the Chair stolen?
6.Who added a Lady Chapel in 1220 and began rebuilding the old Abbey?
7.What does the Abbey present?
8.Where is Elizabeth I buried?
Language Focus
55. Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases to your partner then use them to speak about Westminster Abbey.
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to owe |
|
vaulted roof |
to set a precedent |
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to be consecrated |
|
|
half-sister |
|
a slab |
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succession |
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cloister |
pageant
56.Translate into Ukrainian.
Succession; be consecrated; set a precedent; seize; present a pageant of noble, military, political and artistic history; be remembered with a marble slab; vault; be potrayed in a white marble effigy; cloister.
57. Translate into English.
Красоти Вестмінстерського абатства; сісти на престол; освячувати церкву; коронація Вільгельма Завойовника послужила прецедентом, який триває досі; поховати під одним склепінням; північний неф; імпозантний склепистий дах; яскрава картина дворянської, воєнної, політичної історії та мистецтва Англії.
58. Translate into English.
1.Вестмінстерське Абатство було збудовано Едуардом Сповідником у 1040 році.
2.Освячення церкви відбулося у 1065 році.
3.В музеї при Абатстві зберігаються фігури багатьох монархів, а також їхні портрети, які часто демонструвалися під час поховання.
4.Знаменні події національного характеру супроводжуються гучним дзвоном, який триває близько трьох годин без перерви.
5.На території Абатства впродовж декількох століть ховали не лише відомих особистостей, але й звичайних громадян, які могли сплатити за це певну суму грошей.
6.У 1220 році Генріх III збудував каплицю Божої Матері та почав перебудову старого Абатства, яка тривала 300 років.
PICCADILLY TO TRAFALGAR SQUARE
59. Read the text and be ready to discuss it. Study the new vocabulary to do the following tasks and exercises. Translate the text into
Ukrainian.
Piccadilly Circus was formed in 1819 at the intersection of Piccadilly and the fashionable Regent Street, whose gracious curve was modernised with new facades 60 years ago. Here is the Cafe Royal, a haunt of literary figures and artists earlier this century. The Circus – a meeting point favoured by Londoners – has been the subject of numerous planning schemes and remains in the throes of change. Eros, the winged figure of an archer with his bow, is taking up a
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new position after restoration. The aluminium sculpture is properly titled the Shaftesbury Memorial, having been wrought by Sir Alfred Gilbert in 1892-3 as a tribute to the Earl of Shaftesbury, a Victorian Philanthropist.
In Trafalgar Square, Nelson stands atop his 145 foot high monument. The legendary admiral, victor of the Battle of Trafalgar 1805, and here poised on a classical column, is guarded by a quartet of lions modelled by Sir Edwin Landseer and cast by Marocchetti in 1867. Four bronze reliefs near the base are cast from French cannon captured at the naval battles they illustrate.
Trafalgar Square, with the National Gallery on the North Side and Whitehall to the South, is frequented as much by pigeons as by people. A Christmas tree is sent as a gift each year from Norway and on New Year's Eve crowds gather around the tree and the lions to herald in the New Year.
Comprehension Check
60. Answer the questions.
1.When and where was Piccadilly Circus formed?
2.What position is Eros taking up after restoration?
3.What is the height of the monument?
4.Who were the lions modelled by?
5.What do four reliefs illustrate?
6.Which places are the most frequented? Why?
Language focus
61. Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases to your partner then use them to speak about Piccadilly and Trafalgar Square.
•an intersection
•to capture
•throes of change
•a curve
•to be frequented
•an arch
•wrought
•to poise on
•a tribute
•a haunt
•to herald
62. Translate into Ukrainian.
Intersection; gracious curve; remain in the throes of change; archer; stand atop; poise on a classical column; cast; naval battles; herald; a facade; a meeting point; to favour; a winged figure; to take up a new position; to be wrought; a bronze relief.
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63. Scan the information about Admiral Nelson and get ready to explain why the square was titled after the admiral. The questions below may concentrate your attention on the important points.
Trafalgar Square
This famous square is so named of honour Britain's great victory of the combined French and Spanish fleets at cape Trafalgar on the coast of Spain in 1805 in the Napoleonic war. The national hero of this battle was Lord Horatio Nelson, admiral of the British fleet. A column 185 foot high with a 17 foot statue of Nelson a top was erected in1843. The bronze reliefs are on sides of the pedestal: the battle on the Nile in1798 /North/; Nelson's death at Trafalgar in 1805 /South/; the battle in Copenhagen in 1801 /East/; the battle at Cape St.Vincent in 1797 /West/.
Admiral Nelson lost an eye in one battle, an arm – in another, a leg – in the third, and his life at Trafalgar. His laconic command "England expects every man to do his duty" is carved on the granite of the southern side of the pedestal.
The four lions by Landseer /English painter and sculptor, 1802 –1873/ were added in 1867. When the sculptures were unveiled a hundred years ago, they were described as being badly modelled, badly cast and like cats. The only consolation was that they could not last more than a few years. But, a hundred years later, the lions are still there.
Comprehension Check
64. Answer the questions.
1.Was admiral Nelson a brave and patriotic person?
2.What are his famous words?
3.How did the country honour his heroism?
Language Focus
65. Translate into English.
Hа перехресті вулиць; найулюбленіше місце літераторів та художників; улюблене місце зустрічі лондонців; знаходитися у процесі реконструкції; бути створеним сером Альфредом Джильбертом на честь графа Шафтсбері; скульптура з алюмінію; віддати комусь належне; легендарний адмірал; триматися балансувати на класичній колоні; виливати (про скульптуру); ілюструвати; захопити гармату; повідомляти, оповіщати; часто відвідувати.
66. Match the columns to form collocations.
1. gracious |
a.spot |
2. the subject of numerous |
b. change |
3. throes of |
c. battles |
4. a properly |
d. daylight |
5. a quartet |
e. Curve |
6. naval |
f. titled |
7. the bussiest |
g.landmarks |
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