- •Contents
- •Unit 1. Bridges Classification.
- •Indication №1—by the main road function.
- •Indication №2 - by the superstructure material.
- •Indication № 3 – by a structural model.
- •2) Match the opposite adjectives:
- •3) Complete the sentences:
- •4) Change the sentences from Active into Passive Voice:
- •Unit 2. Bridge or Tunnel.
- •1) Find the equivalents:
- •2) Choose the best variant:
- •3) Find the opposites to the words:
- •4) Are the sentences True or False? Correct the wrong ones:
- •Unit 3. Reinforced Concrete Bridges.
- •1) Find the equivalents:
- •2) Choose the right answer:
- •3) Divide the words into pairs:
- •4) Fill in the blanks:
- •Unit 4. Beam bridge.
- •1) Decide whether the following statements are true or false according to the text:
- •2) List advantages and disadvantages for the beam construction used. Divide them into two columns:
- •1) Find the equivalents:
- •2) Match the synonyms:
- •Unit 1. Advertising.
- •1) Read and guess the meaning:
- •1) Match the verbs in column.
- •2) Match the types “the office joker”, ”the lazy worker”, ”the gossip” :
- •4) Find out four main office types in the text and describe them in details.
- •1) Look at the examples of the present perfect and past simple. Translate the sentences.
- •2) Complete the sentences.
- •3) Choose the correct words:
- •4) Choose the correct time preposition:
- •Unit 4. Success. Passion into profit.
- •1) Which location is best for each of the business activities 1-5? Choose from the list a-e.
- •2) Match the definitions 1-6 with a phrase combining a word from a and a word from b.
- •3) Guess what the definitions mean:
- •4) Use a collocation from exercise 2 to complete the sentences.
- •Unit 5. Image.
- •1) Match the words and phrases 1-6 with the meanings a-f.
- •2) Now complete the text below using the words and phrases from exercise 1.
- •3) Complete the dialogues with the phrases.
- •4) Complete the sentences with preposition:
- •Unit 6. Etiquette. Bad manners at work.
- •4) Complete the text with these words.
- •Unit 7. Data. No Privacy
- •1) Complete the dialogue with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
- •2) Decide if the sentences below contain mistakes. Change the form of the verb where necessary.
- •1) Match the English and Russian equivalents. Make up the sentences with these words and word combinations:
- •2) Complete the sentences:
- •3) Complete the sentences using Present Perfect Active:
- •4) Complete the sentences using Present Perfect Passive:
- •Unit 2. Health and safety.
- •1) Match the Russian and English equivalents. Make up the sentences with these words and word combinations:
- •2) Is it True or False?
- •4) Form the adjectives using the suffixes: -ous, -ful,-able,-ant,-less, -ive and find the suitable nouns. Translate the phrases.
- •Unit 3. Civil construction.
- •2) Combine and translate combinations:
- •3) Complete the sentences:
- •4) Study the examples and form the comparative and superlative degrees of adjectives, find them in the text. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Unit 4. The building team.
- •1) Match the Russian and English equivalents. Make up the sentences with these words and word combinations:
- •5) Complete the sentences according to the text:
- •Unit 5. Construction materials.
- •1) Which of the properties of construction materials may be classified as advantageous? Disadvantageous?
- •2) Translate the following sentences. Mind the Complex Subject.
- •3) Give the English equivalents of the Russian words.
- •Unit 6. Building stones.
- •1) Decide whether the statements are true or false:
- •1) Decide whether the following statements are true or false:
- •1) Decide whether the following statements are true or false:
- •1) Match the English and Russian equivalents. Make up the sentences with these words and word combinations:
- •1) Match the Russian and English equivalents. Make up the sentences with these words and word combinations:
- •2) Read the definitions and write the suitable word:
- •3) Choose ing- form or infinitive after the verbs:
- •4) Translate the following sentences using the appropriate pronouns:
- •Unit 3. What is a computer?
- •1) Match the Russian and English equivalents. Make up the sentences with these words and word combinations:
- •2) Read the definitions and write the suitable word:
- •3) Fill in the prepositions:
- •4) Are the sentences true or false? Correct the sentences:
- •Unit 4. What is inside a pc system?
- •2) Read the definitions and write the suitable word:
- •3) Remember the meanings of modal verbs have to, must, should, need, may and fill in the gaps:
- •4) Translate from Russian into English using the modal verbs and infinitives:
- •Unit 5. Computer languages.
- •1) Match the Russian and English equivalents. Make up the sentences with these words and word combinations:
- •2) Read the definitions and write the suitable word:
- •4) Do you know the following abbreviations and acronyms? Decipher and translate them into Russian:
- •English in Highway Engineering. Unit 1. Problematic Passion of having a car.
- •1) Find the equivalents:
- •2) Complete the sentences choosing the proper variant.
- •3) Open the brackets:
- •Unit 2. How Traffic Problems Can Be Solved
- •1) Find the equivalents:
- •2) Translate:
- •3) Complete the sentences choosing the proper variant:
- •4) Translate using modal verbs:
- •Unit 3. Hurricane landfall site protection.
- •1) Find the equivalents:
- •1) Find the equivalents:
- •2) Translate:
- •3) Complete the sentences choosing the proper variant:
- •4) Rewrite the sentences from Active into Passive voice:
- •Unit 5. Road surface
- •1) Find the equivalents:
- •1) Find a word with opposite meaning.
- •1) Look at the words from the text and say what parts of speech they are.
- •2) Find in the text English equivalents to these Russian phrases.
- •3) Put the words in the correct order to make up sentences.
- •Unit 3. What is land cadastre.
- •1) Find in the text the synonyms of the following words.
- •2) Give Russian equivalents to English phrases.
- •3) Finish next sentences using the words.
- •4) Put the sentences from the text in the right order.
- •Unit 4. Role of the Government in Land Cadastre.
- •1) Translate some international words.
- •2) Find out the statements that are true. If the statement false, correct it.
- •3) Make up the comparative and superlative forms of the following adjectives.
- •4) Fill in the gaps with suitable model verbs should, can or must.
- •Unit 5. Problem of Automating Land Records.
- •1) Match a line in a with the line in b to complete a sentence
- •2) Decide if the sentences are true (t) or false (f).
- •3) Fill in each gap with a suitable word: render, integration, spatial, flexible, utility.
- •4) In the following sentences choose the right variant.
- •English in Quality Management. Unit 1. Occupation or Profession?
- •1) Wоrk with a partner. Maкe up a dialogue about the main idea of the text.
- •2) Translate and discuss.
- •3) Change the singular forms of the nouns into plural form. Is it possible to do in every sentence? Name the uncountable nouns.
- •4) Write a list of activities leading to a quality management in your future job. Mind the material of the text.
- •Unit 2. Getting the right staff.
- •1) Subdivide the text into parts. What part of the text answers the question: When are you lucky enough not to through away your advantage by employing the wrong person?
- •2) Underline the job mentioned in the text. Remember some other professions.
- •3) Tick the correct utterance:
- •4) Fill in the gaps with prepositions:
- •Unit 3. Forecasting
- •1) Define the main idea of the text. (1, 2, 3).
- •2) Are the sentences true or false?
- •3) Tick the correct sentence.
- •4) Find the sentences with Complex Object and translate them:
- •Unit 4.Optical Instruments
- •1) Match the words on the left with their meanings on the right.
- •2) Translate the sentences paying attention at the function of “it”:
- •3) What utterance is true: 1, 2, 3?
- •4) What sentence is correct:
- •Unit 5. Reinforced -Concrete Productiоn
- •1) Give equivalents to:
- •1) Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •2) Word formation. Translate the words into Russian and fill in the gaps with the proper word:
- •3) Use the or no article with the geographical names:
- •4) Discussion Corner.
- •Unit 2. Houston opens second light rail line
- •1) Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •2) Read the text again and say if these statements true (t) or false (f):
- •3) Fill in the gaps with the proper preposition using the text:
- •4) Fill in: will or be going to
- •5) Discussion Corner.
- •Unit 3.Railway stations
- •1) Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •1) Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •2) Word formation. Form the adjectives from the given words using these suffixes: -ic, -al, -ous, -less, -ive:
- •3) Relative clauses. Fill in the gaps in the sentences with which, who, where, when, whose:
- •4) Discussion Corner.
- •Unit 5. Double-deck train concept
- •1) Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •2) Read the text again and say if these statements true (t) or false (f):
- •3) Match different means of transport with their definition.
- •4) Modal verbs. Use can/can`t, must/mustn`t, have/don`t have to, should/shouldn`t, may or needn`t only once in the proper situation:
- •5) Discussion Corner.
- •English in railway maintenance. Unit 1. Earth track solutions – rails sleeper replacement, track maintenance and construction.
- •1) Find English equivalents to the Russian phrases in the text above:
- •1) Find English equivalents to the Russian phrases in the text above:
- •3) Put the words in the correct order to complete the sentence.
- •4) Complete the endings of the sentences from the text above:
- •Unit 4. Sperry Rail - rail flaw detection systems.
- •1) Find English equivalents to the Russian phrases in the text above:
- •1) Find English equivalents to the Russian phrases in the text above:
- •2) Match the words to their meanings:
- •3) Put the words in the correct order to complete the sentence:
- •4) Complete the endings of the sentences from the text above:
- •English in Tunnel Engineering. Unit 1. Tunnels.
- •1) Read the text again. Match headings a-g with paragraphs 1-7 of the text.
- •2) Match the given words with their definitions:
- •3) Give the Russian equivalents to the following English words and combinations.
- •4) Give the English equivalents to the following Russian words and combinations.
- •Unit 2. History of Tunneling.
- •1) Mach the given words with their definitions:
- •2) Give the Russian equivalents to the following English words and combinations.
- •3) Match the English equivalents to the following Russian words and combinations.
- •4) Translate the sentences below from Russian into English in writing.
- •Unit 3. The Channel Tunnel.
- •2) Give the Russian equivalents to the following English words and combinations.
- •3) Match the English equivalents to the following Russian words and combinations.
- •4) Put the given verbs into the correct tense forms. Pay attention on time words.
- •5) Translate the sentences below from Russian into English in writing.
- •Unit 4. Tunnel Jobs.
- •Exercises:
- •1) Work on lexis. Choose the word combinations from a. And b.
- •2) Read the text again. How many specialists are engaged in the tunnel construction process? What are their responsibilities at work? a. Match the jobs with the duties in the box.
- •B. Work in pairs. Ask and answer.
- •Vocabulary.
- •1. Put the phrases according to the suitable heading related to the Method of tunneling:
- •2) Give the Russian equivalents to the following English words and combinations.
- •3) Match the English equivalents to the following Russian words and combinations.
- •4) Read the text and put the verbs in the correct forms. Translate in writing.
- •Unit 6. Design and Construction methods.
- •1) Give the Russian equivalents to the following English words and combinations.
- •2) Mach the given words with their definitions:
- •3) Match the English equivalents to the following Russian words and combinations.
- •4) Insert appropriate verb:
- •5) Fill to in the blank with the suitable preposition:
1) Find the equivalents:
класть дорогу, проезжая часть, внешний склон, асфальт, требуемый уровень, дорожное полотно, котлован
2) Translate:
right-of-way, a carriageway, road shoulders, inner and outer slopes, road surface, reinforce, embankment, side ditch, roadbed
3) Complete the sentences choosing the proper variant:
a) To lay the carriageway at the required level above the ground surface
b) stone aggregates form the pavement
c) shoulders are separated from the neighboring land by slopes
d)a formation or roadbed is constructed.
4) Rewrite the sentences from Active into Passive voice:
They lay down road surface in order to sustain traffic. 2) In the past, they used gravel road surfaces and granite sets. 3) They replaced these surfaces by asphalt or concrete. 4) The leaking oils from the vehicles don't damage roads. 5) But heavy rain and other extreme weather conditions damage the asphalt road. 6) Melting asphalt produces lots of harmful green house gases.
References:Аудиторные тексты для чтения. Дорожное строительство. Английский язык. Контрольные задания. : учеб.-А647 метод. пособие / Л.В. Лукина,Л.Н. Крячко, О.Ф. Нестерова, Н.В.Сидорова; Воронеж. гос. арх.-строит. ун.-т. –Воронеж–c.128
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Unit 5. Road surface
Vocabulary
abundantly - повсеместно
asphalt - асфальт
available - доступный
concrete - бетон
damage - разрушать
drain through - просачиваться
durable - долговечный
foot traffic — пешеходное движение
frequent - частый
granite - гранит
gravel - гравий
green house - парниковый
harmful - вредный
increase - увеличивать
infiltration - проникновение
layer - слой
leaking oil — утечка масла
limestone - известняк
melting - плавящийся
moreover — помимо того
paving method — метод мощения
permeable — проникающий
porous - пористый
recyclable - пригодный для переработки
reduce - уменьшать
repair - ремонт
replace - заменять
require - требовать
runoff - сток
sand - песок
service life — срок службы
site — строительная площадка
slab - блок
slide - скользить
slip - поскользнуться
surface - поверхность
sustain - выдерживать
traction — сцепление с дорогой
underlay (with) — залегать под
vehicular traffic — движение автотранспорта
walkway - тротуар
weather conditions — погодные условия
Road surface is the durable surface material laid down in order to sustain vehicular or foot traffic, such as a road or walkway.
In the past, gravel road surfaces and granite setts were used. These surfaces were replaced by asphalt or concrete.
Concrete roads have a long service life. Concrete road do not require frequent repair. Concrete roads are not damaged by the leaking oils from the vehicles or by the extreme weather conditions. It is produced from abundantly available limestone.
But vehicles tend to slip or slide on concrete road due to rain and snow. The paving cost of the concrete road is little higher than asphalt paving. In case the concrete road breaks, the whole concrete slab is replaced.
Asphalt roads provide better traction and help to keep roads free from ice and snow. Asphalt is a recyclable material. Moreover, it takes less time to build an asphalt road than a concrete road.
But heavy rain and other extreme weather conditions damage the asphalt road, and the roads need to be repaired frequently. Melting asphalt produces lots of harmful greenhouse gases. Also costly petroleum is required to produce asphalt.
Today, permeable paving methods are used for low-impact roadways and walkways. There are many options for permeable pavement materials.
Two alternatives to traditional asphalt pavement that are used on sites to reduce runoff and increase infiltration are porous pavement and modular block pavement.
Porous pavement is a 2-4 inch covering of permeable asphalt over layers of stone, gravel, and filter fabric that lets storm water drain through the surface and into the subsoil.
Modular block pavement consists of perforated concrete slab units underlain with gravel. The surface perforations are filled with coarse sand.
Answer the questions to the text:
What materials are used for road surface?
What are the advantages of concrete?
What are the advantages of asphalt?
What are the disadvantages of concrete?
What are the disadvantages of asphalt?
What does permeable paving method mean?
Exercises: