- •1.Лексический модуль
- •2.Грамматический модуль
- •3. Тесты
- •Working with words
- •Working with word combinations and sentences
- •8. Rewrite these scrambled sentences putting the words in
- •9. Translate from Russian into English.
- •Working with texts
- •10. Read and translate the text.
- •Systematics
- •Light from Life
- •14. Text for translation into English. Text 4 Система живого мира
- •Speaking and writing
- •15.Make a report about any plant or animal, giving its classification.
- •16.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1. Word building.
- •2. Make word combinations using the following words.
- •3. Match a word in a to its definition in b.
- •4. Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •5. Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •6. Match the beginnings and the endings of the sentences.
- •7. Read and translate the text.
- •8. Match a title to the paragraph.
- •9. Answer the questions to Text 1.
- •10. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •11. Text for translation into English.
- •12.Make a report about any bacterium you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention
- •13.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1.Word building.
- •2.Match a word in a to its definition in b.
- •3.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •4.Translate these word combinations.
- •5.Find out the difference between synonyms and write sentences, illustrating it.
- •7.Translate from Russian into English.
- •8. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Match a title to the paragraph.
- •10. Using information from the text,
- •11. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •12. Text for translation into English.
- •13. Make a report about any amphibian you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention amphibian`s
- •14.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150 -250 words).
- •1.Write antonyms for the following words.
- •2.Write synonyms for the following words.
- •3.Match a word in a to its definition in b.
- •4.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •5.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •6.Match the beginnings and endings of the sentences.
- •7. Read and translate the text.
- •Insects
- •8.Look at the picture and, using information from Text1, label parts of the insect.
- •9. Match a title to the paragraph.
- •10. Answer the questions to Text 1.
- •11. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •12. Text for translation into English.
- •13.Make a report about any insect you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention insect`s
- •14.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find additional information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1.Look at the picture and label parts of the fish.
- •2.Word building.
- •3.Give opposite meaning to the words from the box and insert them in the sentences of your own.
- •4.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •5.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •6.Match a word in a to its definition in b. Write your own sentences with these words.
- •7. Match the beginnings and endings of the sentences.
- •8. Look at the pictures. What adaptations do these fishes have? Why?
- •9. Read and translate the text.
- •10. Answer these questions to Text 1.
- •11. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •12. Text for translation into English.
- •13.Make a report about any fish you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention fish`s
- •14.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150 - 250 words).
- •1.Word building.
- •2.Match an animal to a suitable group name.
- •3.Match a word in a to its definition in b.
- •4. Look at the picture and label parts of the bird.
- •5.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •6.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •7.Match a title and a paragraph.
- •8. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Match a title and a paragraph.
- •11. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •12. Text for translation into English.
- •13.Make a report about any bird you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention bird`s
- •14.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150 - 250 words).
- •1. Word building.
- •7. Separate parts of an animal from bear`s food.
- •8. Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •9. If someone behaves a people say they are b.
- •10. Translate from Russian into English.
- •11. Read and translate the text.
- •12. Find key sentences in each paragraph.
- •13. Write a title to each paragraph.
- •14. Answer the questions to Text 1.
- •15. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •16. Text for translation into English.
- •17.Make a report about any mammal you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention mammal`s
- •18.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1.Word building.
- •6.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •7.Match the beginning and the ending of the sentences.
- •8.Match a part of eye structure to its definition and its context.
- •9.Read and translate the text.
- •Invertebrates
- •10.Give a title to each paragraph.
- •11.Answer these questions to Text 1.
- •12. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •13. Text for translation into English.
- •14.Make a report about any invertebrate you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention invertebrate`s
- •15.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150 - 250 words).
- •1.Write another word with a similar meaning.
- •6.Label parts of the flower.
- •7.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •8.Translate into English.
- •9.Guess the meaning of the words from the context.
- •10. Read and translate the text.
- •11. Give a title to each paragraph.
- •12. Pair work. Ask and answer 6 questions to Text 1.
- •13. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •Venus Flytrap
- •14. Text for translation into English.
- •15.Make a report about any plant you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention plant`s
- •16.Choose any of the following ideas ( or propose your own), find information and write an essay ( 150-250 words).
- •1.Form nouns and adjectives from the verbs given. Pay attention to the suffixes.
- •2.Match definition in a to the word in b.
- •3. Look at the picture and label parts of the mushroom.
- •4.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •5.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •6.Read definitions and write names of the mushroom`s parts.
- •7. Explain the concepts given in your own words.
- •8. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Find key sentences in each paragraph.
- •10. Match a title with the passage.
- •11. Pair work. Ask and answer 6 questions to the Text 1.
- •12. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •13. Text for translation into English.
- •14.Make a report about any fungus you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention fungus`s
- •15.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1.Word building.
- •2.Match a word in a to its definition in b.
- •3.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •4.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •5.We know that scientific ideas could be :
- •6.Translate into English.
- •7. Read and translate the text.
- •Ideas about evolution
- •8. Pair work. Ask and answer 6 questions to Text 1.
- •9. Summarize the information from the text about one of the concepts and add some additional data.
- •10. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •11. Text for translation into English.
- •12.Make a report about any scientist you find interesting. There are several famous scientists mentioned in the article.
- •13.Writing
- •1.Use prefixes and form the new words.
- •2.Define the following words.
- •3.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •4.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •5.Make sure that you understand these verbs with prepositions and write sentences, incorporating them.
- •6. Translate from Russian into English.
- •7.Read and translate the text.
- •8.Give definitions to the following concepts from Text1.
- •9.Answer the questions to Text 1.
- •10. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •11. Text for translation into English.
- •12.Make a report about any ecosystem you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention ecosystem`s
- •13.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1.Match a and b to make word combinations.
- •2.Word building.
- •3.Explain the following words.
- •4.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •5.Give English equivalents to the following word combination.
- •6.Define the following concepts.
- •7.Make sure that you understand these verbs with prepositions and write sentences, incorporating them.
- •8.Translate into English.
- •9. Read and translate the text.
- •10. Pair work. Ask and answer 6 questions to Text 1.
- •11. Find key sentences in each paragraph and give paragraphs appropriate titles.
- •12. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •13. Text for translation into English.
- •14 Make a report about any problem, connected with extinction, you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention
- •15.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •8. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Match a title to the part of the text.
- •10. Pair work. Ask and answer 6 questions to the Text 1.
- •11. Read the texts using dictionary.
- •12. Text for translation into English.
- •13.Make a report about any particular case of adaptation you find interesting and unusual.
- •14.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
- •1.Write synonyms to the following words.
- •2.Match a word in a to its definition in b.
- •3.Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
- •4.Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
- •5.Define the words in English and insert them in the sentences of your own.
- •6.Translate into English.
- •7.Explain in your own words these concepts.
- •8. Read and translate the text.
- •9. Match a title with the paragraph.
- •10. Pair work. Ask and answer 6 questions to Text 1.
- •11. Read the texts using your dictionary.
- •12. Text for translation into English.
- •13.Make a report about any endangered animal you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention animal`s
- •14.Choose any of the following ideas ( or propose your own), find information and write an essay ( 150 – 250 words).
- •Infinitive/Gerund
- •It is… that (which, who).
- •Insert linking words from the box into the following sentences.
- •Insert linking words into the following texts.
- •1. Complete the table with singular and plural forms of nouns.
- •2. Match the adjectives with the nouns to construct word combinations. Use three of these word combinations in your own sentences.
- •3. Choose the correct word to complete the text. Be attentive! There are two odd words.
- •4. Give terms corresponding to the following definitions.
- •5. Explain the following terms.
- •6. Translate from Russian into English.
- •1. Complete the table with singular and plural forms of nouns.
- •2. Form adjectives from the following nouns. Sometimes more than one adjective can be formed. Use three of the received words in your own sentences.
- •3. Choose the correct word to complete the text.
- •4. Give terms corresponding to the following definitions.
- •5. Label parts of the fish.
- •6. Explain the following terms.
- •7. Translate from Russian into English.
- •1. Complete the word combinations with prepositions. Use three of the received word combinations in your own sentences.
- •2. Match the adjectives with the nouns to construct word combinations. Use three of these word combinations in your own sentences.
- •3. Choose the correct word to complete the text.
- •4. Give terms corresponding to the following definitions.
- •5. Describe any plant.
- •6. Translate from Russian into English.
- •1. Using different prefixes and suffixes create new words.
- •2. Match the verbs with the nouns to construct word combinations. Use three of these word combinations in your own sentences.
- •3. Choose the correct word to complete the text.
- •4. Explain the relationship between the following words.
- •5. Describe any ecosystem.
- •6. Translate from Russian into English.
- •1. Write synonyms and antonyms to the following words.
- •2. Make questions out of the words. Then answer them.
- •4. Explain the relationship between the following words.
- •5. Give terms corresponding to the following definitions.
- •6. Translate from Russian into English.
- •1.Put the verbs in brackets into Present, Past, Future Simple; Past Continuous or Present Perfect Passive Tense.
- •1.Future forms
- •2.Articles
- •3.Countable and uncountable nouns
- •1.Degrees of comparison
- •2.Conditionals
- •1.Modals
- •2.Emphasis
- •3.Passive
- •1.Sequence of Tenses
- •2.Reported Speech
- •3.Linking words
14 Make a report about any problem, connected with extinction, you find interesting and unusual. Write a plan first and do not forget to mention
Causes of a problem
Current situation
Ways of solving the problem
Your opinion.
15.Choose any of the following ideas (or propose your own), find information and write an essay (150-250 words).
Endangered species
Extinction
Introduction of species
Deforestation
Global warming
Human impact
Are we to be blamed?
Unit 14
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Тема урока: Adaptations текст 1 Community Interactions and Adaptations текст 2 Camel текст 3 Adaptations to thin air текст 4 Адаптация |
Words
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interaction |
n. a process by which two or more things affect each other |
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influence |
v. to affect the way someone or something develops, behaves, thinks etc without directly forcing or ordering them |
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predator |
n. an animal that kills and eats other animals |
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thus |
adv. as a result or consequence of this, therefore |
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simultaneous |
adj. occurring, operating, or done at the same time |
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exert |
v. to use your power, influence etc in order to make something happen |
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adept |
n. a person who is skilled or proficient at something |
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endow |
v. to make someone or something have a particular quality, or to believe that they have it |
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stripe |
n. a line of color |
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stealth |
n. cautious and surreptitious action or movement |
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stalk |
v. to follow a person or animal quietly in order to catch and attack or kill them |
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emit |
v. to send out gas, heat, light, sound etc |
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evasive |
v. to move or do something quickly to avoid someone being hurt |
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erratically |
adv. not arranged in order |
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jam |
v. to change the form of (an electrical signal or sound wave) during transmission, amplification, or other processing |
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resemble |
v. to have a similar appearance to or qualities in common with (someone or something), look or seem like |
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surroundings |
n. the objects, buildings, natural things etc that are around a person or thing at a particular time |
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render |
v. to provide or give (a service, help, etc.) |
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plain |
adj. not decorated or elaborate, simple or basic in character |
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flee |
n. to leave somewhere very quickly, in order to escape from danger |
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ambush |
v. to make a surprise attack on (someone) from a concealed position |
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thorn |
n. a stiff, sharp-pointed woody projection on the stem or other part of a plant |
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dangle |
v. to hang or swing loosely |
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lure |
n. an object used to attract animals or fish so that they can be caught |
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swallow |
v. to make food or drink go down your throat and towards your stomach |
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deter |
v. to stop someone from doing something, by making them realize it will be difficult or have bad results |
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milkweed |
n. a herbaceous plant with milky sap, some kinds of which attract butterflies or yield a variety of useful products |
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bountiful |
adj. large in quantity, abundant |
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tough |
adj. (of a substance or object) strong enough to withstand adverse conditions or rough handling |
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blade |
n. a single thin flat piece of grass |
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grind |
v. to reduce something to small particles or powder by crushing it |
Make sure you know these words
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1. |
cheetah |
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2. |
mimicry |
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3. |
natural selection |
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4. |
adaptation |
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5. |
coevolution |
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Working with words
Match a word in A to a similar word in B.
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A |
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B |
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1 |
to endow |
a |
disguise |
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2 |
predator |
b |
to release |
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3 |
camouflage |
c |
to escape |
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4 |
to flee |
d |
bountiful |
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5 |
venom |
e |
to retain |
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6 |
to deter |
f |
hunter |
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7 |
to emit |
g |
powerful |
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8 |
abundant |
h |
to provide |
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9 |
strong |
i |
to locate |
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19 |
to store |
j |
poison |
Match A and B to make the word combination.
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A |
B |
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keen |
on the prey |
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to zero |
chamber |
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warning |
poison |
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complex |
eyesight |
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abdominal |
action |
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to tolerate |
adaptations |
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evasive |
call |
Give definitions to the following words.
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1 |
plain |
a |
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2 |
to conceal |
b |
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3 |
to resemble |
c |
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4 |
thorn |
d |
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5 |
to swallow |
e |
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6 |
abundant |
f |
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7 |
tough |
g |
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Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.
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habitat relative tolerating adapted extreme locomotion changes observations comparing |
When biologists say that a plant or animal is .................... to its habitat they usually mean that, in the course of evolution, ......................... have occurred in the organism which make it more successful in exploiting its ..................................t, e.g. animals finding and digesting food, selecting nest sites or hiding places, or plants exploiting limited mineral resources or ..................... salinity or drought. Sometimes, just by looking at an organism and ..................... it with related species, it is possible to make reasoned guesses about adaptation. For example, there seems little doubt that the long, hair-fringed hind legs of a water beetle are adaptations to ................................ in water when compared with the corresponding legs of a land-living .............................
By studying animals which live in .............................. habitats, it is possible to suggest ways in which they might be adapted to these habitats especially if the ................................. are supported by physiological evidence.
Working with word combinations and sentences
Give English equivalents to the following word combinations.
Взаимодействующие популяции, поддерживать баланс, способность выживать, участники естественного отбора, защита от хищников, унаследованные характеристики, противостоять воздействию окружающей среды, знающий охотник, маскирующие пятна, подстерегать добычу, обнаружить добычу, испускать сигналы, высокочастотные сигналы, чувствительные уши, иметь большое сходство, оставаться неподвижным, убегать от хищников, приблизиться к приманке, предупредительная раскраска, прикрывать отход, изобилие растений, обилие пищи, по крайней мере, обескуражить хищника.
Give definitions to the following concepts.
Coevolution
Competition
Predation
Parasitism
Mutualism
Mimicry
Adaptation
Natural selection
Translate into English
Приспособленность - соответствие признаков организма (внутреннего и внешнего строения, физиологических процессов, поведения) среде обитания, позволяющее выжить и дать потомство. Например, водные животные имеют обтекаемую форму тела; лягушку делает незаметной на фоне растений зеленая окраска спины; ярусное расположение растений в биогеоценозе дает возможность эффективно использовать солнечную энергию для фотосинтеза. Приспособленность помогает выжить организмам в тех условиях, в которых она сформировалась под влиянием движущих сил эволюции.
Working with texts