- •Part I: Shaft Sinking and Drifting
- •1.1. Remember the following words.
- •1.6. Translate paragraph 5 and 6 from the text above in writing using a dictionary.
- •1.7. Answer the following questions.
- •1.8. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •1.9. Give a short summary of the text using the following phrases:
- •1.10. Reproduce the dialogue.
- •2.2. Find in the text given below English equivalents to the Russian phrases.
- •2.3. Find pairs of antonyms.
- •2.4. Read and choose the proper title to the text given below.
- •2.10 Read and choose the proper title to the text given below.
- •2.11 Complete the sentences with some suitable parts.
- •2.12 Match the terms and their definitions.
- •2.13 Read and memorize the words.
- •2.15. Analyze and translate the derivatives.
- •2.16. Read and choose the proper title to the text given below.
- •2.17. Translate into English.
- •2.18. Translate in writing 1 and 2 from the text given above.
- •3.1. Read and memorize the words.
- •Explosives. Historical Note
- •3.7. Answer the questions to the text.
- •3.8. Read and memorize the words.
- •3.9. Read the text “Commercial Explosives” and answer the following questions.
- •Commercial Explosives
- •3.10. Translate in writing the text given below. If necessary use a dictionary. Storing and Handling Explosives
- •3.11. Reproduce the dialogue.
- •Part II: Tunneling
- •1.1. Read and try to memorize the words.
- •1.2. Read and recognize the following international words.
- •1.3. Read and translate the following word combinations.
- •1.4. Read the text “Tunnel Basic” and answer the following questions.
- •Tunnel Basic
- •1.5 Look at Figure II and try to speak about forces interacting to produce equilibrium on a tunnel.
- •1.6 Look through the text once again, find sentences with the Infinitive and translate them.
- •1.7. Read the text “Major Types of Tunnels” and find the answers to the following questions.
- •Major Types of Tunnels
- •1.8. Look through the text once again and complete the table. Discuss the results you have obtained with your group-mates. Types of tunnels
- •1.9. Match English and Russian phrases. Write down your answers.
- •From the history of tunneling
- •Milestones in the history of tunneling
- •1.14. Summarize the text given above using expressions (page 67).
- •1.15. Study the text “Tools and Techniques” and complete the table.
- •Tools and Techniques
- •1.16. Are the following statements false or true? Write down your answers.
- •1.17. Match the words in a with their synonyms in b. Write down your answers.
- •Holland Tunnel
- •Inside a Holland Tunnel ventilation tower Underground Canal
- •Thames Tunnel
- •2.1. Read and try to memorize the words and word-combinations.
- •2.2. Read and translate the following word combinations.
- •2.3. Study the text “Tunnel Planning”. Try to understand as much information as you can. Tunnel Planning
- •2.4. Change the form of the word so that it could be filled in the blank space in the sentence.
- •2.5. Write a short summary of the text you have read using the following as a plan.
- •2.6. Discuss with your group-mates the process of a tunnel planning. The following phrases will help you.
- •2.7. Before reading the text “Types of Tunnels and Construction Methods” study the table and say what construction methods are used in each of the three environments. Make use of the Model.
- •Drilling and blasting (d&b) method
- •Natm New Austrian Tunneling Method (natm)
- •2.13. Translate the following text in written form with a dictionary. Try to manage within 15 minutes. Tunnel Boring Machine (tbm) method
- •2.14. Match the words in a with their synonyms in b. Write down the answers.
- •2.15. Match the words in a with their antonyms in b. Write down the answers.
- •2.16. Click here to watch the video how tbm works in hard rock:
- •What is trenchless technology?
- •2.18. Skim the text once again and fill in the table. Discuss the results you have obtained with your group-mates.
- •2.19. Click here to watch the video about how trenchless piper replacement technology works.
- •2.20. Translate the following text in written form with a dictionary. Try to manage within 15 minutes. Shallow-buried Tunnel or Soft Soil Tunnel
- •2.21. Read and summarize the text “Underwater Tunnel” using expressions (page 67). Underwater Tunnel
- •Immersed-tube method
- •2.22. Look through the text once again and find sentences with Participle I and Participle II. Translate these sentences.
- •2.23. Look at the picture, think and organize the procedure of underwater tunnel construction in order.
- •3.1. Read and try to memorize the words.
- •3.2. Read and translate the following word combinations.
- •3.3. Read the text “Tunnel Construction along the Road Adler – Krasnaya Polyana” and complite the table under it. Tunnel Construction along the Road Adler – Krasnaya Polyana
- •Tunnels Construction
- •3D model of the Tunnel system1
- •Severomuysky Tunnel
- •3.8. Match the words in a with their synonyms in b. Write down the answers.
- •3.9. Read the text “Gotthard Base Tunnel” and give its summary using expressions (page 67). Gotthard Base Tunnel (gbt)
- •3.9. Read the text “Miracle under the Alps” and write down the most interesting facts for you. Discuss the results you have obtained with your group-mates. Miracle under the Alps
- •3.9. Click here to watch photos from the construction site of the gbt.
- •3.10. Click here to watch video about the gbt. Speak about your impression about this project.
- •4.1. Read and try to memorize the words.
- •4.2. Read and translate the following word combinations.
- •4.3. Translate the text “The future of tunnels” in written form with a dictionary. Try to manage within 25 minutes. The future of tunnels
- •Tunnel planned between Russia and usa
- •4.8. Look at the picture and render suggested information from Russian into English.
- •4.9. Click here to watch the video about tbMs which will be able to construct a tunnel under the Bering Strait:
2.14. Match the words in a with their synonyms in b. Write down the answers.
A B
1. manually |
1. to drill |
2. to utilize, to apply |
2. to include |
3. important |
3. to use |
4. to bore |
4. to supply |
5. to comprise |
5. by hand |
6. to provide |
6. to take into consideration |
7. to take into account |
7. significant |
2.15. Match the words in a with their antonyms in b. Write down the answers.
A B
1. vertical |
1. undetonated |
2. hard |
2. permanent |
3. expensive |
3. horizontal |
4. risky |
4. cheap |
5. detonated |
5. safe |
6. temporary |
6. easy, soft |
7. deep |
7. unlike |
8. like |
8. shallow |
2.16. Click here to watch the video how tbm works in hard rock:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yFHrI3HFMDg&feature=related
2.17. Read the text “What is trenchless technology?” and decide if the folloing statesments are true or false.
1. The term “trenchless technology” refers to the techniques and methods when we need to build a new traffic tunnel underground.
2. There are more advantages when we use trenchless technology than disadvantages.
3. Trenchless technology, as compared to other methods, is simpler because it does not involve complex processes and skilled manpower.
4. But it consumes a lot of time when it comes to construction.
5. Trenchless technology is actually becoming the trend now among many cities worldwide.
What is trenchless technology?
The term “trenchless technology” refers to the techniques and methods when it comes to repair, installation, modification, and rehabilitation (реконструкция) of pipes and cables underground minus the disturbance (нарушение) that it creates on the structures above.
Trenchless technology is actually being used in developed cities in order to eliminate the problems when it comes to cable wires and water systems. There are actually a lot of advantages when it comes to the use of trenchless technology and the following are the examples of the advantages of the use of trenchless technology.
One of the main advantages of using trenchless technology is that since the pipes, cables, and other stuff are located underground, we may be able to avoid disrupting the traffic above. Plus there is also no space wasted above for the pipelines and cables unlike when the latters are above the ground.
Another advantage of using trenchless technology is that it does not waste any resources since the street that has been dug up actually need not to be fixed or rebuilt.
Trenchless technology, as compared to other methods, is way simpler since it does not involve complex processes and skilled manpower. It does not also consume a lot of time when it comes to construction because it is very easy and quick to complete.
Trenchless technology is also known as the “no dig” technology and it is actually becoming the trend now among many cities because of all the benefits and advantages that come with the use of it.
If there is one disadvantage when it comes to the use of trenchless technology, which is the fact that the equipment or tools that are used in construction as well as the maintenance are very costly. Up until this time, this obstacle is the only reason on why other cities do not adapt this technology.