III. To be

Глагол to be в сочетании с инфинитивом имеет модальное значе­ние и может выражать:

1. долженствование, обусловленное договоренностью или пла­ном; переводится обычно при помощи должен или глаголом в бу­дущем времени.

The Prime Minister is to go to Paris next week. На следующей неделе премьер-министр должен поехать (поедет) в Париж.

Примечание Сочетание формы was/were с перфектной формой ин­финитива означает, что действие не было совершено.

2. возможность (в этом случае за глаголом to be обычно следуетпассивная форма инфинитива).

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Responsibilities and obligations possessed by the Russian trade unions are to be envied Можно позавидовать той ответственно­сти и тем обязанностям, которые имеют профсоюзы в России.

3. намерение, цель, желание — в придаточных предложениях, вводимых союзом if переводится инфинитивом с союзом чтобы (для того, чтобы), реже — если мы хотим, чтобы.

If the United Nations is to deal adequately with the new situation, it itself will first require reform. Чтобы ООН адекватно реагирова­ла на новую ситуацию (если мы хотим, чтобы ООН...), ей самой, прежде всего, необходимо реформирование.

Примечание Следует помнить, однако, что сочетание to be с инфи­нитивом может представлять собой составное сказуемое, где to be выступа­ет в качестве глагола-связки, а инфинитив — в качестве предикатива.

The task of the committee is to find ways for a workable agreement. За­дачей этой комиссии является изыскать (изыскание) пути для практиче­ски приемлемого соглашения.

Проанализируйте и переведите следующие предложения.

1. Voting, which began at 8 a.m. and was to last eight hours, was ex­tended by one or two hours in a number of cities, including Tehran.

2. A «federation fund» of A$l billion is to be spent on projects of«national significance» leading up to the centenary of Australia's federa­tion.

3. The talks aimed at ending the civil war in Colombia are to establishan agenda and location for full-scale negotiations later this year.

4. Labour is to move quickly to introduce legislation to ban advertise­ments for cigarette smoking, the Commons heard yesterday.

5. The External Affairs Minister who was to have addressed the Gen­eral Assembly on the Canadian position yesterday, suddenly postponedhis statement.

6. Another topic was the importance of fully integrating nations suchas Russia and China into the world economic scheme if the United Statesand Europe are to have stable relations with them.

7. The report from the left-leaning think-tank Demos stops short ofrecommending abolition of the monarchy, but argues «democratic» re­form is needed if the institution is to match public expectation.

8. If either or anything is to survive, they must find a way to create anindissoluble partnership.

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9. Any EU nation needs to have an inner self-confidence if it is to stepout of what is otherwise an EU consensus position on foreign and defencepolicy.

10. Italy needs to get a firmer hold on this corner of the market if itsdominance of the fashion industry is not to be threatened

11. Mr Largent believes that the Republicans' mistake at the recentelection was to forget their message.

12. He realised early that France had to collaborate with other Euro­pean countries if it was to compete with the American aviation giants.

13. Yet strong African leadership is essential if the punative Africanpeacekeeping force is not to look like an extension of American or Euro­pean power in Africa.

14. If capitalism with Chinese characteristics is not to become as dirtya phrase in China as crony capitalism has in Russia, Eastern Europe andparts of East Asia, checks are urgently needed to stop local bosses en­riching themselves at others' expense.

15. Their hesitations have already encouraged Serbia's president in hisrefusal to make concessions at the negotiating table; they could yet curtaila military campaign that should go on for weeks if it is to have anychance of achieving its aims.

16. If one administration after another proved unable to deal with itsown household finances, its incessantly proclaimed top priority, was itscompetence to be trusted in the less visible and comprehensible mattersof defence, strategic arms, diplomacy or finance?

17. If the mistakes of the neighbours are to be avoided, people need tobe free to debate government policy and to hold accountable those whodo wrong.

18. But this success must be made the starting point of a new effort ifthe impetus is to be maintained and still bigger successes won

19. Changes seem inevitable, but no one can say what. But changesthere must be if confidence in the board is to be restored and it is to func­tion properly.

20. These are only a few of the questions which arise out of the vastsubject « Planning and Economic Growth». A choice must be made, inview of the breadth and diversity of these questions, if certain aspects ofthe problem are to be examined at all deeply within the limits of this briefarticle.

21. But it is savings and investment, as well as goods and chattels, thatEgypt needs if it is to reach the magic growth figure.

22. Osama al-Baz, a wise Egyptian who advises the president, says:

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«We will not allow moneyed people to dominate the government. They can have loud voices on economic reform but... it is still a question of so­cial justice.» And so, if this economic revolution is to succeed, it should be.

23. Now, after three months of closer scrutiny, at the point at whichthe bills were to have been presented to Parliament, they have suddenlybeen withdrawn for redrafting.

24. It was to have been the biggest merger in corporate history, creat­ing a colossus with a market capitalization of $ 205 billion, second onlyto that of General Electric.

25. But the official went on to emphasize that the new administration'saim is to reduce and manage disagreements through the consultationprocess that has now begun.

26. Their initial goal is to end three years of budget deficits andinflation by the end of this year.