- •Foreign Language Department language of science
- •Tyumen - 2002
- •Кафедра Иностранных Языков Язык Науки
- •Тюмень-2002 contents
- •Программа разработана
- •Раздел 1
- •Требования по видам речевой коммуникации
- •Виды чтения:
- •Языковой материал
- •Английский язык
- •Французский язык
- •Содержание и структура кандидатского экзамена по иностранному языку
- •Рекомендуемая структура экзамена
- •Раздел 2
- •Методические указания
- •К программе кандидатского экзамена
- •По иностранному языку
- •Английский язык
- •Немецкий язык
- •Французский язык
- •My biography and research work
- •New Webster’s Dictionary definitions
- •Expressions for summarizing or annotating
- •Основные разделы реферата текста
- •Text work: lexis and expressions for oral and written presentation
- •Texts for synopsis on arts and culture
- •Sample sinopsi of the texts
- •It is underlined that Constable's finances were in a bad way for a long time. Constable had to paint portrait commissions though he was a landscape-painter.
- •In the end the article reports the way Constable was elected to full membership of the Royal Academy.
- •It is underlined that portraiture was the heart in British painting in that period.
- •It's interesting to note that a reason of the Hogarth creative activity was his rivalry other painters who lived the same period.
- •In the end the author reports that Hogarth won recognition of Society. He was appointed Sergeant-Painter to the King. It was an honorary and privileged position.
- •In the end the author points out that in the opinion of Reynolds Gainsborough was an outstanding painter and was very good at forming all the parts of a picture together.
- •In conclusion it's interesting to note that Turner was a landscape-painter and especially he tried to convey the dramatic possibilities of natural phenomena.
- •In the end the author underlines that Reynolds was a gifted man not only in the field of painting. He delivered his annual Discourses to the students of the Academy and he founded the Literary Club.
- •1. The concept of culture
- •2. The development of social responses
- •3. Attachment and loss
- •4. Isolated monkeys
- •5. Deprivation in human infants
- •6. Long-term influences
- •7.The socialisation of the infant
- •8. Theories of child development
- •Freud and psychoanalysis
- •Personality development
- •Criticisms
- •The theory of g.H.Mead
- •9. Piaget: cognitive development
- •10. The stages of cognitive development
- •Criticisms
- •12. Connections between the theories
- •Texts on philosophy
- •Western Philosophical Concepts of God
- •Renй Descartes (1596-1650)
- •Tне infinitive
- •Bare Infinitive
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •Infinitive in parenthetical phrases
- •The gerund
- •I regret telling him about it.
- •I am fond of reading.
- •Exercises
- •Participle I
- •Asking that question he did not want to offend me
- •Perfect
- •I hate you talking like that.
- •It being a hot day, they went to the river.
- •Exercises
- •Participle II
- •If asked he always helped me.
- •When did you have your hair cut?
- •I want the letter posted at once. Exercises
- •Russian-english dictionary
Infinitive in parenthetical phrases
Infinitive forms parenthetical phrases, such as: to tell the truth, to be sure, to be quite plain, to be more precise, to cut a long story short.
They are inserted into a sentence to express modality, to show the attitude of the speaker towards the idea expressed in the sentence.
To tell the truth, I do not like them.
Here are some examples of parenthetical phrases with the Infinitive used in scientific prose. to tell the truth - по правде говоря to say the least - мягко выражаясь to make a long story short - короче говоря to put it mildly - мягко выражаясь to put it briefly - короче говоря to put it simply - попросту говоря to put it another way - иначе говоря
to begin with to start with - прежде всего to judge from (by) - судя по, если судить по
to use (an unsatisfactory tern)- если употребить (неудачное выражение) to return - если возвратиться to sum up - если подвести итог to take (an example) - если привести (пример) suffice it to say - достаточно сказать needless to say - нет надобности говорить to say nothing of - не говоря уже о ... so to speak - так сказать
to mention (only some) - если упомянуть (лишь некоторые) to quote (a single example) - если привести (один пример)
Exercises
Study the use of parenthetical infinitive in fiction.
To cut a long story short, the infant that's just gone out of the room is not your son. (Maugham)
The prospective buyer is someone who is not, to put it mildly, a supporter of female emancipation. To consent to this sale would be to consent to change the character of the newspaper altogether. (Mucdoch).
To begin with, he did not like the way his editor had spoken to him that
norning. (Priestly)
To speak frankly, I am not in favour of long engagements. (Wilde)
Truth to tell, he wanted to say a great deal. (Dreiser)
To begin with, Mrs. Anderson is a pleasanter person to live with
Mrs. Dudgeon. (Shaw)
But the heat of the afternoon was, to say the least, oppresive. (Salinger)
The gerund
The morphological characteristics. As a verb the gerund has the grammatical categories of voice and tense correlation.
The category of voice
Active
asking
reading
Passive
being asked
being read
She is fond of reading.
She is fond of being read to.
The category of tense correlation
Non-Perfect Perfect
asking having asked
being asked having been asked
The perfect form of the gerund expresses priority.
He told me of her having gone to the South for her holiday
Note: The non-perfect form of the gerund expresses priority:
a) after the prepositions on, after:
After reading the book he returned it to the library.
b) after verbs of recollection, gratitude, blame, reproach, punishment and reward: