- •Передмова
- •Lesson 1
- •2. Read and memorize the following word combinations:
- •3. Read and translate the text into Ukrainian. Chemical engineering and chemistry
- •4. Answer the questions to the text:
- •Choose the correct continuation to complete the following statements:
- •7. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Objective and Subjective Infinitive Constructions:
- •8. Pick up the key words from the text “Chemical engineering and chemistry”. Make up your own sentences with them.
- •9. Write an abstract to the text “Chemical engineering and chemistry”.
- •10. Get ready for presenting the topic “Chemical engineering and chemistry” at the conference ”Innovations in Science and Engineering” based on questions of Task 4. Lesson 2
- •2. Read and memorize the following word combinations
- •3. Read and translate the text into Ukrainian. Unit operations in chemical engineering
- •4. Answer the questions to the text:
- •6. Fill in the gaps using the terms denoting unit operations from the table below:
- •7. Match the columns to make up word combinations and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •8. Translate into English using a technical dictionary:
- •9. Pick up the key words from the text “Unit operations in chemical engineering”. Make up your own sentences with them.
- •10. Write an abstract to the text “Unit operations in chemical engineering”.
- •11. Get ready for presenting the topic “Unit operations in chemical engineering” at the conference ”Innovations in Science and Engineering” based on the following questions of Task 4. Lesson 3
- •2. Read and memorize the following word combinations:
- •3. Read and translate the text into Ukrainian:
- •Industrial dryers
- •4. Answer the questions to the text:
- •7. Point out the sentences containing information directly from the text:
- •8. Point out the word combinations with Participial constructions. Define the type of the Participle.
- •8. Pick up the key words from the text “Industrial dryers”. Make up your own sentences with them.
- •9. Write an abstract to the text “Industrial dryers”.
- •10. Get ready for presenting the topic “Industrial dryers” at the conference ”Innovations in Science and Engineering” based on the following questions of Task 4. Lesson 4
- •3. Read and translate the text into Ukrainian. Filtration and filters
- •3. Answer the questions to the text:
- •5. Fill in the gaps with the words from the text and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •6. Change the following sentences according to the model.
- •Lesson 5
- •2. Read and memorize the following word combinations
- •3. Read and translate the text into Ukrainian. Centrifuges
- •4. Answer the questions to the text:
- •5. Change the following sentences according to the model:
- •6. Translate into Ukrainian paying attention to the word “since”:
- •7. Say if the following statements are true or false. If the statement is false
- •8. Choose the correct continuation to complete the following statements:
- •Lesson 6
- •2. Read and memorize the following word combinations
- •3. Read and translate the text into Ukrainian. Mixing and blending
- •4. Answer the questions to the text:
- •5. Fill in the gaps with the words from the text and translate these word combinations into Ukrainian:
- •6. Choose the correct grammar form for each sentence:
- •6. Say if the following statements are true or false. If the statement is false explain why:
- •Lesson 7
- •2. Read and memorize the following word combinations:
- •3. Read and translate the text into Ukrainian: Heat exchangers
- •4. Answer the questions to the text:
- •5. Choose the correct continuation to complete the following statements:
- •7. Which of the following sentences from the text contain the Passive Voice forms? Explain how you define these forms.
- •6. Say if the following statements are true or false. If the statement is false explain why:
- •Lesson 8
- •2. Read and memorize the following word combinations:
- •3. Read and translate the text into Ukrainian: Crushers
- •4. Answer the questions to the text:
- •5. Match the words to make up possible word combinations:
- •6. Try to put these words in the right order and make a sentence:
- •7. Say if the statement is true or false. If the statement is false give the correct answer:
- •8. Read the following text. Retell it to a partner:
- •9. Open the brackets choosing the correct form of the Participles. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •Lesson 9
- •2. Read and memorize the following word combinations:
- •3. Read and translate the text into Ukrainian. Grinders
- •4. Answer the questions to the text:
- •5. Say if the following statements are true or false. If the statement is false
- •6. Сhoose the correct item to complete the following statements:
- •5. Match the words to make up possible word combinations and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •7. Find out the sentences containing gerundial constructions and define the function of Gerund:
- •Lesson 10
- •Reading strategies
- •Writing abstracts
- •Особливості перекладу науково-технічного тексту
3. Read and translate the text into Ukrainian:
Industrial dryers
Drying is one of the most frequently encountered chemical engineering operations. Drying generally signifies the removal of liquid from a solid by evaporation, although gases are also dried.
Industrial dryers are used for removing moisture from substances, products or materials in a business or manufacturing capacity. The term "industrial dryer" is a general reference that applies to dryers no matter what their particular method of drying is: air, infrared or spray drying. Because of the variety, there is no single design or model of industrial dryer, though there are some shared characteristics.
Many dryers are made from stainless steel because it is strong, sanitary and corrosion resistant. They are often cylindrical tanks or rectangular boxes with multiple intake and output valves, connections, openings, gauges and controls. Some may be continuous-able to dry a constant flow of materials and utilize a conveyor belt while others work in batches. The capacity depends on the kind of dryer and the material that will be dried. Certain dryers can dry over 25,000 pounds an hour while others can be built to hold only one cubic foot. Dryers are essential for the pharmaceutical, food processing, manufacturing, agricultural, pollution control, water treatment and paper industries and have multiple functions when working with chemicals, dairy products, fertilizers, grains, minerals, paper, plastics, refuse and more.
Most industrial dryers are bolted or welded together, depending on the importance of the seams, the anticipated product and any motion the dryer will endure. The three main methods of drying encompass a variety of models that carry out the task in different ways.
Air dryers are the most common industrial dryers. They bring materials into direct contact with hot air which causes moisture to evaporate and diffuse into the air, leaving behind a dry product.
Flash dryers, freeze dryers, fluid bed dryers and rotary dryers all fit in this category though their designs vary. Flash dryers use a short intense burst of heat to dry materials almost instantly while freeze drying uses cold air and vacuums to freeze moisture and sublime it away.
Fluid bed dryers shoot steam up through a perforated plate in order to cause the solid material to behave like a fluid; rotary dryers are large drums that dry products as they turn and tumble the material through the hot air contained inside.
Infrared dryers rely on electromagnetic radiation from a certain segment of the wavelength to dry solid materials quickly and without overheating them because the wavelength can be matched to the absorption rate of the product to maximize energy and resources.
Spray drying introduces the material to jets of hot steam which causes the moisture to flash dry and evaporate. Spray drying is highly suited for the continuous production of dry solids in either powder, granulate or agglomerate form from liquid feedstocks as solutions, emulsions and pumpable suspensions. Therefore, spray drying is an ideal process where the end-product must comply to precise quality standards regarding particle size distribution, residual moisture content, bulk density, and particle shape.